http://viewchange.org Videos from ViewChange.org (Filtered by topics: LinkTV Picks) en-us Tue, 27 Mar 2012 08:28:00 +0000 Copyright 2011 Link Media, Inc. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/viewchange-unleashing-innovation What is social innovation? Solving some of the world's most pressing problems -- including global poverty and development -- requires innovative thinking, unusual partnerships, and entrepreneurialism. And it's already working. Find out how in Unleashing Innovation. Tue, 27 Mar 2012 08:28:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/viewchange-unleashing-innovation Social innovation, Technology, Social entrepreneurship, Environment, Water & Sanitation, Change Makers, Foreign Assistance, David Kilcullen, Tanzania, Dar es Salaam >> TITLE: Soccer is the world's most popular sport >> BILL CLINTON: An idea for clean energy that I think it's fair to say hardly anybody else on the planet had ever thought of. >> TITLE: One out of five people live without electricity >> BILL CLINTON: It's quite extraordinary really -- kick a ball, turn on a light. >> TITLE: Thirty minutes of play generates three hours of light >> BILL CLINTON: It's an off-grid solution that gives us a way to bring power and improve quality of life, working capacity, learning capacity. >> TITLE: Soccket: innovate, play, empower >> VOICEOVER: Soccket, and other social innovations, in this ViewChange special. >> VOICEOVER: ViewChange is about people making real progress in tackling the world's toughest issues. Can a story change the world? See for yourself in ViewChange: Unleashing Innovation. >> VOICEOVER: That was Soccket. It's gotten a lot of attention recently, and not just from Bill Clinton. Which isn't surprising: it has all the trappings of a game-changer. Soccket is clever; it's creative; it's relatively cheap; and most of all, it takes on one of the biggest challenges in the developing world -- access to electricity. Soccket is unique, but it's one of a growing number of projects with a similar goal: tackling the world's toughest problems from surprising and inventive new angles. Problems like hunger, disease, clean water, security -- problems that are crying out for a fresh approach. Lynn Taliento from McKinsey & Company's Social Sector Office, and Tom Freston, chairman of the ONE Campaign, are two leaders in this field, which goes by the term "social innovation." It's a field that sits at the nexus of industry, entrepreneurial thinking, and philanthropy. As they explain, understanding social innovation takes some nuance. >> TOM FRESTON [Chairman of the Board, ONE]: Social innovation's sort of a category that wasn't even around ten years ago and has been booming ever since -- and it's really about identifying new ideas, new organizations, new strategies to attack social problems. >> LYNN TALIENTO [Partner, McKinsey & Company]: For me, social innovation is about looking at a social challenge and coming up with different ways to address it. A lot of people think it means coming up with a new technology or a new solution, sort of a point solution. But we see it way broader than that. If you think about it you can come up with a new solution but then you can come up also with a new way to deliver that solution. It might be an old solution that you deliver in a new way. >> TOM FRESTON: It's clearly an area that is growing. We see the White House has a Social Innovation Fund. We see in various countries all kinds of government support. There are all kinds of exciting people doing things. >> LYNN TALIENTO: So, some of the groups that are social innovators are pretty well known to us. Think about (PRODUCT)RED, products you can buy in the stores like the Red Apple iPod. Or think about TOMS Shoes, which many of us wear. Kiva.org, where you can actually make a loan to a micro entrepreneur in another country and get paid back and then reinvest. Or think about Ushahidi, which is revolutionizing crisis communications. >> TOM FRESTON: Ten years ago, if you got out of a good school, there's a good chance you were probably headed to Wall Street. Thirty years ago, if you got out of a good school, there was a good chance you'd want to be an investigative journalist. I think a lot of the bloom is off the rose on the Wall Street, money-making culture, not all of it certainly, but a lot of people are attracted to this realm because it combines their innate desire to do something good along with a possibility to tie it into something innovative in terms of technology, or approach, or so forth. >> LYNN TALIENTO: There's a whole spectrum of social innovation, and it really can be found anywhere. That's really what's so exciting about it. It can be found in labs that are developing new vaccines. It can be found very commonly on the ground in a nonprofit, say a midwifery clinic working with moms to figure out how to deliver their babies more safely. But increasingly it's happening in corporations. Companies are engaging more and more in social issues and figuring out how to use their supply chains, their people, their skills to address a social issue in a location where they're operating. >> VOICEOVER: So where does this "spectrum of innovation" begin and end? From the smallest villages to the world's top tech labs, these innovators are changing the face of their industries. Here are four short films, entered in McKinsey's Social Innovation Video Contest, pushing the boundaries of the expected around the world. >> TITLE: ViewChange >> WOMAN: As I watch my child sleep, I feel a sense of inner peace. I will do everything to protect him, and I want to always be there to give him unconditional love. But the day my child was born, the only thing I wanted was to help him live. >> TITLE: Twenty million low-birth weight and premature babies are born every year around the world, 450 every hour >> VOICEOVER: One of the biggest problems these babies face is staying warm, but traditional incubators cost thousands of dollars. The Embrace infant warmer is a simple solution to this problem. Embrace consists of three parts: a sleeping bag, a heater, and a pouch of phase-change material. Once heated, the phase-change material is placed into a compartment in the sleeping bag. The product stays warm without electricity, and allows for close mother-to-child interaction. Embrace's mission is to give every infant a chance for a healthy life. >> TITLE: ViewChange >> VOICEOVER: You may already know the story. Uganda, plagued by a twenty-five year long war. Two million people displaced, left homeless, jobless, and desperate. But when we actually went to Uganda, our perspective changed. We met women with names and stories. Women who are ready to step forward and get a fresh start. The identity of 31 Bits was born, combining creativity with recycled paper to make incredible jewelry. We realized that we had a market, and they had a skill. Together, we made a business. We believe true economic sustainability is a result of holistic care, enabling a person financially, spiritually, mentally, and physically. After four years in our program, a woman has an education, a career, confidence, and a voice. She is empowered to rise above poverty. >> TITLE: Buy a necklace. Share their story. Give hope. >> TITLE: ViewChange >> MIKE LIN [Founder & CEO, Fenix International Inc.] With over 1.6 billion people without access to power, we need scalable solutions. The name Fenix comes from the mythical bird, and it's about rebirth and renewal. And we're focusing on renewable energy for frontier markets. The Fenix ReadySet system is a renewable power center that can charge from virtually anything. It can charge from solar, it can charge from a bicycle generator that we've developed, and it can even charge off the grid. We aim to reach massive scale, installing megawatts, gigawatts of power, in areas that never had access to energy. An entrepreneur can use the ReadySet system to power a small business, they can charge cell phones and they can power lights at night so they can keep their stores open longer and generate new, meaningful income. We're hoping to actually innovate a new business model where we're thinking about people, prosperity, and the planet. We're hoping to address not just the environmental issues but also improve the quality of life for billions of people around the world. >> TITLE: ViewChange >> TITLE: Meet Kamala. Kamala and her mother spend hours every day collecting water for their family. This leaves little time for school, for play, or for work. One billion people on the planet lack reliable access to safe water. This means they must travel at least half a mile to reach a safe water source. Transporting water is time consuming. Average time spent = 25 percent of a woman's day. Water is heavy. Five gallons = 42 pounds, or one piece of checked luggage. People need at least five gallons of water per day to stay healthy and hydrated. Kamala and her mother struggle to meet their family's daily water needs. Would you rather be the woman on the right, or a woman on the left? Wello is a social venture with a bold mission: to deliver clean water to a thirsty world. Now that they have a Wello WaterWheel, Kamala and her mother spend their time in more productive ways. This gives Kamala and her family a chance at a better future. In a single trip, one WaterWheel delivers enough water for an entire family. By re-imagining the water crisis as an opportunity, Wello has reinvented the wheel. >> TITLE: ViewChange >> VOICEOVER: Those are only four of many stories happening around the world. Meanwhile, governments and aid groups have been targeting challenges like water and electricity access, and children's health, for almost a century. Lots of progress has been made, but there's plenty of room for more. Problems this deeply entrenched require more than just another look. They need a whole new outlook. >> LYNN TALIENTO: If we're going to solve some of these increasingly complex social issues we definitely need fresh thinking. We need unusual suspects if you will. We need people who haven't spent their lives necessarily thinking about social issues but who have talents and capabilities in areas like gaming, or design thinking, or financial engineering to put their talents to work to solve these issues. The essence of social innovation is finding new solutions to old problems. >> VOICEOVER: Consider the case of Mozambique, the site of a severe landmine problem. Leftover from a 16-year civil war, the mines are a national menace. Untold thousands remain hidden. Bart Weetjens, a Belgian engineer, studied traditional demining methods and found them dangerous, expensive, and slow. And that's when he tried enlisting the help of an indigenous ally. This ViewChange film has the story. >> TITLE: ViewChange >> TITLE: Bomb Squad Rats >> VOICEOVER: Here in Mozambique, the Cricetomys gambianus, or, as it's better known, the African giant pouched rat, is no longer feared or reviled. >> ALBERT ZACHARIA: Mostly in our African culture, rats are considered as a useless animal. So, at first when I heard that rats are being used for demining, I didn't believe it. >> VOICEOVER: Here at this rat training camp in Chokwe, near the Limpopo River, these furry heroes are going through their final training. When the rats detect some explosive, they indicate by scratching the ground. The trainers then make a clicking noise to let them know they can return for a reward. >> ANDREW SULLY [Program Manager, Apopo]: What we are trying to do is here the rats are an African solution to an African problem. >> VOICEOVER: Andrew Sully works for Apopo, the Belgian NGO that runs the rat program. He says the inspiration came from scientific work dating back decades. >> ANDREW SULLY: Well, rats have actually been used for the detection of explosives for many, many years. I mean, there were experiments using laboratory rats back in the 1950s if not before that. >> VOICEOVER: Putting that research into practice hasn't been easy, and each rat takes two years to train. But they have some distinct advantages over their canine counterparts. Unlike sniffer dogs, they're loyal to food, rather than one particular trainer. And they can also be more effective on windy days, like today. Demining teams have spent more than a decade trying to clear Mozambique of land mines. Millions of them were laid during the ten-year fight for independence and the two decades of civil war that followed. Today, the rat team is on its way to the former garrison village of Hate-Hate. >> ANDREW SULLY: From the initial surveys that have been done I think there have been at least five or six mine accidents in this sort of horseshoe shape which was the mined area around the barracks. >> VOICEOVER: Alfredo Adamo gave up his job as a schoolteacher to work with the rats, and he's proud of his new career. >> ALFREDO ADAMO: Because I know every time we find a mine and we destroy it, I know if it continued there something bad should happen, either to a person or to an animal, actual cattle or whatever. >> VOICEOVER: The area the de-miners are working in today lies either side of a track leading down to a borehole, the area's main water source. >> VENDELINE SHIRIMA: So they put mines in this area in order to protect those local people inside here. >> VOICEOVER: By the end of today's shift, they've already found two live land mines. The final job of the day is to safely detonate the rat's haul. >> CERVEZA: It's TNT, almost all of it. There's 150 grams. This is the detonator. >> VOICEOVER: It's slow and painstaking work, but bit by bit, Mozambique is being cleared of land mines, and it's all thanks to the work of man's new best friend. >> TITLE: ViewChange >> VOICEOVER: So far, the organization has cleared more than 2,700 explosives in Mozambique's Gaza province. And it plans to make the area completely mine-free this year. Apopo is one of three demining groups in Mozambique today, and they've branched out to Thailand and Tanzania too. This new approach was met with skepticism at first, but the rats have proven themselves worthy allies. The United Nations, many governments, and foundations support the program. And the rats themselves? Like any specialist, they're subject to regular testing. >> VOICEOVER: So who are the social innovators of today? It turns out; they come from some pretty unlikely fields. Professionals in areas like engineering, design, and finance are realizing that they too can make headway on social causes. That's a powerful discovery. Enter design thinking -- usually something that pertains to things like art and architecture. But as Dave Kilcullen and his team at Caerus Associates know, it's a way of engaging social problems, too. Kilcullen has been an advisor to the Bush and Obama administrations, aid groups, and governments around the world, but he is best known for his work in postwar reconstruction. In his bestselling books, Kilcullen shows how social challenges require the same kind of engineering. And the most important part of design thinking for social problems? Understanding the local environment, and the local issues. >> DR. DAVID KILCULLEN [CEO, Caerus Associates]: I founded Caerus with a bunch of like-minded people, with the objective of identifying ways to solve complex problems, things like poverty, urban overstretch, energy shortage, and particularly conflict, understanding how those problems overlap and figuring out simple design-based solutions to resolving them. Design thinking is a way of thinking about problems, and it's a way of bringing in the environment where something's going to be used. And the people that are going to use it, and the system within which it's embedded, and wrapping all of that up into the production of a particular type of thing, an object or a product, or a service. I'll give you an example. Things that are happening in the rural areas around cities lead people to move into urban environments. And the urban environment can't handle the people that are now putting pressure on its infrastructure. And you end up with what we call peri-urban areas, so slums and shantytowns and a variety of different unplanned development happening around the outside of preexisting cities. So you can intervene to make things better by looking at the cluster of urban problems that result from that movement. And what we try to do is look at it as a whole system, and think where we can intervene in concert with local populations together. People talk about making things population-centric, but often we just pay lip service to that. We treat the population like she's a silent movie heroine tied to a railway track, and the bad guys are driving the train down the track. And she's like, "Help me!" You know, and we say, you know, "hang on, we'll rescue you." Our experience is it doesn't really work like that. You actually have to, no kidding, treat the population like they're the principal actor. They are the clients, and you have to work with them as an architect would work with a client to design a solution that really meets their needs. >> VOICEOVER: So what happens when smart design is applied to a tough problem? Look no further than the latrines of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The city is saddled with an overtaxed sewage system and thousands of overflowing pit latrines. But some engineers in Colorado have designed a solution that mitigates the need for central sewers, while also reducing disease. It's a clean answer to a messy question. This ViewChange film explains. >> TITLE: ViewChange >> TITLE: The Gulper, Rockhopper TV, Tanzania >> VOICEOVER: Only ten percent of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania's biggest city, is connected to the central sewage system. Eighty percent of the city's population lives in settlements that have sprung up without planning permission. They rely on a huge number of smelly, dirty and unsafe latrines. But a solution is at hand. Meet "The Gulper." These motor tricycles, and the equipment they carry, are transforming the way pit latrines are emptied here. In the past, sewage often ended up contaminating water supplies, particularly during the rainy season. >> ERNEST MAMUYA [Environment Health Officer]: You wouldn't get surprised if you were finding fecal matter rolling with the storm water. It was common. In those areas, we had a problem of widespread cholera and other infections related to the disposal of waste. >> VOICEOVER: The Gulper is designed to reach customers who live down even the narrowest streets. >> JULIUS CHISSENGO: We have gloves, masks, helmets, and gum boots. Then, when we arrive, we assess the toilet for any risks. >> VOICEOVER: Many of the latrines are unsafe because of the old way of emptying them. >> JULIUS CHISSENGO: We used to completely demolish the toilet to drain it. The owners would get upset because it was completely broken. >> VOICEOVER: Julius used to earn his living this way, and saw how dangerous it could be. >> JULIUS CHISSENGO: There was one time when our colleague died because the toilet collapsed in on him and covered him completely. >> VOICEOVER: It's The Gulper's pump that has made life safer and cleaner for Julius. It's not motorized, so it's easy to maintain. It's cheap and, above all, it's effective -- he can clean up to six latrines a day. All the sewage is removed, and very little spills on the ground. >> JULIUS CHISSENGO: We have a container that can hold fifty liters. We usually drain into this, and when it is full, we put it on a motorbike. Then we take it to a place specially designated to pour it all away, and that is that. >> VOICEOVER: There's another way the Gulper has made life sweeter for Julius: he's paid better. Yet customers pay less for the Gulper's services. And it's this affordability that's key to improving health for everyone living in the unplanned settlements. The more sewage that gets dumped centrally, the less risk there is to local people. Cholera is not the only disease in decline. >> ERNEST MAMUYA: The Gulper is getting rid of intestinal diseases: strongoloids, hookworms, tapeworms. There's a reduction of typhoid, amoebic dysentery. If the coverage increases, we are sure of reducing these infections quite a lot. >> TITLE: ViewChange >> VOICEOVER: Mobile sewers, super rats, and electric soccer balls. It's an almost unbelievable spectrum of ingenuity. But all these projects are very real. They're the result of business savvy; of irreverence toward the expected; and of design meeting need. Projects like these are turning aid work on its head, and turning heads in the business world too. That's the promise of social innovation. It's redefining the power of creativity in social causes, and it's blurring of the lines between what's good business, and what's just good. >> VOICEOVER: Want to learn more about innovation, design, or anything else you saw here? Head over to ViewChange.org/TV, where you could watch, read, and get involved in projects that are making a real difference. Watch the films you just saw, and over 400 more from around the world, at ViewChange.org/TV. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/where-the-water-meets-the-sky Written by Jordan Roberts (March of the Penguins) and narrated by Academy Award®-winner Morgan Freeman, Where the Water Meets the Sky tells the inspiring story of a group of women in a remote region of Northern Zambia who achieve the unimaginable: they learn how to make a film as a way to speak out about their lives, raising an issue that no one will discuss - the plight of young women orphaned by AIDS. Fri, 04 Nov 2011 08:23:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/where-the-water-meets-the-sky Zambia, Sub-Saharan Africa, Gender, Samfya, AIDS, Africa, Technology, AIDS orphan, Lake Bangweulu, HIV >> VOICEOVER: In a remote region in northern Zambia, deep in the Congo River Basin, is a lake with a perfect name. In the local language, they call this place "Bangweulu", which means, "Where the water meets the sky." Built along the shores of this lake is the town of Samfya. Home to mostly fishermen and their families, it is one of the poorest places in the country. Abibata Mahama and Dominique Chadwick are filmmakers and teachers, and this is their first time in Zambia. And they're traveling the 300 miles from the capital to find some new students. Their goal is simple - to bring together a group of women and girls and ask them to speak out about their lives. But they won't just be talking with each other. If the project succeeds, a group of women from Samfya will be heard by their entire community. And they'll be sharing their views in an altogether different way, using a tool that most here have never seen before. >> TITLE: Where the Water Meets the Sky >> ABIBATA MAHAMA [Project Co-Director]: When we got to Samfya, in northern Zambia, we decided to get a group of women and girls together from different backgrounds. >> VOICEOVER: The search for their new filmmaking students begins at a local high school. Here, the head teacher has found seven young women keen to join up. Their next stop is the Samfya market, where fresh fish and local produce are sold daily, mostly by women whose average income is less than a dollar a day. Here, they find two young women selling vegetables who agree to take part. Their final stop is a fishing camp on the edge of town, the poorest area in Samfya. The people here live in straw huts without electricity or running water. Very few have ever attended school, and most cannot read or write. At first, the women seem reluctant. But with a little encouragement from Mabel, the project coordinator, here too they have success. >> MAN: They're saying, "We've just come for the women", so we asked, "What about the men?" And they said, "No, no men, it's just for women." So we said, "Things will be difficult for us, looking after the children, washing, cooking for ourselves." But we're allowing them to go ahead and do their work. >> MABEL [Project Coordinator]: This Agnes, this is Anna, this is Lillian, then she is Beatrice, she is Anastasia, this is...I've forgotten your name. Doreen, okay, and this is Royda. So we have about seven from the fishing camp. Don't worry; we'll bring them back later today. >> DOMINIQUE CHADWICK [Project Co-Director]: I'm Dominique, and I work together with Abibata to run some training for women. We're going to teach you how to use a camera so you can make films that will tell your stories. Once you make a film, produce a film, you can show it to your family, then to your community, to your village, to the other communities in Zambia, and then to the outside world as well. This thing is a microphone, and it takes the sounds, what you hear. >> VOICEOVER: Only half the population of Samfya has electricity, there are no cinemas, and few people own televisions. Although most of the women in the group have never seen a camera or a microphone before, in just three weeks they will produce a film to show the people of Samfya. >> MWELWA [Project Coordinator]: This thing you see here, it records the sound. For example, what I'm saying now, this thing can capture it. >> ABIGAIL [Student]: In the beginning, I was scared of holding these things. I was even scared of getting close to them. But now I have learned they are not difficult to use. And I'm ready to work with them. My life has been like this: I was born in a rich family. But my father wasn't looking after my mother, so we decided to leave our village and went to live with my aunt. I noticed my mother started changing. Every now and again she would go into hospital. So, then in 1995, I think I was in grade two, my mother's illness got worse. So I said, "What are we going to do?" She said, "We'll just leave it alone and God will look after us." My grandfather said, "Daughter, your illness is getting worse. Please bring Abby so she can start living here." So that's how I went to live in Mabumba. One year went by. In 1997, we got a letter saying that my mother had passed away in Lubwe hospital. So I said to myself, "Now that my mother has died, what am I going to do?" And so I left the house and I went to the bush, where I stayed for two days. While I was there, I just cried. >> WOMAN: Through our suffering, we've looked after her. Whatever we had to eat, we shared with her. Whatever we had, we gave her, to make sure she grew up well. I want her to live well and be settled in life, to take care of herself and be independent. >> ABIBATA MAHAMA: So you position them and make sure that the camera doesn't face the sun. So put them somewhere, maybe there. >> BRIDGET [Student]: The thing that pleased me the most was how to use the camera for filming. I never knew how to use a camera. I would see people filming and just admire from afar. They would be showing off, not letting anyone touch it. Now I'm happy because I have learned how to use a camera. >> ABIBATA MAHAMA: Who else wants to take the camera, and what else does the person want to do? >> ANASTASIA: I want someone to go over there and talk. >> ABIBATA MAHAMA: Okay, so press the red. Ask her to press the red button. Good. You see that is dark, because they are in the shade. >> VOICEOVER: After their first introduction to the cameras, the group must now turn their attention to themselves. The women are encouraged to open up about their lives here in Samfya. >> MWELWA: Let's talk about issues for our film that could make a big impact. After we make the film we'll take it to the villages. It will bring a message and help teach people. Can you see us doing this? >> MWELWA: It was difficult for some of the women in the group, because they had never shared their life stories with anyone. In our Bemba tradition, from the time one is born, it is customary for women not to speak their minds in front of men. Women are not given the opportunity to speak out about their problems, or other things that affect people's lives in the villages, so they're not used to speaking out for themselves. >> MABEL: Ladies, we've come together to talk about the hardships we're going through. The problems that we go through, ladies, are many. We have to talk about them. So now is the time to be open. We don't get opportunities like this everyday. >> LYRIEN [Student]: I really wanted to go to school but my father died early, and there were ten of us, but my mother couldn't look after all of us so we were forced to get married early. All we have found in our marriages is suffering. >> AGNES [Student]: With AIDS you could be a married woman, sitting at home being faithful, while your husband sleeps around and brings you the illness. >> FRIEDA [Student]: What can we do so that this disease goes away? Children are suffering because their parents have brought this disease. What can we do to reduce the impact of parents dying from AIDS? Had it not been for the parents bringing in the illness, they wouldn't need to turn to prostitution and we wouldn't see our communities filled with orphans. >> FRIEDA: Because women here don't talk about the problems we're faced with, we've been held back. But if we spoke out about the problems we're faced with, it would lead to progress for the women in our society. I am happy to be a member of this group of women, because this group is helping us to talk to each other and to share ideas and explain the problems we are facing. It brings me a great deal of concern, this disease of AIDS. The reason I'm talking about this is because it's gripped my heart. If I were to die of AIDS, what would happen to my children? Will they be like those children of other dead parents who have to struggle with all sorts of problems and maybe become street kids because they don't have anyone to help them? All of these are challenges. >> VOICEOVER: It's their second day. The women must now focus on their film and decide which story it will tell. >> MWELWA: Now we should talk and tell each other stories, things that have happened to you, your family, or your friends. From all of these stories, we will choose one story that will suit us best. >> LYRIEN: In grade three, I was only allowed to stay for half the year. Then I was told, "You will no longer be going to school. You always come back late from school and it doesn't leave enough time for you to work at home." >> WOMAN: I left the village and came to my sister's place here in Samfya. I've been trying to earn money by selling fish but it has not been easy. >> VOICEOVER: As the women share stories from their lives, one story emerges which strikes a chord with them all. >> JOSEPHINE [Student]: My friend was born into a very happy and rich family, whereby the parents were able to support her with everything she needs at school. Just as she reached grade five, her parents died of AIDS. >> VOICEOVER: The story of Josephine's friend Penelope brings up an issue familiar to every member of the group: the plight of young women orphaned by AIDS. But in a community where AIDS is rarely spoken about in public, no one knows if Penelope will be willing to talk about her experience, especially in front of a camera. Penelope is a student at a local high school. The group asks Mabel, the project coordinator, to try and find her. >> MABEL: So are you okay with being open and telling your story? >> PENELOPE [Student]: Let me tell my friends to look after my books. >> MABEL: You don't need to be afraid; you can be open with them. You can explain everything. Are you ready? >> PENELOPE: My name is Penelope. I was born into a rich family. My parents died a long time ago, when I was in grade five. When I joined this group, I explained everything that had happened to me. I came from a great family. My father was a miner. He became ill when I was eight years old, and then he died. One year passed, and then my mother died. Before she died, she explained that she too was going to die. She said, "Your father's death certificate says he died of AIDS, so I'm also going to die of AIDS." She died when I was ten. After my mom died, we didn't have a source of food, so my older sister started taking what was left in the house and exchanged it for food. After everything in the house was sold, she started sleeping with men who would provide us with food. After that, my sister also became sick and died. When my sister died, my aunty came to get us to go and live with her in a fishing camp. >> PENELOPE: My uncle would go fishing, and when he came back, we had to take the fish to the market. >> VOICEOVER: With Penelope now a member of the group, filming can soon begin. Their film will raise issues that affect them all. >> FRIEDA: Penelope's story is similar to mine because when she lost her father they grabbed all the property and left them with nothing. That's the same thing that happened to me. >> BRIDGET: I was seven years old when my father died. My father's family came and took everything. Everything. So when I heard what had happened to Penelope, I felt really bad, and I thought, "I'm not the only one this has happened to." >> ABIGAIL: I know that many of us here in this group have lost both parents to AIDS. Both my parents are gone. Victoria lost her parents; Josephine's lost her parents. Bridget lost her father and Exildah lost her parents too. >> MWELWA: The way I see it, it's not easy for Penelope to reveal how her parents died of AIDS. But our friend is courageous enough to stand in front of our group and is prepared to share her story. >> ABIBATA MAHAMA: We asked you to think about somebody who is between twelve and thirteen years who looks like Penelope. Can you see their faces? Do they look alike? This is Cindy, and in their drama Cindy is going to act Penelope when Penelope was between twelve and thirteen. >> PENELOPE: So you will act the part when my parents died from AIDS. You take your bags and go live in the fishing camp. There you will catch fish with your aunt. So you will act these parts and I will follow up when I'm older. >> CINDY [Actress]: Now is this a true story? >> DOMINIQUE CHADWICK: Yes, it's her story. I think you look enough alike. Thank you, that'll be great. >> VOICEOVER: The filming of Penelope's story begins, and they're heading to the fishing camp, home to some of the women from the group. Their camp is a perfect setting for a scene from Penelope's life. After her parents died she went to live with her aunt in a camp much like this one. >> MABEL: Hello, nice to see you again. >> ABIBATA MAHAMA: How did you collect this, with your hands? >> PENELOPE: With my hands. You will start throwing them there. After finishing sweeping, she could be throwing them there. >> LYRIEN: Action! >> MABEL: Make sure you don't cut off her head. Point up, point up. >> ABIBATA MAHAMA: Because the person whose story is being told is around, we make sure that she checks because it is her story. She owns the story, so she checks to make sure that everything that is being said is authentic. >> PENELOPE: I've even explained to my brother that, well, he should look so sad to show that life has changed. You have moved into a community - to a fishing camp - so life has changed. So you have to show sadness. They have done very well, they have done very well. >> DOMINIQUE CHADWICK: So you must tell them. You must say thanks. >> PENELOPE: Thank you, you've done great work. >> TITLE: Agnes >> AGNES: Today was really great because I took my first photograph. I was really happy that I could learn to zoom in and out, what to press, how to open the lens in front, and how to switch it on. That made me really happy. I asked them to show my husband what I had filmed, and they showed him, and he said, "Wow, did she do that?" And they told him, "Yes". He said, "She has learned," and I felt really good. Penelope's story is similar to mine. The death of her parents reminded me of when my dad died. I really wanted to go to school, but my mother was alone and couldn't send me. For Penelope as well, she didn't have support to go to school, so her story touched me. There are lots of problems here, like buying clothes and blankets for my children, and now one should be in school, but she can't and this hurts me. We had her registered and she wants to start school, but we can't afford a uniform. At school they don't take children unless they have a uniform. I wish all the children here could go to school. It would be good if they could work in offices. We won't have the chance, but they should. They should progress in life. >> DOMINIQUE CHADWICK: So what do you do when the camera is not straight? You just undo that and you hold the camera. >> MAKUKA: Oh baby! She doesn't want her mommy off having fun. >> DOMINIQUE CHADWICK: Is that your baby? >> MAKUKA: Yeah, yeah. >> DOMINIQUE CHADWICK: You go and feed him, feed her. Who wants to do camera? >> ABIBATA MAHAMA: People settle on different things. Some people will automatically say that, "I want to be on the camera." Somebody will say, "I want to be the sound person"; "I want to be the director." So they don't all go for one thing. >> DOMINIQUE CHADWICK: When you think it's ready, you say, "Action," quite loud. >> MAKUKA: Action! >> ABIBATA MAHAMA: Take control. >> ELIZABETH [Student]: No! >> ABIBATA MAHAMA: Director, take control. Find out whether your sound is okay, your camera's okay. >> MAKUKA: Are we recording? >> ABIBATA MAHAMA: Please go back. Then you ask your cameraperson to roll before you say "Action". >> MAKUKA: Oh, I thought it was just a try. >> ABIBATA MAHAMA: No, no. We are going for a take now. >> MAKUKA: We are recording. >> ABIBATA MAHAMA: Okay, okay. So ask everybody to stand by. >> MAKUKA: Be on standby, please! Action! >> ABIBATA MAHAMA: I can see that they are progressing, and they are happy, and they are eager. They are using technology to tell their own story, and they're really happy about it. I'm very optimistic that at the end of the day they will have a very good story that they will be proud of. And we will also be proud of them. >> DOMINIQUE CHADWICK: Shout, "Cut!" >> MAKUKA: Cut! >> ELIZABETH: That's what we want! >> VOICEOVER: The next location is the Samfya market, a challenging place for filmmakers, especially for those with only a few days' experience. >> ABIBATA MAHAMA: Directors, once the camera is recording, you people shouldn't be talking. When you go back and you play, you see that all your noise will be there. And when you are actually filming, you don't need that. So once she says, "Sound ready. Camera ready. The actor is ready" and you say, "Record. Action", all the crewmembers should stop talking. And the one controlling the crowd, if there's somebody making unnecessary noise, you go and drive those people away. >> VOICEOVER: After moving in with her aunt, Penelope had no choice but to leave school and sell fish in the market. But she would earn very little money. By this time, her situation had become desperate. >> PENELOPE: At the market, I would bump into my friends who were also orphans. They said, "You are wasting your time here at the market." I saw how well they looked and I thought I could join them. I thought maybe if I go into the same work as my friends it might help me. But my friends hadn't told me what work they were doing. That's when they showed me the house and said, "This is where you should come." I became a prostitute when I was 14 years old. What made me become a prostitute was hunger at home. I didn't want to be a prostitute, but the hardship had become extreme so I did what my friends were doing. The men didn't treat me very well. When I said, "Let's use a condom," they would be very difficult. They would say, "What makes you think you're so special?" When I saw that I wasn't earning enough money with the condoms I could have started doing it without using them, like my friends. Maybe now I would be sick, like my friends. Prostitution is a big problem here in Samfya because there are so many orphans. There's so much AIDS here, it's as if it was born here. When AIDS takes the parents then their children suffer, then they become prostitutes, and if they have children, it will just continue. When people see this film they will see the truth. This gives me the strength to continue with this work. Sometimes I want to stop because what I am acting is difficult, but then I think, "I'm not the only one that this has happened to." There are others who are going through the same situation. Let this film teach them. >> VOICEOVER: With help from Benjamin Chama, the headmaster of a local school, Penelope's ordeal came to an end. >> BENJAMIN CHAMA: I've seen so many girls fall into this trap of trying to get money. They go into bars, they will stay in the bars with their friends, they will be abused so much, and they will end up maybe getting HIV/AIDS and it will result in death, most of the time. When I first met Penelope, she was in a group of friends. I think those friends did not really want to have anything to do with me because they knew I was headmaster of a school. But Penelope stopped, I could see that she was quite a polite child and maybe she had just gone wayward because of the influence of the friends. So I offered that she should come back into school, and I could see the radiance in her face. This is a child that was very, very happy! I have in the school, a school of about 1,700 pupils, about 500 orphaned children here. And most of these, you know, it's as a result of HIV and AIDS. As the school head, I have now become a counselor to these children, because I think they need to be given encouragement that they can continue, despite losing their parents. My greatest hope is that every child in this school will finish their education. That will be, I think, I will die a happy man. >> STUDENTS: [Singing] Stand and sing of Zambia, proud and free, land of work and joy in unity. Victors in the struggle for their rights. We've won freedom's fight. All one, strong and free. >> VOICEOVER: With only a few days left before they show their film to the people of Samfya, the women double their efforts to finish on time. >> ABIBATA MAHAMA: It's really amazing - you see that in the first place, they are coming from different backgrounds. They don't know the people they are coming to work with. But once you bring them together, then there's a kind of unity, a kind of force among them. The women we bring together, they have to believe and trust that we can guide them to come out with a film at the end of the day. >> JOSEPHINE: Action! >> PENELOPE: How are you? >> MAN: What are you doing? Don't you know that prostitution can lead to HIV? >> CHRISTINE: Is this one your brother? >> PENELOPE: He's my brother. >> CHRISTINE: I want to tell you that there's nothing like that. >> DOMINIQUE CHADWICK: Okay, what was the sound like? >> FRIEDA: Nice. >> DOMINIQUE CHADWICK: Nice? Okay. >> ABIBATA MAHAMA: And we have to believe that no matter where they are coming from, the skills that they are going to be given, they can use it to get their voices heard. >> BRIDGET: I've seen a big change in myself because before this group I didn't know how to find a story, or how to find out about other people's lives, how to ask questions. I've never had this kind of strength, but now that I've been in this group I can stand up and talk in front of people in English or in Bemba. I can talk and they can hear me. Now I can do it and I won't even be shaking. >> DOMINIQUE CHADWICK: The VCT scene is a very, very important scene in the film because it will inform people of the urgency to be tested. >> VOICEOVER: Samfya has one the highest rates of HIV infection in all of Zambia, a country where one in six adults lives with the disease. Life expectancy here is under 40. The group has come to a local clinic to film the last major scene of Penelope?s story. She came here as a 16-year-old to be tested for HIV. >> PENELOPE: I was 16 years old when I realized that it is important for me to go for the test at the VCT Center. Because I know that through my background, I was a prostitute, and I realized that the men I was sleeping with, I couldn't tell just by looking at them. So, in order for me to be free in mind, I should go and have a test. >> DOMINIQUE CHADWICK: Okay. Action! >> NURSE: How are you? >> PENELOPE: I'm okay, how are you? >> NURSE: I'm fine, thank you. So, you've come for the test. There's one thing I want to find out from you. Have you ever been exposed to any risk factors? >> PENELOPE: Yes. >> NURSE: Was there protection or there was no protection? What I mean is, were you using a condom, or were you not using a condom, each time you used to have sexual intercourse? >> ABIBATA MAHAMA: People have gotten to know other people and they are becoming friends, becoming a family, so it's not that she's just acting, but we have feelings attached to it. And people are sharing her pains; people are sharing everything that she went through. Because she is reliving all that she went through, and that is not easy for her to have gone through that and now reliving it for the film to be made. >> NURSE: Okay. Your results are out. Are you ready for your results? >> PENELOPE: Yes. >> NURSE: Okay, here you are. I see that it says "one", that means it is HIV negative. >> PENELOPE: Yes. >> NURSE: So what do you understand about HIV -- >> MAN: There is an event this evening, at 7:00pm tonight, a film made by women from Samfya. For those of you who like joy and learning, at 7:00pm tonight, a film will be shown, made by women here in Samfya. The film is called, "I've Found My Way." >> VOICEOVER: On the day of the film's first showing, the women decide to get the word out on their own. >> PENELOPE: At 7:00pm there will be a film shown tonight. It tells the story of how orphans are mistreated and what our community can do about the problem. >> ABIGAIL: This film is made by the Samfya Women Filmmakers. We are teaching one another, and we're teaching our friends. >> MWELWA: We don't know how people will react after seeing our film, or how they will look at us as a group, and especially how they will respond to our friend whose story we are telling. >> WOMAN: If you have time, we hope you can come and watch it at the high school. >> VOICEOVER: With only a few hours before the screening of their film, Penelope returnS to the village where she lived with her parents, to the place where her family home once stood. >> PENELOPE: When my parents were alive my life was good. I'll never forget how close we were with my father's relatives, but when death came to my parents, my father's family changed. They came and took our beds so we had to sleep on the floor. We used to have a TV and a stereo, and although the house didn't have any electricity, those things made the house look good. The fact that they grabbed everything wasn't easy, but what could we do apart from accept what's been done? I would like my father's family who grabbed our property to see my story. This is my cousin. This is my auntie, the sister to my father. We are going to show a film about what happened to me at the high school at 7:00pm tonight. Will you be able to come and see it? >> WOMAN [Penelope's Aunt]: I can't come because I am too busy. The farmland your father left is a long way off and I don't have time. >> PENELOPE: I just pretend to be happy when I'm near them. If you could get inside my head when I sat with them, then you could have seen what I was thinking. The thought of them grabbing our property still haunts me. When I'm talking to them I can still picture them taking things from our house. That's what's stayed in my mind; I don't know how to get rid of it. >> VOICEOVER: At Penelope's request, their film's premiere will take place at a local school. It will be the first film ever produced in Samfya. >> ABIBATA MAHAMA: It's really brave of her. Not everybody in this school knows Penelope's story. But today, after the screening, everybody will leave knowing that, "Oh, this is what she's gone through." >> ABIGAIL: When I think about how Penelope has shown us all her suffering, I want to urge people to give her the respect she wants and deserves. It has been difficult for her to tell her story. It is not easy to tell people what you've been through, but I'm hopeful that people will respect her for it. >> PENELOPE: I'm Penelope and I'm from Samfya in northern Zambia. My parents were very supportive and loving. But one day, my father died of AIDS and that's when my mother disclosed to us, me and my brother, that she is also going to die. It is so difficult to believe that your beloved one has died. Then, our auntie came and she offered to take me in her fishing community, but my aunt didn't have enough income to support me to school, so I had to start selling fish at the market. My friends, who are also orphans, they've engaged themselves in prostitution. When those friends came, they passed through the market and they started saying that, "We are making a lot of money". So I was eventually convinced to join them in prostitution. I was in prostitution for three months, but I wasn't a happy prostitute. My auntie wanted me to stop prostitution so she went to see the head teacher. So one day, I met him in town. He said that if I'm ready to stop prostitution, he could help me in school. >> BENJAMIN CHAMA: I met your aunt yesterday. She came to see me at the office. She's very, you know, worried about you. Are you willing to come back to school, Penelope? >> PENELOPE: "I'm very much willing, sir. If that could happen, I could be the happiest person in the world!" Because I engaged myself in prostitution, I was worried that I might be infected with AIDS. So I decided to go to the VCT Center to be tested. >> NURSE: So what do you understand about HIV negative result? >> PENELOPE: In my body, you have not found the germ [virus] that causes AIDS. >> PENELOPE: So now I'm back at school. I'm now a changed person. It was because of poverty that I left school and engaged in prostitution. I'm now very happy because I have a future. My story needs to be told to show people how vulnerable orphans are, and nobody should take advantage of them. >> VOICEOVER: As the film draws to an end, the women sense an opportunity. Without prompting, they take to the stage one by one. >> FRIEDA: All the people who made the film are here, and you can start asking questions. >> WOMAN 1: From what I've heard, when you have HIV/AIDS your life is very short. Is it true? >> PENELOPE: Yes, this is true, but the problem is us young people are scared of the VCT Center. We think it's just for adults. But as the film showed, young people like us can go there too. >> WOMAN 2: This shows us that leaving the house and going into prostitution is a very bad thing. Prostitution involves some real dangers. You can get all kinds of sickness and it can end in death. >> ABIBATA MAHAMA: I don't think most of them will ever forget today. Most of them spoke so confidently, and it's all part of what the whole filmmaking and advocacy is all about. Build their confidence up so that their confidently talk about contributing to change attitudes. And I think it's really working. >> FRIEDA: We appreciate your comments; we'd like to hear more. >> BENJAMIN CHAMA: That was very nice, you know, that film that we watched. I want to thank you for being very brave. Thank you for a job well done. Thank you. >> VOICEOVER: With the success of their premiere, other screenings soon follow across Samfya. >> PENELOPE: At the end, people were passing some comments and I was happy that the comments they were passing, they were good. They didn't know that in Samfya, there would be a group like this. >> BENJAMIN CHAMA: The things you've seen do happen in our village, right? Especially to orphans, when property is grabbed from them. >> MAN: This film is very good. Next time, I would like even more information. >> PENELOPE: I'm proud because we want to make a difference. So even my fellow friends, they are proud. >> WOMAN: Stop making noise! We're really thankful for being shown this film. We never expected to see a film like this in Samfya and we really want to thank the people who made it. >> VOICEOVER: After their screenings in town, the women have one important audience left to face. They bring their film back to the people of the fishing camp, to the husbands and children of their fellow filmmakers. >> PENELOPE: Making a film about your life story is not easy, but if you really put your heart into it you can explain everything, because if you keep something to yourself it becomes a burden on your heart. But if you share it with people it becomes lighter. Because of our film, by telling my story, and showing the film to people, my heart has slowly, slowly started to open up. Because of this, I started forgiving my father's relatives. People say, you never forget, but I'm putting the past behind me. >> AGNES: I want to thank those people who picked us up. We never imagined that we would do what we have done, and for that we are on our knees. >> MAN 1: This group has been really good, and they've enlightened us. We've seen firsthand what happens when you leave a child and the child is suffering. I want to say thank you. You who have come to visit us have brought us happiness; you've left us with joy. >> MAN 2: Orphans like me used to shed tears when we saw other kids with their parents, seeing them happy together. This used to bring us misery thinking back to those times when we were with our parents who we've lost. I really want to thank this group, and I'm left speechless. And I ask this group, are we going to see you again? >> SIGN: Sweet After Sweat Shopping Center >> AGNES: This project has brought joy to us women in Samfya, especially us women in the Samfya Women Filmmakers. People in other areas who are not in this group are really envious, and they say they want to join us. Others came to us and said, "It's great what you're doing. You should make more films, you shouldn't stop." I'm hoping this group will continue. Just like a fire, when it's burning, it should keep on burning. >> TITLE: Abigail graduated from high school. She hopes to study business in Zambia's capital, Lusaka. Cindy is finishing primary school. She wants to be a lawyer one day. Frieda cares for three young relatives and her five-year-old daughter. She wants to be a teacher and hopes to begin training soon. Agnes has started her own small business selling vegetables. She is now in school taking literacy classes. Bridget cares for her sister's three young children and her own daughter. She has been elected secretary of the group and is studying social work. Penelope graduated from high school. She has started her own small business and hopes to start teacher training soon. >> TITLE: The Samfya Women Filmmakers went on to show their film to over 3,000 people across their community. The group is already at work on their next film, a documentary about child marriage. This project was made possible by The Campaign for Female Education. For more information about how you can help educate and empower girls and women in rural Africa, visit www.camfed.org. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-edge-of-joy Nigeria, Africa's most populous country, has the second-highest number of maternal deaths in the world. The Edge of Joy follows doctors, midwives, nurses, and public health educators as they fight maternal death on every front, from preemptive family planning education to expanded blood transfusion services. Mon, 24 Oct 2011 08:06:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-edge-of-joy Nigeria, West Africa, Maternal health, Health, Reproductive health, Pregnancy, Maternal death, Family planning, Blood transfusion, Islam >> TITLE: Hafliwa Maganin Mutuwa >> TITLE: "Birth is the medicine for death" - Hausa Proverb >> TITLE: Kano, Nigeria >> KABIRU IBRAHIM: At about 5:30am, my wife Aisha gave birth at home. I rushed to borrow a car from my friend and took her and the baby to the local hospital. >> AISHA AMIRU: Aisha was bleeding. I poured lots of water over her. But it didn't help, and the bleeding got worse. Honestly, when we brought her to the hospital, in her own words she kept saying she was going to die, she was going to die. >> TITLE: Brown Doggy Pictures, in association with Woodlawn Avenue Productions, present: The Edge of Joy. >> VOICEOVER: Nigeria is Africa's most populous country. Its 140 million citizens are divided almost equally between Muslims in the dry desert north and Christians in the lush south. Nigeria is a land of extremes. The West African country is blessed with some of the world's richest natural resources, and is best known as America's fifth largest oil supplier. But this isn't the story of oil. This is the untold story of more than 36,000 Nigerian women who die each year while trying to have babies. This is the second highest number of maternal deaths in the world. Battling this daily crisis are Nigerian families and healthcare professionals working on the frontlines of maternal health. >> TITLE: Kano, Northern Nigeria >> SIGN: Murtala Mohammed Specialist Hospital >> SIGN: Labor room >> DR. BELLO DIKKO [Chief of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Murtala Mohammed Specialist Hospital]: So you are welcome to the labor room of Murtala Mohammed Specialist Hospital. It's one of the busiest maternity centers you can find in all of West Africa. There is at least an average of 30 deliveries in 24 hours, normal deliveries. >> VOICEOER: Dr. Bello Dikko is head of obstetrics and gynecology at Murtala Mohammed Specialist Hospital in the northern Islamic state of Kano, one of the most difficult and dangerous regions in which to be a woman. >> SIGN: Dawn shall not fall twice on a woman in labor >> TITLE: Sakina Muhammed: mother of two, in labor with twins >> AISHA BUKAR [Nurse Midwife]: I was trying to explain to her that she should bear down because she is carrying a multiple pregnancy. >> VOICEOVER: Sakina delivered her first two children at home. More than half of Nigerian women give birth outside the hospital. During this pregnancy, Sakina heard radio messages about free maternity services for prenatal care and delivery, and told her husband Muhammed. >> MUHAMMED MAKA [Sakina's Husband]: My name is Muhammed Maka. At home there is the possibility of encountering problems, so going to the hospital has its advantages. >> AISHA BUKAR: We notice she's very weak, so we set up IV 5 percent dextrose for her. >> MUHAMMED MAKA: I brought my wife Sakina to the hospital on a Saturday, and she gave birth to twins on Sunday. The first twin was a girl. >> AISHA BUKAR: No contractions, nothing. So we add just a little pitocin for her in order to encourage her to start having the pains so that she can expel the [second] fetus. >> DR. BELLO DIKKO: Because of the associated complications, the second delivery should not exceed five to ten minutes. >> AISHA BUKAR: She was telling me that the presenting part of that patient, the second twin, is breach [feet first] presentation. >> DR. BELLO DIKKO: Breach delivery, especially in a multiple pregnancy, is a very complicated delivery. There is a need for a qualified OB/GYN doctor. >> AISHA BUKAR: We even called the doctor but he was not here. But if she is about to deliver we can take the delivery. We do it. >> DR. BELLO DIKKO: The team on call -- we usually have four. Two of them must be on the ground, the doctor on duty and the first on call. So if these two are on the ground, they may likely be in the theater. So what will happen is they cannot unscrub. That is an emergency. This is an emergency. >> SIGN: Post-partum hemorrhage >> DR. BELLO DIKKO: Hemorrhage in obstetrics is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality. >> MUHAMMED MAKA: Sakina labored in pain before the second baby was born. It was close to an hour before the boy was born. He came forth having problems. >> AISHA BUKAR: He has very severe aesphesia. We need oxygen now and we don't have oxygen. I don't want the baby to die. I don't want her to miss that baby. That is why I try with all my effort to be able to help her or to help the baby too. We cannot leave him like this. He has to see a pediatric doctor. The [pediatric] unit is far. >> SIGN: Emergency Pediatric Unit >> MUHAMMED MAKA: My son needed medical attention, and we rushed into the emergency pediatric ward. >> VOICEOVER: While the second twin was being stabilized, Sakina's condition worsened. She was diagnosed with post-partum hemorrhage. >> FARIDA BABALLE [Head Nurse-Midwife, Murtala Mohammed Specialist Hospital]: She lost a lot of blood. She's a bit anemic. She has to receive a blood transfusion. They gave her this bio-plasma, about two liters, and then they gave her normal saline. I think with that, it can take her up to six hours. One of our main problems here is how to get blood. The husband has to go and donate. Before, we normally asked the Red Cross, they mobilized people to come and donate blood to the hospital. But now, due to HIV, we stopped. They have to go and check the blood group of the husband. Then they compare it to see if it's the same as hers. If it's not the same blood group -- >> MAN: "A" positive. Not the same. >> FARIDA BABALLE: -- the husband must buy the blood. So all these things take time, and delay, and it causes the death of the woman. That is the largest cause of death of the women here. >> VOICEOVER: Muhammed's search for Sakina's rare blood type took him to surrounding hospitals and private blood suppliers. One pint of blood costs 10,000 Naira, or USD$68. The average Nigerian makes about USD$94 a month. >> TITLE: Three hours later >> SIGN: Blood bag >> DR. BELLO DIKKO: It is really disheartening to see a patient dying from a preventable cause. As far as I'm concerned, hemorrhage is a preventable cause. >> SIGN: Murtala Mohammed Specialist Hospital >> VOICEOVER: Sakina received a blood transfusion in time to save her life. >> TITLE: Two days later >> TITLE: Sakina and Muhammed's second twin >> TITLE: Fatima, Sakina's mother >> WOMAN: I don't think the baby is alive. I don't think. >> MUHAMMED MAKA: We have a teaching in the religion of Islam that states, "What Allah gives, belongs to him. And what he takes also belongs to him." All of us are from Allah, and at some point, sooner or later, we shall all return to Allah. Even though we know it hurts, we can only accept its outcome. >> WOMAN: Now on examination there is color, she is pink, not dehydrated. Then the BP is 100/70 so at least it's okay. >> VOICEOVER: After eight days in the hospital, Sakina and her surviving twin daughter went home. >> TITLE: Oyo, Southern Nigeria >> SIGN: College of Medicine, University of Ibadan >> VOICEOVER: Professor Oladosu Ojengbede is Director of the Center for Population and Reproductive Health. He is one of the continent's premier women's health physicians. >> PROFESSOR OLADOSU A. OJENGBEDE [Center for Population and Reproductive Health]: One of the reasons I got into medicine was that obstetrics was a very practical subject. There's a problem, you see it, you solve it, you're happy, the family's happy, everybody's happy. I lost my mom when I was very young. I was only three years old. I saw there were very grave challenges you face when you don't have a mom. >> TITLE: Professor Oladosu a. Ojengbede, Center for Population and Reproductive Health, University College Hospital, University of Ibadan >> PROFESSOR OLADOSU A. OJENGBEDE: Most of our women live in rural areas. And so most of the births take place outside big cities. And if most births take place in rural areas, then that is where we must work. When I'm down in some villages and you think, "Could this be happening to human beings?" You become very emotional. And you feel like shedding tears. >> SIGN: Akinyele Local Government, Maternity Center, Mele >> PROFESSOR OLADOSU A. OJENGBEDE: But then you quickly remember that, look, this is something that needs to be resolved. And you are one of those who have made up their mind to resolve it. >> VOICEOVER: Professor Ojengbede is pioneering low tech and affordable health solutions. He says these innovative tools are essential to keep women from dying of preventable causes. >> WOMAN: So this is the garment we have brought that helps to save women's lives. >> VOICEOVER: One of the most effective life-saving solutions is the anti-shock garment. This full-body suit, first conceived of by NASA, is being adapted for hemorrhaging women. The professor and an international team of colleagues have proven this suit can be used to treat shock by shunting blood from the extremities and back to vital organs. Bleeding to death is the number one killer of pregnant women, including those who live in this remote village of Mele. >> PROFESSOR OLADOSU A. OJENGBEDE: In a remote area like Mele, to get immediate access to superior care may be a challenge. Mele actually in full means, "Mele-mu-cu," which means, "I will not choose death." I love the name of this village, because what we're here for is to prevent death and promote life. >> PROFESSOR OLADOSU A. OJENGBEDE: Hello! How are you and the baby? Is the baby sleeping? >> RACHEL OLATUNJI [Pregnant with fifth child]: Yes, the baby is sleeping. >> PROFESSOR OLADOSU A. OJENGBEDE: We saw a couple. The wife is currently pregnant, and she had a two-year-old baby on her back, with scabies infections on the head and arm. >> PROFESSOR OLADOSU A. OJENGBEDE: What is his name? >> RACHEL OLATUNJI: Matthew. >> PROFESSOR OLADOSU A. OJENGBEDE: Matthew! This is scabies. >> PROFESSOR OLADOSU A. OJENGBEDE: This woman says she has five kids, and indeed the current pregnancy was really not planned for. And the question was, if it was not planned for, how come they couldn't prevent it? >> TITLE: Olurim Olatunji, Rachel's Husband >> PROFESSOR OLADOSU A. OJENGBEDE: According to the gentleman, he said, "Well, I'd rather stay with my wife than go out to find another wife for sexual responsibility." It is global knowledge that the higher the number of births beyond five, the risk increases, but even doubles from five or more. And the closer the pregnancies are, shorter than two years between birth and the beginning of another pregnancy, the higher the risk. Not just for the woman, but also for the born baby and the previous births, because they are all related. >> RACHEL OLATUNJI: I have tried on my own to prevent pregnancy, but it is to no avail. Unfortunately, I wind up with unplanned pregnancies. >> VOICEOVER: Rachel, like most Nigerian women, has five children. For Rachel, like most, at least one of those pregnancies is unplanned. >> RACHEL OLATUNJI: I am very fertile. I tried to abort a pregnancy on my own with local herbs. I started having severe diarrhea, and I lost a lot of weight. I almost died. After a while, it became evident that I was still pregnant, so I started prenatal care and I accepted my fate. >> TITLE: Sunday morning church service >> ELIZABETH ADESINA [Community Birth Attendant]: When we speak of family planning, the husbands think this is a secret way of encouraging their wives to be unfaithful and start sleeping around. But if the emphasis is on preserving their wives' lives and the care of their children, they will understand. >> PROFESSOR OLADOSU A. OJENGBEDE: The men in this village are eager to improve the reproductive life of their families. >> PROFESSOR OLADOSU A. OJENGBEDE: What do we do -- what do we know so that we can make love to our wives but not have pregnancy occur? First, you can use tablets. If you use condoms all the time, they are very effective. >> PROFESSOR OLADOSU A. OJENGBEDE: We are seeking a dialogue with the men today, to have an in-depth introduction in contraception, how it impacts on health, how it impacts on the family, on income, on development. >> MAN: If a person can calculate the days very well, can there be a mistake between this time and this time for ovulation to take place? >> PROFESSOR OLADOSU A. OJENGBEDE: Well, we didn't create this place where the egg comes from, and though there's a time range, it can vary. That is why it is better not to take the risk at all. So if you're waiting for that time, and you really want to make love to your wife, what are you going to do? There's nothing you can do to satisfy the need so that a man cannot wait! And if the wife says at that very moment, "Wait, you said we shouldn't get pregnant," the man can't think right! We should not guess. We should have a decisive method. >> VOICEOVER: Every Thursday morning in Mele, preacher and community birth attendant Elizabeth Adesina opens her prenatal class with a prayer. >> TITLE: Elizabeth Adesina, Community Birth Attendant >> PROFESSOR OLADOSU A. OJENGBEDE: Faith-based practices probably see more patients in this country than the public sector facilities, simply because they provide the services within the context of understanding the values and the norms of the community they are serving. >> ELIZABETH ADESINA: Glory be to your name that she will not suffer. We will always praise your name, Father, in Jesus' name, amen. >> TITLE: Kano, Northern Nigeria >> FARIDA BABALLE: I started practicing midwifery in 1986, almost twenty-something years as a midwife. I was posted here October 2007. I was on leave at that time. When I came down there, they said they are taking me to the labor room. I said, "I don't want labor room now. All my years of service, my experience, has finished in the labor room, so please can you change me now so that I can have another area." They said no. They wanted me to be here. "We need something from you to come out and implement it here for us." I said, "It's okay." That is how God willed for me to help my fellow women. So when I came back, I sat down and said, "Oh," I asked them, "What are your statistics?" So I took three years of the register. I picked three things. What is the problem there, in the ward? And I write what my observation is there. So from that, we'll do our own assessment. This will tell us if it's the problem of the midwife, the problem of the doctors, or the problem of the community. >> FARIDA BABALLE: You see, January of last year we had eleven maternal deaths. So you know there is a problem here. >> VOICEOVER: Women die in the north because their culture often forbids them from travelling without a male escort, even when they're bleeding to death. Aisha Ibrahim, who gave birth to her eighth child at home, is one of them. In fact, knowing this precept, her husband Kabiru stayed with her. >> KABIRU IBRAHIM [Aisha's Husband]: My wife Aisha bled too much with her last two deliveries. So I made sure during this delivery I would stay close by to support her. >> VOICEOVER: But in the midst of the crisis, his car broke down, and he left to repair it. Stranded and hemorrhaging blood, Aisha had to wait for her father-in-law's permission to take a taxi to Farida's hospital with another male relative. >> AISHA AMIRU [Aisha Ibrahim's Sister-in-law]: I was there. They said she had lost so much blood. There was no more blood, that her blood was all gone. Honestly, when we brought her to the hospital, in her own words she kept saying she was going to die, she was going to die. >> NURSE: We checked her BP [blood pressure]. The BP is 70/query [too low to measure]. Some patients even die with that. >> FARIDA BABALLE: They just come at their dying minutes. They set a drip-normal saline and isoplasma for her. Then we applied the anti-shock garment. Then once you put it on, within a short time, when you check the vital signs, you find there is BP, there is pulse. The woman is coming back. >> DR. BELLO DIKKO: The anti-shock garment is just a way of buying time before you can procure blood for the transfusion of this woman. >> FARIDA BABALLE: The time that we didn't have this anti-shock garment, the woman will just go, will just die, because there is nothing we can do to help her. The only thing we can do is just to elevate the foot off the bed. Apart from that, there is nothing we can do. >> VOICEOVER: Aisha's husband, Kabiru Ibrahim, is a taxi driver in Kano and a father of thirteen. >> KABIRU IBRAHIM: When I arrived here at Murtala Mohammed Specialist Hospital, they told me about the garment they applied to control the bleeding. Then they told me she was in need of blood. >> NURSE 1: The blood is her immediate need. >> KABIRU IBRAHIM: My brother and I searched all around for her blood type. But there was none available. My calmness was rattled, of course. I was thinking, before I'm able to find the blood, I would return to find her dead. I was grateful to Allah that I had the means to purchase the blood, but it was nowhere to be found. >> NURSE 1: The minute she came, we took her blood sample for relations to go look for her blood. But still yet you can see, how many hours ago? No blood yet. >> VOICEOVER: After searching for five hours, Kabiru found two pints of Aisha's blood type. >> NURSE 2: Blood pressure is 120/80 -- it's normal. >> HALIMA BEN UMAR [PATHS2]: She was telling me how this was the worst, she suffered the most out of all the seven she had. Then I said, "Have you thought about family planning, I mean child spacing?" Then she said, "Yeah...ah, uh huh. Is it something you can do?" She said her husband would not allow her to stop giving birth. I said, "No, I'm not saying stop, I'm just saying space." Islamically, it is wrong for you to say you want to have two children, you want to have four, but Islamically you can space. >> FARIDA BABALLE: The reason why most of our people don't believe in this family planning is because sometimes they misquote religion. They say God has said, "Deliver us many and they multiply the world." >> HALIMA BEN UMAR: Sometimes I felt maybe should I talk about family planning? But I know I spaced my children. If I hadn't, I would probably have had fifteen. That would have been disastrous. >> FARIDA BABALLE: I hope a lot of things that happen will change. >> HALIMA BEN UMAR: The change is coming gradually. But I think we need to move a little faster than the rate we are moving. Islam moves with civilization. >> FARIDA BABALLE: Yes, this is what I think. >> VOICEOVER: Kano is one of the twelve northern states in Nigeria governed by Islamic law, or Sharia. Daily life in this ancient city revolves around Islamic culture. Improving reproductive health requires a delicate interplay between Islam and modern medicine. >> SIGN: Allah is the greatest >> HALIMA BEN UMAR: In this part of the country, you need to work with the religious leaders. If you want to achieve your objectives, your aims, then you need to look at, what does Islam say? How do you do it so that it becomes more acceptable? For me, I have always been an advocate of family planning. People see it as a western idea; people see it as the west trying to impose their ideas on us, so it becomes a little bit difficult. >> SAKINA MAKA: Assalamu Alaykum >> FARIDA BABALLE: Wa Alaykum Assalam. How is your day? >> SAKINA MAKA: I'm well, and how is your day? >> TITLE: Sakina and twin daughter, four months after delivery >> FARIDA BABALLE: So, what we do here is family planning birth control. Do you know what that means? >> SAKINA MAKA: It's like having control between deliveries. For example, two and a half years before having another baby. >> FARIDA BABALLE: Within those two years, your husband will save up some money. You see? If you have a baby and then, in a year, another and another every year, he wouldn't save any money, and then you're not in good health and the baby will not be healthy. That's why we use family planning. >> FARIDA BABALLE: Now there's a lot of awareness of family planning for our people. Our women are coming on their own. They don't wait for their husbands. They decide on their own health, instead of waiting for their husbands to decide on their health. >> KABIRU IBRAHIM: Aisha stayed in the hospital for sixteen days until she regained her health. Then she was discharged and we went back home. That's what happened. >> VOICEOVER: Kabiru's first wife died giving birth to their seventh child, and he has never used birth control until now. He attributes this behavior change to a deeper understanding of safe motherhood in the Islamic community. >> KABIRU IBRAHIM: Before this delivery I didn't agree with the idea of a woman taking a break, because rest comes from Allah. If Allah does not grant a break, you will surely give birth. The Muslim religion allows that she take a break to save her life, because she might lose her life in the process. That is why I agreed. >> AISHA IBRAHIM: Trial birth causes all sorts of mishaps and problems. It brings all kinds of thoughts to mind, like either you retain your life or you lose it. >> PROFESSOR OLADOSU A. OJENGBEDE: You can say, women's rights should be well protected, but the truth is, for now, we have not put in place all the structures that protect women's rights completely in developing countries. And that's what we must put into context when we're fashioning out programs and projects that would serve women. We need to find the appropriate way and culturally acceptable way of circumventing the obstructions. That challenges are enormous, and sometimes they're depressing. The frustrations are everywhere, but the resolve is stronger than the frustrations. >> TITLE: Murtala Mohammed Specialist Hospital >> DR. BELLO DIKKO: Welcome to Habibu Sadouki Blood Transfusion Center, Murtala Mohammed Specialist Hospital. What you have is a blood bank fridge, which has the capacity of keeping about 300 units of blood. It will be tested, filtered, stored, and the ones that will be needed in the maternity will immediately go to maternity. >> MAN: My message to you all is: please help keep our women alive. >> VOICEOVER: Frustrated by the lack of blood supply for maternity patients, Dr. Dikko successfully lobbied health officials for a separate maternity blood bank. Since opening in February 2009, waiting times for maternity ward patients in need of blood has been reduced by 75 percent. >> DR. BELLO DIKKO: If you go inside the blood bank now, the two fridges that you saw the other time are almost packed full. >> FARIDA BABALLE: A lot has changed. It reduces the delay in having the blood. The midwives draw the blood, they send the blood, and then it quickly saves the lives of the patients. You can see the results in our reduction of maternal mortality. There are very few deaths now. It's very low. >> VOICEOVER: The maternity blood bank began collecting blood donations one week after Sakina gave birth to her twins. >> DR. BELLO DIKKO: Each and every one of us, whether a man or a woman, came out of a woman. As long as there is one maternal death, it's a family mortality. Not an ordinary mortality. If you can reduce maternal mortality in Kano State, then definitely the denominator in the issue of maternal mortality in the whole country will definitely reduce. And if it reduces, then it will be my greatest achievement, and I can even resign and go home. >> TITLE: Dr. Bellow Dikko is part of a landmark effort to train religious leaders about reproductive health. He advocates for the right of pregnant women to travel without male escorts, and free maternity services. Farida Baballe's observational study showed maternal deaths have been nearly cut in half, from 196 in 2008 to 102 in 2009. Professor Ojengbede and international colleagues, led by Professor Suellen Miller at UC San Francisco, have tested the anti-shock garment on more than 3,000 women in Nigeria, Egypt, and Mexico. They found that women who received the anti-shock garment lost 50 percent less blood and have 64 percent fewer deaths. Pathfinder International, a non-profit organization, has trained more than 4,000 Nigerian health care providers to prevent, treat, and diagnose post-partum hemorrhage. Pathfinder has distributed 456 anti-shock garments and is collaborating with federal and state governments to scale up the project. While documenting these stories, the filmmakers worked in unison with families and healthcare workers to accurately portray pregnancy and childbirth. Several times we affected outcomes by contributing resources for transportation, cell phones, and pharmaceuticals. In the case of Sakina Maka, her husband Mohammed, an Arabic teacher, was unable to procure funding for blood after hours of searching. We gave Mohammed the 10,000 Naira needed to buy the blood. >> VOICEOVER: What do you want to be when you grow up? >> GIRL 1: I want to be a doctor. >> GIRL 2: I want to be a doctor. >> GIRL 3: A nurse. >> TITLE: Brown Doggy Pictures, in association with Woodlawn Avenue Productions: The Edge of Joy. Director and Producer: Dawn Sinclair Shapiro. Narrator: Eliza Griswold. Executive Producer: Tod Lending. Editors: Michael S. O'Brien, Melissa Sterne. Director of Photography: Nicola B. Marsh. >> TITLE: [End credits] http://www.viewchange.org/videos/with-my-own-two-wheels As a tool for development, a simple bicycle can mean transportation, employment, even access to education and healthcare. With My Own Two Wheels weaves together the experiences of five individuals into a single story about how the bicycle can change the world, one pedal stroke at a time. Mon, 17 Oct 2011 15:00:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/with-my-own-two-wheels Bicycle, Economic development, India, Ghana, Koforidua, World Bicycle Relief, Zambia, Disability, Health, Environment >> TITLE: Look for solutions, not problems. - Dan Eldon >> TITLE: Hubub Films Presents >> TITLE: With My Own Two Wheels >> TITLE: 5:30 AM, Chapola, Zambia >> FRED HANYINDE: My name is Fred Hanyinde. I was born here in Chapola in 1975. I am 35 years old. I got married in 1997. My wife's name is Emelda Chulu. She was born in 1983. We have four children. >> FRED HANYINDE: I am a farmer. The soil here is fertile. I grow many types of crops. I grow potatoes, corn, sunflowers, cotton, groundnuts, and peas. I also have a garden where I grow vegetables like tomatoes and cabbage. The most important things in my life are going to church, then being a caregiver, then football! These are things I love. >> TITLE: Zambia is roughly the size of Texas. It has an estimated population of 12 million. 1.1 million are infected with HIV/AIDS. Many of these HIV/AIDS patients live far from the nearest clinic. Their only regular care comes from volunteer caregivers, like Fred. >> FRED HANYINDE: I decided to become a community health caregiver because of my brother, who suffered from HIV/AIDS. The issue was very close to my heart. The Bible says that, "Whatsoever you do to the least of my brothers, so you do unto Me." As a caregiver, my job is to visit and take care of the sick. The main problem with our clients around here is how they are kept in their homes. They are stigmatized. Most of them say, "The people around here don't want me." Their families tell them, "We are not the ones who gave you that disease. That is of your own doing." Sometimes families give patients their own plates, because the family is afraid that they will be infected as well. Because of this, patients are normally happy when we caregivers come along. We shake hands and do all sorts of things together. They become very free with us, and they tell us problems that they wouldn't tell their own families. >> TITLE: 7:15 AM, Koforidua, Ghana >> MIRRIAM ODURO: My name is Mirriam Oduro. I am 27 years old. >> MIRRIAM'S FATHER: She wants to explore. She is something like -- she is adventurous. Sometimes, when she wants to do something, I will even try to discourage her. But, she will have the courage to pursue. >> TITLE: In Ghana, people with disabilities are often stigmatized. Many find it difficult to fit in, let alone find a job. >> MIRRIAM ODURO: I was a kid, and I had a dream that a dog bit me. Then my mom told me that I started shouting, "A dog has bitten my leg there." The next day, I couldn't even stand on my feet. I was paralyzed. >> MIRRIAM'S FATHER: I found it very difficult to get even school for her. Because at the normal -- or at the regular school -- they didn't want to mingle up with people with crutches. >> MIRRIAM ODURO: When I was a kid, I found life difficult. At that time, I didn't want to come out. I didn't want many people [around]. I didn't want people to see me walking. >> MIRRIAM'S FATHER: Some people, when they see them, they admire them, they have sympathy for them. But some people too, when they see them, they just shun them. >> TITLE: 8:00 AM, Sone Sangvi, India >> BHARATI PHAKAD DATE: My name is Bharati Phakad Date. I am 14 years old. I live in Sone Sangvi. My favorite actor is Mithun Chakraborthy because he always plays a humanitarian, someone who helps other people. There are a lot of people who live on the streets. I will help them. There are so many people in this world who do not even get one meal a day. I will help them. >> TITLE: In India, 81 percent of girls attend primary school. Only 49 percent of girls attend high school. 46.4 percent of women are illiterate. Many women in Bharati's mother's generation were married by the time they were Bharati's age. >> TITLE: Bharati's Mother, Bharati's Father >> BHARATI'S MOTHER: My life, my generation, was full of darkness. If you are uneducated, then it is as if you only have one eye. >> TITLE: In 1998, Armene Modi founded Ashta No Kai to empower women in Bharati's community. >> ARMENE MODI [Founder, Ashta No Kai]: For about a couple of years, we only focused on adult women and literacy for them. And I noticed that many of the girls who came to the class were very, very young girls, with a mangalsutra, which is a gold and black beaded necklace that they wear around their necks, which in India is a symbol of matrimony. And they had babies on their hips, and I started to ask, "What's going on, and why are such young girls married off already?" And there's a famous Indian saying, "Why water a plant that is going to grow in a neighbor's garden?" >> TITLE: 9:00 AM, San Andres Itzapa, Guatemala >> CARLOS MACHIN: My name is Carlos Enrique Marroquin Machin. I am a native of San Andres Itzapa. I am 41 years old. My farm is three kilometers from here. We call it El Chibul, because it is much higher up than the town. Now, in the month of September, we grow beans, ejoteros, that is, green [unripe] beans to sell to the market. I also just planted huicoy, carrots, lettuce, corn, piligua. Also radishes and beets. We grow it all. They say I have the hand of God, because I have five children. My eldest daughter is 18 years old, Carlos is 17, Antonio is 14, Jenny and Carolinia are 11, and Christian is almost six. >> TITLE: Guatemala is still recovering from a long and brutal civil war. >> CARLOS MACHIN: When the armed conflict started, I was a child. I had a very painful experience. I was tortured, because I was accused of hanging out with the paramilitaries. After that, after growing up, I did not have the chance to have a childhood as my children do now. It was lost. >> TITLE: The civil war wreaked havoc on the indigenous Maya community. In the rush to rebuild, the residents of San Andres have paid a steep price. The air quality in the region is now so bad that many farmers can no longer work in their fields after 9 AM. Some, like Carlos, are looking for a new way forward. >> TITLE: 10:00 AM, Chapola, Zambia >> FRED HANYINDE: I used to walk. Whether the patient was near or far, I used to walk. Rain or shine, I used to walk. I asked the caregiver program for a bicycle, but they never gave me one. They said, "You are only using it for useless programs." But we needed to help sick people in the community, so we used to walk. >> TITLE: Caregivers like Fred often walk 15 to 20 kilometers to visit a patient. They must visit these patients two to three times every week. In 2005, World Bicycle Relief partnered with Rapids, one of the largest caregiver programs in Zambia. Their goal: To increase the effectiveness of caregivers by giving them bicycles. >> JOHAN BRUYNEEL [Board Member, World Bicycle Relief]: What I find so particular about it is that it's so simple. It's measurable, something that we take for granted, and that in other areas of the world is something that changes lives. One bike, it is 134 dollars per bike. And I know that that bike is going to go somewhere and it's going to change the life of not only one person, but probably of a whole family. >> TITLE: Fred is one of 19,000 caregivers who now make their rounds by bicycle. >> FRED HANYINDE: The bicycle helps me reach patients in good time. For example, if I go by bicycle to visit a patient at 7:00 AM, I can reach the patient early and come back early. The bicycle makes visiting patients easier. Now I can visit a patient as late as 4:00 PM and still make it home by sunset. >> TITLE: 12:00 PM, Sone Sangvi, India >> ARMENE MODI: In many villages, there were only schools until seventh grade. There were no high schools. So we worked in ten villages at that point of time, and there were only three high schools. So then I asked the parents, the mothers, "Well, what happens to the boys, how do you send the boys to school?" And they said, "Well, we give them bicycles." And I said, "Well, what about the girls," and they said, "Oh no, it's a waste of money to give a bicycle to a girl, she's going to turn around and get married. So I thought, my god, if it's only a bicycle that's keeping girls from going to school, let's go ahead and give it to them. >> TITLE: Thanks to Ashta No Kai's Bicycle Bank program, Bharati and her friends are now able to get to high school by bicycle. >> BHARATI PHAKAD DATE: I am going to Nimgaon Bhogi High School. I am learning in the ninth standard [grade]. I like mathematics because I like solving mathematical puzzles. The bike has been really useful. Now, the time that I save commuting to school can be used to study. Also, now I can ride to school with my friends. It is a lot of fun. >> BHARATI'S MOTHER: She now feels very motivated and enthusiastic to attend school. I have to make sure that my daughters get a good education. It is our duty. >> BHARATI PHAKAD DATE: I want to become a district supervisor, because then I can make big decisions, and also have the power to implement them. I would be able to make decisions regarding the welfare of the poor and downtrodden. I would be able to help transform society. I want to eradicate poverty from this country. >> TITLE: 2:00 PM, Koforidua, Ghana >> MIRRIAM ODURO: This is my bench, yes. I have all the tools that I need at my bench. >> TITLE: Mirriam is now a mechanic at Ability Bikes, a bicycle shop cooperative established by Boston-based Bikes Not Bombs and staffed entirely by disabled Ghanaians. >> DAVID BRANIGAN [International Programs Director, Bikes Not Bombs]: The first day, there was one young woman named Mirriam Oduro. They came up to me and said, "David, I want to be a part of this project." And I said, "Okay, that's great, you want to learn how to fix bikes." And she said, "Yes. David, I'm serious. I want to learn how to fix bikes." >> MIRRIAM ODURO: That day, they [the other mechanics] were laughing at me because I bent my [wheel]. So, when David taught me and I started doing it, I finished mine, and David came and checked it. He said, "Oh wow, you have done well!" They are sitting there [saying], "Mirriam, can you help me with my rim?" I said, "You are sitting there laughing at me. You want me to help you? I won't do that!" Then David told me, "Mirriam, you can help them." So I helped them. >> MIRRIAM'S FATHER: She is always adventurous. She wants to go beyond what everyone expects of her. She doesn't seem to be handicapped. She doesn't seem to be worried about her problem at all. >> DAVID BRANIGAN: It's a pretty amazing thing to have this aggressive male come with his bike and say, "Hey, my bike needs to be repaired. My wheel is going like this," right? And then everyone looks at him and they say, "Okay, we'll fix it for you." And then they take the wheel off and give it to Mirriam. And the guy's expression is like, "What? This woman, this disabled woman is going to true my wheel?" And what ends up happening is that she trues his wheel for him. And sometimes there are men sitting there, just watching, as Mirriam is repairing their wheel, something that they can't do themselves, and there's this female, physically disabled, mechanic fixing their wheel for this person. >> DAVID BRANIGAN: I know that her life is changed by it. I know that she now sees herself in the world as an influential person. She sees herself as having skills that other people don't have, that are valuable to her community, and even to the world. She sees herself as now representing other physically disabled people who were in her position before, without work, and in a position now to advocate for them, and for recognition of the enormous amount of unemployed disabled people in Ghana. >> DAVID BRANIGAN: She is a woman working in a field that is generally dominated by men. So she's even expanding the boundaries of women, and other women who are able-bodied look up to her as an example of how women can be in the world. >> MIRRIAM ODURO: It makes me happy. It helps me to achieve something. And I feel proud. My name is Mirriam Oduro. I am a mechanic. >> TITLE: 4:00 PM, San Andres Itzapa, Guatemala >> TITLE: In 1997, Carlos helped start Maya Pedal, an organization dedicated to creating environmentally friendly tools to empower rural Mayans. Their invention: the bicimaquina. >> CARLOS MACHIN: First of all, the bicimaquina is all recycled. We start from the bicycle. The bicycle is the fundamental part. To this we attach the old machines that used to be powered by other sources, like gasoline. With the bicimaquina we try to join together elements that have been discarded [bicycles] with elements that used to pollute. >> CARLOS MACHIN: First, the bicimaquina does not pollute the environment. Second, it fills the gap between the artisanal and the industrial. It is a middle ground, because it is going to allow the user to complete tasks faster. Third, it helps the economy quite a bit, because it reduces expenditures on fuel and energy. It helps to minimize the costs of both running and maintaining the machine. It is simple. >> TITLE: The community of Cruz Nueva has two bicimaquinas: a bicimolino (corn grinder) and a bicipulpar (coffee depulper). >> WOMAN 1: Oh God! It used to be a lot of work. We only ground at night, and could only grind a little at a time using our old tools. This is what we used before. But now that we have the bicimaquina, we don't use that one anymore. Now it is different. Yes, it has helped us a lot. With it I can strip corn very quickly to make my tamales. I can now grind my corn very quickly. Now grinding corn is a communal activity. The bicimaquina helps all of us. >> CARLOS MACHIN: It also helps the family to learn to use the resources that are at their disposal, that surround them. It helps them learn how to do things in new ways that don't pollute. They learn how to do things in a better way. >> MAN 1: We export coffee to the United States and, in another year, maybe Japan. The bicimaquina has helped facilitate this. Those two bicimaquinas help us to use less diesel or gasoline or electricity. It is a little better, no? Really, there's a lot of pollution. Those two help us pollute less. >> CARLOS MACHIN: For someone who hasn't seen a bicimaquina, the concept is impressive because they are astounded by what it can do. If someone has a heart attack, we are going to try to revive him or her. That is what we are trying to do with these bicycles. >> TITLE: 5:30 PM >> TITLE: 8:00 AM, Santa Barbara, CA, United States >> TITLE: Sharkey Esquives >> SHARKEY ESQUIVES: You feel the fresh air. You can feel how fast you are going. You feel like you're going a hundred, you're going, like, only ten, fifteen! You can feel all that wind coming to your face; you're feeling all fresh and everything. It feels good, better than a car. >> SHARKEY ESQUIVES: It all depends, the day and the mood. If I feel like riding my bike somewhere far, with my headphones, I go to my racing bike. It has blue tires, blue frame with some chrome on it. With the beach cruiser, if I feel like riding with my friends, with my homies, anywhere, I take my beach cruiser or my mountain bike, whichever one comes in handy. >> TITLE: Sharkey is a volunteer bike mechanic at Bici Centro, a community-run bike shop that sells refurbished bicycles and teaches patrons how to repair their own bicycles. >> ED FRANCE [Director, Bici Centro]: You have recreational road riders, who can generally afford bikes up to two, three thousand dollars, more. You have recreational mountain bikers, same deal, and those folks will tend to replace bikes every few years, even. You have the die-hard enviro bike commuters, but that group is not just the classic image we have of a bicycle commuter, the white, well-educated cyclist who's decided to simplify their life and to live environmentally, and thus they're going to bike. In Santa Barbara, at least half of that five percent of people getting around by bike are working-class folks who rely on that bike, probably not necessarily out of choice, because people ride whatever they can, you know? And again, that's half of our active bike commuting population. And so, our feeling at Bici Centro, as the group of founders, was that that group wasn't being served. >> ED FRANCE: I feel a lot of sympathy for people in Shark's position, because out of high school, the possibilities are really bleak. What do you do? Continue hanging out with the gang? He probably has some hard job prospects. >> SHARKEY ESQUIVES: It has kept me from the streets, from kicking it with my homies, kicking it with everyone, not knowing. Getting busted, getting locked up every time. Bici Centro has helped me in stopping it. I could be here, I could come here, and it?s kind of like a job. Come here, throw all my stress in here, and go home and just chill, and just pass out. It?s like a regular day, doing a regular job like a regular person. I've always been proud of working in here. Been helping a lot of people from different spots, people from a different world, different states, different age. You get the smallest kid to the biggest, oldest, like, "O.G." -- old man -- whatever! You could get anyone in here who doesn?t know anything about bikes, we teach them. >> SHARKEY ESQUIVES: My life has changed plenty. A lot of people know me better from working at Bici Centro. They'll be like, "Aren?t you that person who helped me fix up my bike?" I?m like, "Yes, I'm the one who fixed it." They'll be telling me, "Thanks for fixing it, it's running good." My name is Sharkey, I'm from Santa Barbara. I'm from Bici Centro, I'm a volunteer, and I?m 21 years old. >> ED FRANCE: This is just the same story over and over: people with enormous potential that are overlooked throughout the world. But we need our solutions that are intermediate. We have all these overpowering solutions. We want to have electricity! Well, we'll just dig up that mountain and we'll just make electricity, and we'll just run railroad cars and trucks. All we do is overpower things or neglect things. >> CARLOS MACHIN: We as human beings need to take care of the world, not the world take care of us. Because we have been given wisdom, understanding, and all this. >> DAVID BRANIGAN: The majority of trips that people need to take in their lives -- if you're in Guatemala, or Ghana, or in Boston -- are bikeable. >> JOHAN BRUYNEEL: If we have a problem with transportation, we wake up in the morning, we look at the sky, and we say, if it's cloudy, do we go by car, or do we take the bike? The transportation story or transportation problem in Africa is totally different. They don't have the choice. They either have to walk-- kids have to walk two to three hours to school and from school, or caregivers have to walk all day long, in the best circumstances they can see maybe two or three patients. It's a completely different view on what a bike can do. We don't see the use of a bike other than, we have the choice. >> ARMENE MODI: Having a bicycle and being able to access education can have such a huge impact on aspiration levels, on educational levels, on quality of life. >> DAVID BRANIGAN: That bicycle is increasing their mobility. It's increasing their ability to go places. It's broadening their scope of their life, of what resources they can access. >> JOHAN BRUYNEEL: Bikes have been part of my life, naturally, for always, and I've never thought about not having a bike. What a bike can do, to me, just made too much sense, and I couldn't afford myself to say, "I'm not part of this." >> ED FRANCE: It is a comprehensive development tool. Development that happens for an entire country starts with one person. And if every single person in that country begins to become empowered, and begins to have access to resources, the entire country's going to develop. >> CARLOS MACHIN: We know that we don't have to speak for the machine. The machine speaks for itself. >> FRED HANYINDE: You can go and see a patient and still make it home. The bike makes the work of a caregiver lighter. >> SHARKEY ESQUIVES: You fix that one up; he's going to tell his friend. His friend is going tell another friend. >> MIRRIAM ODURO: It gives you mobility to do something. >> BHARATI PHAKAD DATE: I was very happy when I got the bicycle. I felt really good riding my bike. >> CARLOS MACHIN: The machine speaks for itself. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/a-small-act Chris Mburu grew up poor in Kenya, at the top of his class but unable to pay his school fees. He was on the verge of dropping out when a Swedish woman sponsored him, allowing Mburu to continue his studies and fulfill his potential. Now a human rights lawyer for the United Nations and a Harvard grad, Mburu has started a scholarship program of his own to give the next generation the opportunity he received. Wed, 05 Oct 2011 08:58:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/a-small-act Kenya, Education, A Small Act, Human rights, United Nations, Child, Secondary school, Foreign Assistance, LinkTV Picks >> TITLE: A Small Act >> CHRIS MBURU [Human Rights Lawyer, United Nations]: I come from this village in central Kenya. I was the top student in the district, but if you did not have money you got kicked out of school. I used to be sent home for long periods of time. Even though I was the top student in the district, I still needed to pay. There happened to be a foundation that was helping bright children from poor families. This program assigned benefactors out in Sweden with beneficiaries here in Kenya. A woman named Hilde Back walked into my life and changed it. Hilde Back started supporting me through primary school and part of secondary school, and I became more confident and I was beginning to think that maybe I had a future. I wanted to start a foundation that would support bright children from poor families, a sort of a replica of the Swedish foundation, only that I wanted this to be a Kenyan foundation helping Kenyan children. So I decided to called the foundation the Hilde Back Education Fund. I'm based in Geneva and I am working for the United Nations, and I'm working for the Anti-Discrimination Unit. I work all over the world. When I was in Congo, I was a human rights officer investigating genocide and crimes against humanity. When I was in Sierra Leone, I was with a peacekeeping operation. In the Rwandan genocide, we had mobs of youths descending upon their neighbors and hacking them to death. You have so many people that are jobless, that are uneducated, and who can be paid an insignificant amount of money to carry out heinous crimes. For me, education is a life or death issue. Sometimes the roots causes of these conflicts are just sitting there, gazing at us, but we don't identify them, we don't put a finger on them. >> TITLE: Each year, the Hilde Back Foundation picks the top students from each school to receive a scholarship for secondary school. >> CHRIS MBURU: Let's begin. How are all of you? >> STUDENTS: Fine. >> CHRIS MBURU: Now, I want to read the names of the children we selected. The next one is Moses Waweru Njeri. He went to Giathieko School. >> WOMAN: Well done Moses. >> CHRIS MBURU: Next is Peris Nyambura. >> CHRIS MBURU: Part of the reason why I would like these kids to be educated is because when you have a society that is very, very ignorant, it becomes the breeding ground for violence, it becomes the breeding ground for misinformation, it becomes the breeding ground for intolerance. >> CHRIS MBURU: Next is Patrick Kimani Nyambura. >> CHRIS MBURU: You have to say, "I know that I cannot provide support, relief, and help to all the suffering that is around me." So sometimes it is just as good to help one child. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/beyond-belief From the ruins of the World Trade Center to those of Kabul, Susan Retik and Patti Quigley embark on a journey of personal strength and international reconciliation. Through empowering Afghan widows whose lives have been ravaged by decades of war, poverty and oppression, they believe that peace can be forged one woman at a time. Thu, 08 Sep 2011 08:35:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/beyond-belief Afghanistan, Gender, Kabul, Widow, Women in Afghanistan, Women's rights in Afghanistan, CARE, Cycle of poverty, Beyond the 11th, Poverty >> TITLE: There are 500,000 widows living in Afghanistan -- a result of 23 years of war. Only eight percent know how to read or write, and their average income is USD$16 per month, compared to USD$46 for male-headed households. >> PATTI QUIGLEY [9/11 widow]: Susan came to me with the idea of helping a widow. That was the original idea, helping a widow. If we can connect with two widows, that Susan and I could each help, that was the original idea. >> SUSAN RETIK [9/11 widow]: We realized very quickly that the amount of money that we were talking about could clearly help many more than just one woman, because the cost of living over there is so low compared to the United States. >> CLEMENTINA CANTONI [CARE Afghanistan]: It's been estimated that in Kabul alone, there are between thirty and fifty thousand widows. These women and their children are trapped in a cycle of poverty, because if children don't go to school, they have no future either. It's a vicious circle that keeps repeating itself. >> PATTI QUIGLEY: Clementina was the first person that we met that had actually been working in Afghanistan. >> CLEMENTINA CANTONI: What we propose to do with your grant is there are a number of women who've been participating in our poultry project and have received incubators. This has yielded really good results; the incubators are working, they are able to make healthy chicks that they can then sell or keep to make eggs. >> SUSAN RETIK: I would love to go to Afghanistan and really get a sense of these people and their culture. Right now, we're learning through reading books or newspaper articles, or speaking to people who have been there, or talking to people from Afghanistan. But until you can see it and feel it and smell it and taste it, I don't feel like we'll truly have a sense of the plight of these women. >> CLEMENTINA CANTONI: It's very difficult to give the flavor or a real picture of what it's like for a woman living in Afghanistan, whereas just one day touring our project would, I think, answer all the questions they could have. >> SIGN: Welcome to Kabul >> SIGN: CARE International in Afghanistan, Poultry Project, District 5 >> SUSAN RETIK: Thank you all for having us here. It's an honor and a privilege to finally meet you. I live in the United States, in Boston, which is near New York. >> WOMAN: You are Susan. We know you. You are like us. They describe to me, they're the people that gave us 15 chicks. We already know this. Thank you for coming here. >> SUSAN RETIK: That gives me chills. >> SUSAN RETIK: Most of the time, it feels to me like we raise a chunk of money, we give it to different organizations, who then help these women. >> PATTI QUIGLEY: How are they doing taking care of the chickens? >> SUSAN RETIK: But in fact, it is very specific what it is that we are giving to. Four hundred widows, to receive fifteen chicks, a certain amount of chicken feed. And those four hundred women are really four hundred women, which sounds so ridiculous, but part of me feels like it wasn't just "Oh, we're helping women in Afghanistan." We are helping these people in Afghanistan. >> SUSAN RETIK: Before we met you, we wanted to help you. Now that we've met you, we really want to help you. We will tell your stories when we go home, and we will let people know, and we will continue to help support you. We'll continue to work hard. >> SUSAN RETIK: It's not just a story; it's not just words. It's these people. Putting a face to the words is what makes it so powerful. >> PATTI QUIGLEY: A lot of what we've talked about with the media this week and with the women is about 9/11, and I don't want to be there anymore. I want to talk about the women, and what they need. That also has become clear to me, I can still get that message across, that these women need a lot of help, and it doesn't really matter what happened to me. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/project-rhino Arjun lives in one of Calcutta's many urban slums. For the first time in his life, he has the opportunity to attend school. His father earns a dollar a day pulling a rickshaw around city streets and has never received an education. He is grateful for the chance his son has to pursue his dream of becoming a doctor and ending the cycle of poverty for their entire family. Fri, 02 Sep 2011 11:06:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/project-rhino India, Education, Poverty reduction, Rickshaw, Cycle of poverty, LinkTV Picks >> FATHER: I am a rickshaw puller. I ride from morning until night. >> RUHI PRASAD [Project Rhino]: That's one of the oldest means of earning a livelihood in Calcutta. The unfortunate part of it is that they earn not more than a dollar a day. These men are trying to feed families that run into five, ten people, so most of them have very tough lives. >> FATHER: I don't want my son to pull a rickshaw like me. >> RUHI PRASAD: If you have no money for education, what is your son going to do? So the child grows up seeing the father pulling the rickshaw, and for lack of having anything else to do he ends up doing the same job. >> SISTER: My family is illiterate. Nobody in my family has ever gone to school. >> ARJUN: I do chores, like go to the store, get water from the pond for rice, and buy the firewood. >> RUHI PRASAD: You realize that if you don't bring education there, you're never going to be able to break this vicious cycle. You need an external force, and that's what we're trying to bring in with Project Rhino. We are trying to bring education to children. >> SISTER: The first day of school he was afraid. But I told him to go to school and learn. >> ARJUN: The first day of school I was scared. I didn't know anyone. >> RUHI PRASAD: I think one of our biggest mistakes was not being prepared for the response. We were flooded with so many people. There is definitely a huge amount of potential. There are more than 100 students waiting to get in. We are not able to go in because of the resources. And that's hopefully our five-year plan, to be able to address and reach out to more people, more children. >> ARJUN: I like going to school now. When I grow up, I want to be a doctor to help others. >> FATHER: My son wants to be a doctor. This is my heart's desire. >> TITLE: It costs one dollar a day to send Arjun to school. To send another child to school, visit www.projectrhino.com. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-entrepreneurs Florence, Esnart, Ng'andwe and Precious all come from backgrounds of extreme poverty in rural Zambia. They've embarked on five months of intensive training in leadership and enterprise. With courage and determination, these young women defy the odds and establish their own successful businesses, proving that anything is possible. Fri, 12 Aug 2011 09:41:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-entrepreneurs Zambia, Social entrepreneurship, Gender, Sub-Saharan Africa, Microfinance, Education, Social change, 10,000 Women, Mpika, Entrepreneurship >> TITLE: Camfed presents: A See Change Films Production, in collaboration with Goldman Sachs, 10,000 Women Initiative, and The University of Cambridge.>> TITLE: 150 young women from rural Zambia, from backgrounds of extreme rural poverty, are coming together to undertake an intensive training course. Over the next five months they will be taught leadership skills, social entrepreneurship, and how to become successful businesswomen. >> SIGN: Lubwe High School Educaiton Board>> TITLE: The Entrepreneurs>> BENJAMIN CHAMA [Camfed Zambia]: Lubwe is a rural community with no source of employment except for the fishing and maybe peasant farming. So I think that there isn't any money to go around. We would like to empower rural people through education, because I believe with all my heart that it is only through the giving of education that we can change the poverty cycle in our country.>> BARBARA CHILANGWA [Camfed Zambia]: Welcome all of you again, I know I welcomed you yesterday but I would also like to welcome you in a special way this morning because this now marks the beginning of this very precious course to all of us, because it is the first of its kind in Zambia. >> WOMAN 1: As you've heard already, they've introduced the Camfed program and our learning objective is to empower the young rural girls just like yourselves so that you don't have to struggle. Everyone, you are expected to write one expectation that you hope to achieve at the end of the three weeks. I want to learn how to start a business and to be a leader of different people. >> WOMAN 2: With the expectations you've given me I can predict you are ready to learn, isn't it? >> CATHERINE BOYCE [Course Leader]: The overarching theme of the course is leadership. People have to believe in themselves and their ability to affect change, to have the skills, to have the confidence, to have the vision to look around them and see opportunities where previously they had seen none. >> WOMAN 3: When choosing a leader, we have to see that this person has the qualities of a leader in them. >> WOMAN 4: Am I going to be a director? That is a leader who has a vision ahead of them. >> WOMAN 5: A leader must be honest, a leader must be with good behavior, and communicate. That's all. >> WOMAN 4: Why did you draw a picture of a man instead of a picture of a woman? Because we have taught you that we are leaders, I am also a leader, you are also leaders.>> BARBARA CHILANGWA: These young women will draw men as leaders because that is what they have known all their lives. At the family level, it is the father who is the leader. At school, it's mostly male teachers that are leaders and head teachers. So what this course will do is that it will break that perception. The communities will see for themselves that women can do the job and can do it well. >> MWANGALA MUKELABAI [Trainer]: Good morning ladies. >> WOMEN: Good morning. >> MWANGALA MUKELABAI: How are you? >> WOMEN: Fine. >> MWANGALA MUKELABAI: So, today we are going to talk about our rivers of life. Each one of you should be able to write your rivers of life, should indicate on your river of life the worst things that have happened in your lives, and also the good things that happened in your life. >> MWANGALA MUKELABAI: In one of the sessions that we had with the young women, we were talking about the river of life so that people can come out of their situations. They can be very free to express themselves and also to share with others what they are going through. >> WOMAN 1: My life was going very good and fantastic. My father was working, my mother was not working. In 1996, my father died and my river started going down. >> WOMAN 2: And he has no money to pay for my school fees and buy my school uniform and he was telling me, "It's better you get married than to go to grade 8, me I don't have money." >> WOMAN 3: And I passed but I couldn't manage to go to grade 8 because my parents, they only cultivate. >> BARBARA CHILANGWA: The women in our program, the 150 of them, come from very difficult backgrounds. Most of them, I can say almost 80 percent of these girls will have lost either one parent or both parents.>> FLORENCE [Student]: My name is Florence and this is the river of my life. I was born in 1990. And in 1997 my dad passed away. He died. In 1998, I started staying with my mom. We only survived by using the money that dad left. And in 2001, my mom died also.>> MWANGALA MUKELABAI: They think that when they are coming from poor families, that's the end of their lives. So my role here is just to empower girls to be able to believe in themselves and also to feel like they can do something about it. >> MWANGALA MUKELABAI: Then my river started going down in 2001. That's when my father passed away. And when he died -->> MWANGALA MUKELABAI: When my dad died life was so difficult for us because my mother couldn't support us. >> MWANGALA MUKELABAI: I'll always remember this year, when my river went down and the water was even too cold for me. >> MWANGALA MUKELABAI: When I was working with Camfed, I was able to go back to school again because education is the only key to success. My dream was to bring back the life we used to enjoy with my father. >> MWANGALA MUKELABAI: And then I managed to build by mother a very big house that she's so proud of. And I'm also happy. I managed to build my mother that house when I was 22 years old. >> MWANGALA MUKELABAI: Now I know that there are a lot of challenges that the young women are facing, that the rural people are facing, so I want to become a Member of Parliament one day, and I know I'm going to become one. >> MWANGALA MUKELABAI: You can also do it. Despite where you are coming from, the sky is not the limit. If you just believe in yourself that you can do it, you can do it. If you've got that zeal and the self-determination to believe in yourself, and you know that one day you are going to achieve whatever your dreams will be, you are going to excel, and you are going to achieve that, okay?>> WINNIE FARAO [Social Entrepreneur]: The poverty that was haunting our families would just not allow us to go to school. We were not supposed to be educated and we were not supposed to look at ourselves as leaders, but as subordinate. The fact that we were not supposed to get any opportunities to go to school, but we got it, then we have to use it and use it to the maximum. >> WINNIE FARAO: As a social entrepreneur, this is what I think I can go and do in my community. This is how I think I can go and make an impact. >> WOMAN: For me, what I can do as a leader, I should first join the group like Cama (Camfed alumni group) and then support those people who are in need. >> WINNIE FARAO: I feel that it is very, very important for the young women to understand social entrepreneurship and to understand business entrepreneurship, because the world that we are living in today, the young women and the communities that they come from, they are the best persons to deal with the challenges that they are facing everyday. For a long time, communities were not able to deal with their own challenges because there were no energetic young people to lead that process. >> TITLE: To help students find solutions to challenges in the community, a group of international social entrepreneurs are assisting on a number of issues. One of these issues is overfishing. >> ANNA OURSLER [Global Footprint Network]: The numbers of fish in the lake are reducing because so many people are taking them. We are going to learn how to be a scientist, and really look through our own eyes at what is happening in the waters and with the fish at Lake Bangweulu. We're going to take three data points and measure all of these things because we are doing a study to see if we can put a fish cage, an aquaculture fish cage, in the middle of the lake where we can grow and harvest fish. They've gone through about ten different scientific experiments to measure the qualities of water, which is something that all of them learned and can now do perfectly. The results will actually be submitted to the government, to the Ministry of Natural Resources, as part of an environmental assessment. So I think in their confidence there has been a real change, but also their skills, their technical skills about how to be a scientist, how to take scientific measurements. >> PRECIOUS [Student]: I'm Precious. We used to live in Kitwe. In 2001, mom died, then after a few years dad also died. Then we started living with dad's older brother. After living there for about a year, he started treating us badly. We couldn't touch our books, we weren't allowed to. Instead we were told to start doing housework. We had to do all the housework while his children were in the bedroom reading. So that was a very big problem. I found that that problem just got bigger, so that's how we came here to live with grandma, dad's mom. My grandma is very old. Sometimes she is not able to work for very long. She can't go to the field and work for a long time. But we help her cultivate, when we go to the field we cultivate. Apparently, someone explained my problem to my headmaster. That's when I came under Camfed's support. After this, the teacher who was our mentor told me, "Precious, you should remain behind and attend this course that will teach you about social entrepreneurship." I couldn't believe it. I just started crying because I didn't expect that I could have such luck. >> ALAN JACKSON [Aptivate ICT Trainer]: What we'd like to talk about now is just to find out what experience you all have with IT. >> WOMAN: I don't know anything about computers. >> ALAN JACKSON: So the four of you have never used a computer before?>> ALAN JACKSON: We have to start sort of at the beginning. Here are some computers, here's how you put them together. Here's how they work, here's how you make your network of computers work, here's how you connect to the Internet, here's how you find out if something's wrong. There are a lot of cultural adjustments, a lot of things we take for granted that of course they will have had no experience of. >> PENELOPE [IT Teacher Trainee]: Before the beginning of this course I didn't have any experience with computers. We were just learning about computers, that they exist. But this is the first time I came across a computer, using it on my own. >> ALAN JACKSON: We're working with a small group, a group of four young women who will be running the resource center after this training course. >> PENELOPE: It is connected to the Internet. And that thing that you are seeing there, that's where the position of the satellite is. >> ALAN JACKSON: I think that they're getting the right flavor, or spirit, of IT, that they're going to be able to fix things themselves, they are going to be able to find out things for themselves. They are going to be quite empowered by this technology, and hopefully then empower a community with that same spirit. >> FLORENCE: I'm excited. Before, I never knew how to type anything on the computer, but today I've learned something I think. >> MATILDA [Student, 20 years old]:: You can also sell your goods through the computer. Me, I would love to know how they buy, like when they say, "I bought this through a computer." I would like to know how they buy things through a computer. >> NG'ANDWE [Student, Age 18]: Because my item is sugar, how can someone get their sugar from the computer? When we started learning, I'm telling you, it was interesting. And the studies were very different from what I was thinking so it was very interesting, and I even learned many things: how to be a social entrepreneur, how to help people, even this time I'm a role model in our community. I think I'll be teaching my fellow youths and the young ones and those who are in school. When I was in grade 2, in 1998, my father passed away. The way of living started changing, it was very difficult. When my dad passed away, it was very difficult for us to find books, pens, even the money to pay for our school fees. But my mom was a hardworking mother, so she was fighting for us. When the results come out and if I do well, I'm thinking of studying law. I'm thinking of studying law because a lot of people who have done law are men, so I want to be one of the few women lawyers so that I can fight for people's rights and women's rights. At least in law I will not be the way I am in this time, I think I'll be someone. >> LUNGOWE CHISHINGA [Human Rights Lawyer]: Why am I telling you these technical things? Because I want you to that if you are going to claim your rights, you need to know two things. One: where is that right guaranteed? Walia and Stephen have been married for three years, and they have two sons. So she's a 17-year-old girl who is a child and is a mother of two children. Is this strange? Do we find 17-year-olds in our communities that are mothers? >> BARBARA CHILANGWA: Most Zambian women grow up not knowing that they actually have rights. Most parents, especially when girls become of age at about the age of 15 for example, they already begin to consider them ready for marriage. >> LUNGOWE CHISHINGA: So you tell me, are any of Walia's rights violated? My lawyers, what rights are violated? >> FLORENCE: Choosing, a right of choice. >> BARBARA CHILANGWA: So we believe that ensuring that focus on a program that brings to their attention that they actually have rights about their own sexuality and their lives will change the way, first of all, that they now relate to members of the community, to their husbands, the members of their family, in the sense that they will go out there believing that they have rights and that no one should trample on their rights. >> WOMAN: My question is, for example, I'm a married woman and then my husband is committing adultery. I decide to consult the elders, and then the elders say, "A man's adultery does not ruin the home." Yet it is contributing to the risk of being exposed to many diseases. What step can I take? >> BENJAMIN CHAMA: There are a lot of myths surrounding women having sex, so I thought maybe I should speak about sexuality to the 150 women so they understand that they have the right to make choices about when they should have sex and who they should have sex with. >> BENJAMIN CHAMA: Especially for us parents, it's very difficult to talk about sexuality to you at your age. I want to tell you, I come from a very big family. There were 11: five girls in my family and six boys. Today, I don't have any sisters; they are all dead from the HIV/AIDS virus. Only three of my brothers are alive. Perhaps if there had been condoms, they would have used condoms and today I would be seeing them. >> ESNART [Student, 19 years old]: I was just shocked by what he said, it brought a shiver down my spine and I thought like, maybe if there was someone, someone like us today, young leaders who would have talked to those people, maybe if they knew them, it would have been possible for them to be alive this day. I think now that we are not vulnerable because we've got more information about HIV and AIDS, and we know our rights also. I have to tell the other people, letting them know how dangerous this disease is. I was born in 1990, I used to stay with my biological mom and when she died I came to stay with my mom's older sister. She's my mom now. Her husband died when I was still at school. I've got three brothers and four sisters. I love them so much. Such that when I complete I just want them to have a good future. Before my mom died, she took my real father to victim support, but he didn't respond still. He just stays in Mansa there, but he works, yes. But I don't know why he doesn't support me. I don't know why he just doesn't care for me. Sometimes when I'm sitting I just dream that I wish I could have a big house where we could all live together, just give my family the life that they've always wanted. >> WOMAN: How are we going to get the overall risk? We can get the overall risk by multiplying the likelihood of the event by the size of the effect of the event. >> MAN: You are managing your projects, and you need to understand the project lifecycle and the project chart, which is a tool that will help guide you through whether you are progressing in a particular project or not. >> CATHERINE BOYCE: Training in financial management is a key part of the program. Judge Business School at the University of Cambridge is one of our partners for designing and actually delivering this program. The MBAT actually drew on resources, on tools, and on models for learning that are actually used by MBA students all around the world. >> MWANGALA MUKELABAI: We are all business ladies here, isn't it? And we are fully empowered with the skills and knowledge to be able to run our businesses successfully. We've learnt a lot of things: advertising, we've learnt about marketing, we've learnt about record keeping and everything. So we are fully empowered as young women in Mpika district to be able to deliver and run our successful businesses. Okay, between now and next week we should be able to plan on which business we want to engage ourselves in as we go back to our communities. >> MWANGALA MUKELABAI: Today we are going to do market research in Mansa district. In my group they have identified to do communication business, which they are very excited about. >> MWANGALA MUKELABAI: On average, how many cards are you able to sell in a day? >> WOMAN 1: I make 2 million K (USD$400).>> WOMAN 2: You make a lot of profit, oh my goodness!>> MWANGALA MUKELABAI: She's the only woman we have interviewed so far out of 11 men, just one woman. One of the things that she said was that this business was being run by men mostly, so she's very much excited to see the girls actually coming up with this brilliant idea for them to be able to set up their own businesses. So she's actually very much inspired by the girls.>> TITLE: After carrying out market research, all 19 groups found gaps in the market for social and business enterprises. >> NG'ANDWE: This is our business plan. The total cash inflow will be 1,100,000 in month one. >> CATHERINE BOYCE: We're introducing them to the business planning side: how to do a cash flow, how to financially plan expenditure and income over the time period. And they're actually preparing those plans right now and presenting them tomorrow morning in a competition. >> MATILDA: Our mission statement is as follows: to make communication accessible to all -->> MWANGALA MUKELABAI: We're doing very fine. So far the girls are practicing their presentation for tomorrow and they are very, very excited with all the brilliant ideas they've come up with. I think they are going to be winners because they worked very hard for this and they are very excited. We can't wait, we are so excited!>> MATILDA: I know that the competition will be quite tough, but I think at least we will manage to do something, I'm thinking we'll be the first ones. >> FLORENCE: How are you feeling? >> WOMAN 2: I'm feeling a bit nervous because I'll be presenting the market research plan to a lot of people in the plenary. >> FLORENCE: I'm also feeling nervous. The reason why I'm feeling nervous is because there will be judges and there will be a lot of people that side. Tonight we are going to write the mission statement. >> TITLE: Competition Day. If successful, each group will receive funding to start their own business or social enterprise.>> MWANGALA MUKELABAI: Hi ladies! Are you ready for today? I just want to encourage you to feel confidence and believe in yourselves, and just know that you can do it, because all of us have different projects, and I believe your project is the best! So just show them that. >> BENJAMIN CHAMA: Okay, thank you very much everybody. This is a very special day. We have got our judges table there, and we are going to start immediately with group 12. >> WOMAN 1: And the name of our communication business is "Beyond Vision Communication" (BVC). >> MATILDA: This is our mission statement. We will be making sure that everyone access communication.>> ESNART: The current situation in Mpika is very worrying in the sense that there is an increase in child abuse, child labor, and street children. Our mission statement will be to provide vulnerable children age two to six years with basic education and good nutrition. >> WOMAN 2: We are going to open a restaurant by the name "Big Sisters." The restaurant will offer nshima, rice, chicken, beef, sausages, vegetables, kapenta, chips and bread with eggs. >> BENJAMIN CHAMA: Let's give them a big hand. >> WOMAN 3: Our goal is to raise awareness in young women against sexual exploitation. >> NG'ANDWE: Us, "Future Fighters," have decided to undertake two projects respectively. One group will take hardware as a business project and the other group will take advocacy for persons with disabilities. >> FLORENCE: This is our budget; this is the description, number of days, quantity, unit cost and amount. >> MWANGALA MUKELABAI: What inspired you to go into advocacy? >> WOMAN 5: It's through education that people will know about the dangers of HIV/AIDS. We will be able to eradicate ignorance in Zambia. >> BENJAMIN CHAMA: You've all done tremendously well, I think, in the various presentations. So we deserve a pat on the back ourselves, so we shall give ourselves a good hand for what we have done. >> NG'ANDWE: Before I presented I was feeling -- I even started shivering. But when I went to the stage I came up with that courage, I felt something. Then, it went just okay. >> TITLE: All 19 groups were successful in receiving funding to start their new enterprises. The 150 entrepreneurs will now return to their communities for four months. >> FLORENCE: I never imagined that I would be a business entrepreneur in my life at this tender age. When I start having my own money, first of all I'll start helping my family, I'll be buying food for my family, then clothes. I'll be helping other children in the community, I'll be a role model to them and people will be happy about it because maybe other people never used to think that I can do it but now I can.>> TITLE: Four months later. The entrepreneurs are returning to Lubwe for the final stage of their training. >> CATHERINE BOYCE: We weren't quite sure how far the young women would get with their projects, and what we found was that every single project team created a brilliant business plan, they set up a bank account, they managed their funds, and they all achieved impact, which was going to be one of the themes of the course, the impact that they achieved. >> BENJAMIN CHAMA: This is a very beautiful morning and a very important day, just like any other day. Now, today we are going to display what we were doing in Phase Two. We are going to set up stalls, all those skills that we learned to persuade. The first half of the team will be going around and will be sticking stars to what they think is the value. >> FLORENCE: As you can see, this is our group name and number on that side. That?s the Kakabalika group 13, and the profit that we made was K200 thousand (USD$40). This is our financial records book. We are planning to continue this project because we've actually made profit. >> ESNART: I think everyone is doing a great job and everyone is putting in effort because it takes a lot of guts for someone to come up with something like this. I'm really impressed with everyone, I think they are all doing great. >> CATHERINE BOYCE: We actually have 19 separate enterprises: we have a preschool for vulnerable children, a loan scheme, we have three different groups communicating about the importance of education to young girls. We have several retail enterprises selling secondhand clothes, selling groceries, and selling mobile phone talk time. Huge diversity of enterprises. >> WOMAN 1: What are some of the impacts?>> WOMAN 2: You are going a long distance to buy talk time. For instance, here we have brought talk time very near, you are buying talk-time within the school. >> WOMAN 3: I think the group is so good and they've got pride and confidence. I think they are making a lot of profit since they are girls selling talk time. >> WOMAN 4: What we wish to achieve, especially in the rural community in Mpika, we want people to have big businesses. We want them to have big businesses, we want their businesses to grow, we don't want people to be staying home, and we want them to take their children to school. >> BENJAMIN CHAMA: I've been going around to look at their projects, and I feel great about the achievement that they've made. I'm simply bowled over. I don't even have words to describe what I have seen, the amazing things that they were able to do: the financial records they were able to keep, and also the products, the impact that it has had on this society I think is indelible. I think it's fantastic. >> TITLE: One month earlier, back in their communities. Mpika Microfinance Scheme. >> PETRONELLA [Managing Director]: Our business is a business where we give loans on low rates so that everyone is able to afford to pay back. We decided to embark on this venture because we saw that most women were really vulnerable in Mpika, they couldn't manage. So we wanted to upgrade their standards of living. Some of them wanted to upgrade their businesses because we saw that some people had the passion for business. At the moment we are supporting eight women. We have eight clients. Each woman had a K200 thousand (USD$40) loan. >> PETRONELLA: Hello, how is work going? >> WOMAN 2: It's all right. >> WOMAN 1: How are you? >> WOMAN 2: I'm fine. >> PETRONELLA: We've come to see how your business is going, what you are doing, how far you've come, and how you've used the money we gave you towards your business? >> WOMAN 2: I feel very good about the loan you gave me. There is a difference in that in the past I didn't have a business, I wasn't selling anything. Now I am selling goods and I am making money. I am able to solve a lot of my problems on my own. >> PETRONELLA: Would you like to receive another loan? If so, how much more would you like to receive? >> WOMAN 2: I would like much more. Make it big; make it K1.5 million (USD$300). >> PETRONELLA: K1.5 million (USD$300)!>> WOMAN 2: Yes. >> WOMAN 1: Will you manage to pay us back quickly, with interest? >> WOMAN 2: I will do so very well! Very quickly! Easily with interest on top!>> PETRONELLA: And if you fail to pay back, what should we do to you? >> WOMAN 2: We will agree on what should be done. >> PETRONELLA: All right. >> WOMAN 2: I wouldn't fail to pay you back. >> PETRONELLA: How do you feel about all this? >> WOMAN 2: I feel joyful. >> WOMAN 1: Thank you. >> WOMAN 2: I thank you too. >> PETRONELLA: Our plan is that we'll get a loan from Microbankers Trust. We are planning to get a loan of maybe K5 million (USD$1,000) so we support fifteen women. And from that I think our business will keep on growing and the profits that we'll be making, we'll be giving to more women. >> WOMAN: I decided to use the loan you gave me together with my profit to buy my own sewing machine. So I bought a sewing machine. Also, that profit is helping me because I'm now able to pay my children's school fees. >> PETRONELLA: I feel very proud and I'm very happy that I'm able to solve big people's problems, women's problems. >> BARBARA CHILANGWA: They have had hands on practice, I think, by designing their projects, which they did. They have tried them out; they went and launched them themselves in the communities, in communities, where, before this program, they were looked down upon. >> PRECIOUS [Company Secretary, BVC]: As of now, I am in a position to take care of my grandmother because of our business we are doing, I'm not even nervous about my future, I'm just looking forward to it so that I can have my own bright future now. >> BARBARA CHILANGWA: They'll be received very well; they'll be accepted back in their communities because they will have proved the point that women are capable of leading programs, they're capable of solving problems, and they're capable of playing a role in the development of their communities. >> TITLE: The Great Ones Preschool>> ESNART: Our social enterprise is opening up a preschool for vulnerable children and our objectives are to teach 30 to 60 children in the first term. And when we teach them we aim at letting them know why basic education is important. >> ESNART: What's a preschool? >> CHILD: A preschool is a place where children are taken to be taught how to read, how to write, and how to count numbers, how to be disciplined. >> CHILDREN: Well done, well done, such a good girl. >> ESNART: It's also very good for a child to go to a preschool because it builds up a foundation. When that child goes to grade 1, that child will be able to count, write numbers, and that child will be very active. It's very interesting to explore a child's mind, just how they develop, how they learn, you just start remembering your childhood and it was very interesting and so inspiring and it made be proud. The children that we've enrolled here mainly are from vulnerable backgrounds, backgrounds where we find that their parents are dead; we find that they don't have all that much to sustain themselves. That's why if this preschool didn't exist these children would just be roaming around. >> WOMAN: Preschools that are here are private, but us here, we provide them with books, pencils, crayons and uniforms. Then they should just pay a certain amount, maybe if that parent can't afford to bring money and then that parent is a farmer or something like that, they can bring anything in terms of crops like maize, millet, cassava, or groundnuts. >> ESNART: And it's not always that all the children pay, it's not everyone who pays, and we don't chase those children away who don't pay. We allow them to learn because we are giving them an opportunity to shape up their future. >> WOMAN: I didn't know I could run a preschool for vulnerable children, helping vulnerable children and maybe in the future I could do more than we are doing to develop my country and maybe develop my community. A lot of people say that, "If you are poor, there is nothing you can do in the future." What I have learned is that even if you are poor, you can do something in your life. At least in the future, you can learn and you can become somebody one day. >> TITLE: Graduation>> BENJAMIN CHAMA: My prayer is that these 150 women will continue with the social enterprise, with the business skills that they have acquired. I know that we cannot just leave them like this. They will need support from all of us because this is a big thing that we have built, we have given them hope and the belief that they are able to do something on their own. >> BARBARA CHILANGWA: Good afternoon leaders. I overheard one of you talking, I don't think they knew that I was listening: "Now that this thing is finishing, what am I going to do?" There is no reason for any of you to despair. Camfed is committed to assisting you to get into that college of your choice.>> BARBARA CHILANGWA: We will support them if they decide to carry on with the projects that they have established, we will support them if they decide to go to college, we will support them in many ways to ensure that they have the independence that we want for all of them. >> ESNART: Yes, I feel that I'm a leader and I'm an entrepreneur. Firstly, I'll start by saying that I'm a leader because I know that leadership is not about leading everybody, like maybe in front, telling them, giving them orders, no. Leadership is about being who you are, being passionate about what you do, and also making others feel important, also knowing that you depend on other people for your success. And leadership is about working hard with others, being committed, and teamwork. I also believe that I'm an entrepreneur because I'm able to start up my own business, I'm able to run it smoothly, know whether I'm succeeding or I'm failing in my business. I think my future really holds so many things for me. I just feel that I will really achieve so many things. >> TITLE: Ng'andwe is working as an assistant IT trainer in the new IT Resource Center in Samfy. Next year she plans to study Social Work. Precious continues to grow Beyond Vision Communications. She uses the money she earns from her business to help support her family. Florence is studying Gender and Development Studies at the Evelyn Hone College of Applied Arts. She is proud to be one of the youngest female Managing Directors in her community. Esnart is now studying to become an accountant at the Zambian Institute of Management, Lusaka. "The Great Ones Preschool" is currently educating 68 vulnerable children. Since graduation, Camfed has supported the entrepreneurs with business mentoring and bursaries for Higher Education. In December, another 150 young women from rural Zambia will embark on the next Leadership and Enterprise course. Camfed International and the University of Cambridge - particularly the Cambridge Assessment Group and Judge Business School - collaborated to design this Leadership and Enterprise Training Program, which is implemented in Zambia by Camfed. The Goldman Sachs Charitable Fund and The Goldman Sachs 10,000 Women Initiative made this program possible through their generous sponsorship. Camfed supports the education of girls and young women's empowerment in Africa. For more information about Camfed please visit www.camfed.org. >> TITLE: [End credits] http://www.viewchange.org/videos/viewchange-challenging-hunger Chronic hunger affects one billion people around the world on a daily basis. How are aid groups, rural farmers, and other innovators working together to feed the planet? Find out in this special from Bread for the World and ViewChange.org. Tue, 09 Aug 2011 13:00:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/viewchange-challenging-hunger Agriculture & Food, Bread for the World, Mexico, Ethiopia, Bangladesh, Microfinance, Water & Sanitation, Drought, Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank >> VOICEOVER: Next up: two migrant farmers get a new chance to grow their own food, to make a living wage, and to return to Mexico and their families. From Ethiopia to Bangladesh, see how aid groups and entrepreneurs are working to put hunger out of business in this special report from Bread for the World and ViewChange.org.>> VOICEOVER: Having enough to eat is a basic human right, one that almost a billion people don?t have. That?s a billion people who go for days and weeks without enough food to feed themselves and their families. In the poorest regions of the world, chronic hunger is a steady drumbeat of life. >> TITLE: Hunger around the world: Asia/Pacific: 578 million, Sub-Saharan Africa: 239 million, Latin America/Caribbean: 53 million, Near East/North Africa: 37 million, Developed Countries: 19 million. >> VOICEOVER: And it?s a situation that becomes even direr in emergencies. Right now, across the horn of Africa, droughts have triggered a food emergency so desperate that more than ten million people are relying on food aid. But chronic hunger doesn?t have to be the status quo. Smart investments from governments and aid groups are helping the hungry to weather the worst emergencies and become resilient against future crises. And the ripple effects of hunger are huge. Take Mexico, for example. Every year, thousands of migrants see the US as the last option for finding work to feed their families. But in this story from Bread for the World, two men are given a new choice: to stay in their country.>> TITLE: Stay, Bread for the World, Mexico>> TITLE: Chiapas, Mexico>> MARVIN GARCIA SALAS [Comitan, Chiapas, Mexico]: I was happy yesterday. You know why? I was waiting in the street outside the hospital, and a group of students said, "Come! Have a little bit of coffee and some bread." If society had the same attitude, the world would be better.>> TITLE: Oaxaca, Mexico>> SANTIAGO CRUZ [San Miguel Huautla, Oaxaca, Mexico]: Unfortunately, the government has abandoned the Mexican countryside. The results are never good. I decided to migrate [to North America] because I have a large family and there isn't any money in this community, there are no sources of income, nothing. >> TITLE: Sixty percent of unauthorized immigration to the US comes from Mexico. They come to escape poverty. In 2009, 96 percent of US foreign assistance to Mexico went toward military and drug enforcement. Investing in rural areas of Mexico instead can help reduce the pressure to migrate.>> TITLE: Stay: Migration and poverty in rural Mexico>> TITLE: Permanecer: Migración y pobreza en el México rural >> MARVIN GARCIA SALAS: The reason I went to the US was because I wanted to progress. Not that I didn?t have work here, but peoples? stories made it sound so much easier to earn money in the United States. That was the reason my family agreed it would be better to try my luck there. And I went there for the first time in 1998. My wife Victoria stayed here with the kids. I made it across the border, but it was a really bad experience. For example, when I was at the border, when I was crossing, I was robbed by bandits, "cholos." It was a bitter experience. I had different jobs. I picked tomatoes. I picked chilies. And in six months, I was able to save 8,000 pesos [USD$675]. Eight thousand pesos, here in Mexico, I couldn?t make that in six months.>> TITLE: After returning to Mexico due to health issues, Marvin and his wife bought land in Chiapas with the help of a US nonprofit called AGROS. Today, Marvin and his wife grow the crops that support their family. >> MARVIN GARCIA SALAS: We found land that we can work on. Victoria and I were excited about this from the very beginning. It was a project to help people help themselves. It hasn?t been easy. We need more resources.>> TITLE: Marvin?s wife, Victoria, is a community activist who sometimes works out of town for many days. Which means Marvin is often the family?s primary caretaker. >> MARVIN GARCIA SALAS: She has had responsibilities that have been difficult for me. Now that my children are older, it?s easier. But when they were smaller I had to take care of them. I had to cook or change their diapers. There were moments when they were little that I had to carry them because they were crying or feeling bad. Sometimes people were saying, ?Why are you doing domestic work, women?s work?? And I said: ?I feel good. Both of us are parents to these children. We both have to take care of them.? I want to do a lot of things. But unfortunately, there are some barriers that don?t let us develop.>> SUSAN BIRD [Program Officer, Ford Foundation, Mexico]: What we see more and more is this - the rite of passage, this idea that young people, specifically, can no longer make it in their communities and it's no longer interesting to them. My name is Susan Bird. I'm a program officer with the Ford Foundation in Mexico. And so they kind of wait for the day that they can leave. That's the saddest thing I think, is the cultural loss. You know, you see communities, entire communities made up of children and grandparents and there's a whole generation that is missing. >> SANTIAGO CRUZ: I hope most of my children don?t migrate. Most of them would live here in my town. In our grandparents' time, our land was more productive. They harvested more. Now the land is deteriorating, depleted. We need more ideas, more techniques, and more innovation to be more productive. It?s difficult, you know? This is a very poor, rural area of Mexico. That?s why I decided to migrate. I looked for the possibility of migrating legally. And I made it to Canada. >> VICTORIA MARTINEZ LOPEZ [Santiago's Wife]: So, he had the opportunity to go. And he left, but I was left behind alone with my children. Among all of us, we divided his chores. That was very hard.>> SANTIAGO CRUZ: The first season was very difficult. I was very lonely. It was very difficult to get used to another country, another culture, you know, the customs. It was difficult.>> VICTORIA MARTINEZ LOPEZ: We were not accustomed to being without him. It felt like he was gone a very long time.>> TITLE: When Santiago returned from Canada in 2008, he and Victoria got involved with CEDICAM http://www.viewchange.org/videos/viewchange-hiv-prevention-looking-back-moving-forward Since the first official confirmed cases of HIV 30 years ago, millions have died, particularly in developing nations. But now there's hope in treatment and innovative prevention strategies. Take a journey to find out what's working in HIV prevention -- and providing hope for the future -- in this new half-hour documentary produced by ViewChange in partnership with PSI (Population Services International). Tue, 26 Jul 2011 08:08:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/viewchange-hiv-prevention-looking-back-moving-forward HIV, Health, AIDS, Sub-Saharan Africa, Zimbabwe, Africa, AIDS pandemic, Reproductive health, Population Services International, Kenya >> DEBRA MESSING [Ambassador, Population Services International]: Next up: It?s the pandemic that has touched millions -- AIDS. Thirty years after the first confirmed cases appeared, where are we now? And what?s working in HIV prevention? Find out in this special report from PSI and ViewChange.org.>> VOICEOVER: ViewChange is about people making real progress in tackling the world's toughest issues. Can a story change the world? See for yourself in ViewChange: HIV Prevention - Looking Back & Moving Forward.>> DEBRA MESSING: I'm Debra Messing, Ambassador for PSI. It?s been 30 years since the Centers for Disease Control confirmed the first cases of HIV in the United States. Since 1981, more than 30 million people around the world have died of AIDS-related causes -- particularly in the developing world, where the disease has devastated entire families, communities and generations. But thanks to the medical advancement of antiretroviral therapy and progress in prevention, saving lives is now possible. Aid groups and governments have been working hard to bring innovative HIV prevention methods and tools to scale -- and it?s working. In Mozambique, one young relationship counselor is getting creative. Working with a local radio show, she is finding ways to make condoms exciting -- and even sexy. >> TITLE: Reclaim the Condom>> TITLE: Reclaim the Condom, tve, Mozambique>> VOICEOVER: Like all countries in southern Africa, Mozambique suffers from HIV/AIDS. Every year, millions of dollars are spent on prevention campaigns, including promoting condoms. But the battle is far from won, and one person thinks she knows why.>> SHEILA MANJATE [Sexual Health Counselor, North East Secondary School]: I don't know how many students there are, maybe eight thousand. To pick up condoms? I have the records here. Maybe a hundred per month. >> VOICEOVER: At the North East Secondary School in the capital Maputo, 22-year-old Sheila is a trained sexual health counselor. In her office, young people come to her with their intimate problems.>> BOY 1: I'm having a problem with my girlfriend. >> SHEILA MANJATE: And you did not use a condom?>> BOY 1: Often we didn't use it.>> SHEILA MANJATE: Because you trusted her?>> BOY 1: I risked it because I trusted her, but I mistrust her at the same time.>> VOICEOVER: The message is clear -- selling condoms as barriers against HIV can suggest couples don?t trust each other. So Sheila?s convinced it?s easier to sell condoms as contraceptives. Today in her office, she?s tearing down the public health posters. For Sheila, condoms are the main weapons against HIV/AIDS, but they must have the right image. The unbranded "white" condoms are the ones distributed in schools and clinics. Much better, she says, those more sexy, branded ones. >> VOICEOVER: Sheila lives at her grandma?s. A churchgoing Christian, she wants to train as a lawyer. She says what some in the big health agencies think privately.>> SHEILA MANJATE: The condom is too associated with HIV and so it has become stigmatized in the people's minds.>> VOICEOVER: She?s backed by market research, which shows trust in relationships is the main reason for not using condoms. Sheila knows sex and romance sell, so why not use them to promote condoms? She is working on a radio program to try her message on a wider audience. It's for 99FM, a popular national radio station. Today is the big sell. >> SHEILA MANJATE: I'm very nervous. I'm in the hands of God.>> VOICEOVER: Sheila?s off to see the head of the station. But will he buy her maverick message?>> SHEILA MANJATE: Our idea is to make a pilot program.>> NELSON CAMAL [Station head, SNYC 99 FM]: Yesterday I attended a Millennium Village ceremony in Chibuto. They had a box of condoms like this one. I didn't want to take any.>> SHEILA MANJATE: Exactly.>> NELSON CAMAL: But what are we going to say in the program? No to the AIDS condom, or are we going to say AIDS condom, yes?>> SHEILA MANJATE: No, our objective is to say yes to the condom.>> VOICEOVER: Not only have they given her airtime, 99FM has given Sheila her own team. Their slogan: "For Your Up Moments!" Public health campaigns find it difficult to link condoms with pleasure. But can you really sell condoms better branding them with sex than with illness? Early morning, and time to take the show on the road. Today to Xinavane, 100 kilometers north of Maputo. For her program, Sheila wants people to talk openly about their sex lives. She hopes their stories will reveal why they should use condoms. She's taking the message to the local school, to see how it plays. >> SHEILA MANJATE: Our mothers fell pregnant at the age of 14, 15, 16, 17; they lived their sexuality at the moment they felt the time had come. I want you to tell me: What do you do to live your sexuality, without having the same problems our mothers had? What did you say?>> MALE STUDENT 1: I use the condom.>> SHEILA MANJATE: You used the condom. Thank you. Ping pong, another one. What do you do?>> FEMALE STUDENT 1: Condom.>> SHEILA MANJATE: Condom. Who else?>> FEMALE STUDENT 2: Fidelity.>> SHEILA MANJATE: Fidelity. Who else?>> FEMALE STUDENT 3: Condom.>> SHEILA MANJATE: Condom. Who else?>> MALE STUDENT 2: Fidelity.>> SHEILA MANJATE: Fidelity. Who else?>> FEMALE STUDENT 4: Condom.>> SHEILA MANJATE: Condom. Who else?>> FEMALE STUDENT 5: Be faithful to my boyfriend.>> SHEILA MANJATE: Be faithful to your boyfriend? I have to be faithful to my boyfriend, but I also have to be faithful to the condom, because the day my boyfriend drops me, the condom will stay with me.>> TITLE: Sheila continues to encourage a change in the perception of condoms with young people in Mozambique. >> TITLE: ViewChange>> DEBRA MESSING: In India, where millions are living with HIV, reaching at-risk populations through peer education is crucial. And as this story shows, the most powerful messengers for HIV awareness come from unlikely places.>> TITLE: ViewChange>> TITLE: Peer education is a powerful tool in the prevention of HIV, but also in creating awareness and supporting those receiving care. >> MADAN KOIRALA: First I'm going to play soccer. I'm going to shoot two goals. Obviously we will win! I have many qualities. I am handsome. I am a role model for the people watching. >> TITLE: Madan>> TITLE: Element: Madan, Element, India>> MADAN KOIRALA: I was a drug user before. My ambition was to use drugs, and die. I am from Nepal. I came to Delhi just to use drugs. One of my friends sent me a message saying the drugs were good in India. I said, "Okay, let's go." I spent all my money. I was totally broke. I thought, "I'm going to die, I can't live any longer." Suddenly, I changed my mind. >> TITLE: New Delhi, India>> MADAN KOIRALA: I got a message that there is a rehab center where we can get treatment, and I said, "Okay," because I am a drug user and I needed treatment. I changed my lifestyle, and in the meantime I met my girlfriend, who is really cute! Life is not only for using drugs, eating food, and sleeping. >> TITLE: Millennium Development Goal #6: Stop the spread of HIV/AIDS and other major diseases>> MADAN KOIRALA: Now I am employed at Michael's Care Home, and I have to take care of HIV positive people who need treatment and help. Whether they're HIV positive or not, I always see them as a human being and in need of care and treatment. In India, people think that if you're HIV positive, you've got AIDS and you're going to die soon. Actually they're quite different. "AIDS" means you're sick, but being "HIV positive" just means you have the virus. Still people are very scared. They think that if someone's infected with HIV, we'll get infected too. No, we can't get it through the air, we can't get it from mosquito bites, we can't get it from kissing, and yet still there's all this discrimination. They're made jobless, homeless, and they're kicked out of society. Let them live! There are lots of examples of people who are very sick, and then they take the ARV medicine and live normally. This is anti-retroviral medicine, "ARV" medicine. >> MAN 1: It reduces the multiplication of the virus. >> MADAN KOIRALA: In India, only around twelve thousand people are getting this medicine. But there are over five million people infected with HIV. They should fight for them to get ARV medicine too. We need ARV medicine to be available free to everyone who needs it. Finish! There's something inside me that I can expose to the whole world. I am Madan Koirala, and I am HIV positive. >> TITLE: HIV+>> MADAN KOIRALA: If you look at me, can you make it out that I'm HIV positive? No, no one can tell. >> MADAN KOIRALA: The message for the new generation is: positive living, positive thinking. No discrimination and stigma. There is hope. Now clap your hands!>> DEBRA MESSING: Operating in 67 countries around the world, PSI is one global health organization at the forefront of HIV prevention. PSI believes that health services and products are most effective when they are accompanied by robust communications, which ensure that people are widely accepting and using prevention methods. And they?ve found that some of the best communicators about safer sex and HIV prevention are not necessarily the typical experts. For example, hairdressers in Zimbabwe are chipping in with their own straight-talk to patrons -- and have helped Zimbabwe cut its HIV infection rate by half. Last year, I traveled with PSI to visit one special salon in Zimbabwe where women are sharing life-saving information with one another -- truly unforgettable.>> TITLE: ViewChange>> TITLE: Braids Not AIDS, DFID, Zimbabwe>> VOICEOVER: As the economy in Zimbabwe begins to recover after years of chronic mismanagement and hyperinflation, there are also encouraging signs of a decrease in HIV prevalence. In a country where over one million children have been orphaned by AIDS, now an innovative HIV prevention program is showing remarkable success by using hairdressers to teach their female customers the facts about HIV and AIDS. But in a country with a collapsed medical infrastructure, the burden of HIV and AIDS is massive. There are around 60,000 deaths from AIDS each year, and an estimated 1,200 new infections each week. Experts in Zimbabwe say prevention through behavior change is the key to managing the spread of the disease. >> KUMBIRAI CHATORA [PSI Zimbabwe Deputy Country Director]: When we talk about behavior change, the key word there is changing. Changing from what you used to do to a new behavior. We want people to adopt safer sexual behaviors. It could be condom use, it could be knowing your status, it could be having fewer partners. All that for us is behavior change, anything that you do to protect yourself from HIV infection. >> VOICEOVER: But in a male-dominated society like Zimbabwe, reaching women with the correct information and empowering them to make decisions can be difficult. >> WENDY TAKUNDWA-BANDA [DFID Zimbabwe HIV Program Manager]: Generally women are the more vulnerable sex, and when it comes to making decisions related to sexual health, men are the dominant character. So women don't have much say. >> VOICEOVER: As a result, 60 percent of all people living with HIV in Zimbabwe are women. Dorothy Nyamukapa is a hairdresser in Kuwadzana, a low-income high-density suburb of the capitol Harare. Dorothy is one of 1,500 hairdressers that have been trained as an HIV peer educator in a program run by Population Services International and funded by the UK's Department for International Development. >> DOROTHY NYAMUKAPA: Because I am a woman it is very simple for me to approach them. I ask her which family planning she uses. When she told me, I started to introduce them to "Care.">> VOICEOVER: In this way, hairdressers like Dorothy have sold over three million female condoms in the last six years, preventing thousands of new HIV infections. Barbra Nyandika, a regular at the salon, began using the female condom with her husband Obit two years ago. >> BARBRA NYANDIKA: I went to my husband and told him about female condoms. Then he said I have to bring it so that he can see it. Then I have to introduce it to him and he said that it is very nice, that we have to continue using it. >> VOICEOVER: This initiative is spreading across Zimbabwe. Sylvester Nzaras runs a barbershop from his backyard in the commuter town of Chitungwiza, south of Harare. Here, men are also being exposed to the prevention message and the benefits of condom use. While huge challenges remain in Zimbabwe, the success of programs like this has contributed to a significant decline in HIV prevalence, a drop from over 24 percent to less than 14 percent over the last six years. >> TITLE: ViewChange>> DEBRA MESSING: But how will we really achieve large-scale change? One of the ways is by promoting HIV prevention methods that are easily affordable, highly effective and are able to show results now. Methods like voluntary male circumcision, which can reduce heterosexual HIV transmission by 60 percent. But first, grown men must be convinced to overcome their fears, as we see in this story.>> TITLE: ViewChange>> TITLE: PSI Botswana's Male Circumcision Campaign - TV Spot>> TITLE: Scaling Up Male Circumcision, PSI, Sub-Saharan Africa>> VOICEOVER: All right team: remember that we have to work at winning this match as a team. Circumcision cannot win this match alone. He needs the help of all of the defenders to keep HIV from scoring. >> TITLE: Men in Sub-Saharan Africa are choosing male circumcision (MC), a cost-effective method that reduces the risk of HIV infection in men by 60 percent. Beginning in 2007, PSI launched an unprecedented MC campaign supporting service delivery, communications, and advocacy efforts in Botswana, Kenya, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. These are the stories of men and families being impacted by male circumcision. >> FUNGAI CHIBAYA [MC Client, Zimbabwe]: My name is Fungai. Near where I stay, there is a very big billboard encouraging male circumcision, so I just decided one day that I should do it. I'm shaking a little bit, like goosebumps. I think the procedure is going to go well.>> TITLE: PSI provides pre- and post-procedure counseling in countries where male circumcision is offered. >> FUNGAI CHIBAYA: I've learned a lot about male circumcision. They say it has a 60 percent chance of HIV reduction. >> TAKAVINGWA KOMBONI [MC Client, Zimbabwe]: My name is Takavingwa Komboni. My wife encouraged me to come to MC because she actually thought it would be good for me to be circumcised. Some of my friends said, "You can go at your own risk." I'm curious to know what's going to happen after I'm circumcised. >> SYMPATHY MPOFU [Clinical MC Nurse, Swaziland]: The local anesthesia is given to assist him in reducing pain during the surgical procedure. The procedure starts with the doctor cutting and removing the foreskin. Afterwards we dress the patient with gauze. Then the patient is escorted to the recovery room to recover for 30 minutes. >> TAKAVINGWA KOMBONI: As you can see, I am now coming out of the theater room. The circumcision is over, and I feel like a man. It has been very good, and it is not as painful as I thought.>> FUNGAI CHIBAYA: The whole procedure was just fine. >> TITLE: Changing perceptions, one person at a time. >> JABULANI NCUBE [MC Client, Zimbabwe]: One of the best benefits is the reduction of the HIV/AIDS transmission rate. That gave me the zeal to go for it. I felt it would be the best opportunity for me to prevent myself, and the person that I love, from contracting such infections. >> STEVEN CHIKOMBERO [MC Client, Zimbabwe]: I've since introduced some of my team members to be circumcised. Everyone now knows that I'm proud to be circumcised. >> TITLE: Women are important partners in this process.>> KUDZAISHE CHIFAMBA [MC Client, Zimbabwe]; It opens up dialogue within the relationship, which is not common in our environment. >> MOLEBOGENG MADISHA [South Africa]: So this is both of our decision, and I decided to accompany him as a support system. I also heard about the importance of male circumcision. >> TITLE: Communication is key to male circumcision scale up. >> JABULANI NCUBE: What I learned is that people are not well educated. They have a belief that it's cultural.>> KUDZAISHE CHIFAMBA: Dialogue needs to spread further than just young couples. >> TITLE: By bringing services to scale within the next 10 to 20 years, male circumcision could significantly reduce the number of new HIV infections. >> JABULANI NCUBE: It is the right channel to reduce the HIV/AIDS pandemic in our nation.>> TITLE: Effective communication. High quality service delivery. Thirty-eight million by 2015: scale up male circumcision now, impact the future of HIV. >> STEVEN CHIKOMBERO: A lot of things have changed in my life. Besides the confidence that I have, I also feel much more secure.>> TITLE: ViewChange>> DEBRA MESSING: Targeting behavior is also crucial in HIV prevention. In Kenya, people are talking about Mpango wa Kando -- roughly translated into "having a long-term relationship on the side." It?s an all-too-common arrangement that also happens to be one of the riskiest behaviors for HIV transmission. But the government of Kenya, together with USAID and other groups, is using mass media to change this behavior and turn the tide of HIV transmission.>> TITLE: ViewChange>> JIMMI GATHU ["Mpango wa Kando" Spokesperson]: Are you married? So you're sitting with your husband, right? Do you know if he has a girlfriend?>> TITLE: Roughly 33 million people are living with HIV/AIDS, twenty million plus in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Kenya, one behavior is playing a major role in transmission: concurrent sexual partnerships. >> JIMMI GATHU: There is only one way to stop HIV from destroying your marriage. It's simple. Guys, leave your side arrangement. Avoid HIV. >> HIV and Concurrent Relationships, PSI, Kenya>> TITLE: PSI and the government of Kenya address this issue head-on through a groundbreaking communications campaign: "Mpango wa Kando." >> DR. NICHOLAS MURAGURI [Director, National AIDS/STD Control Program]: Forty-four percent of new HIV infections are attributed to people who are either married or are in partnerships. These people in partnerships also have other partners, who also have other partners, who are not using condoms. And therefore, the chance that in that network somebody has HIV -- it spreads like bushfire to the rest of the families.>> TITLE: Your spare wheel could have a spare wheel who has a spare wheel who has a spare wheel who has HIV. HIV now spreads fastest in marriages. Here's the reason why. >> JIMMI GATHU: I must admit that one of the things that surprised me was the aspect of also women playing a part in it. >> DR. NICHOLAS MURAGURI: We got a strong voice, people said, "No, no, no, you are condemning men only. Women also do that." So we made some TV spots for women as well. >> JIMMI GATHU: Mama, how are you? So you are in an outing of your woman self help group? So that man standing next to you is definitely not your husband, right? Do you know research shows nearly half of all new HIV infections are happening in marriages like yours?>> ERICK WAGA [Research Consultant for PSI]: Concurrent partnership really is a great factor in the spread of HIV because you find that these people, when they have these partners, trust comes in. So you find that these partners stop using condoms throughout all the partners. >> LUCY MAIKWEKI [HIV Deputy Director, PSI]: PSI Kenya started to take on the campaign boldly, because primarily there are very few organizations that do national level mass media communications.>> TITLE: Giving Kenya something to talk about. >> TONY NJUGUNA [Creative Director, SCANAD]: For this particular brief it became quite an interesting angle for social marketing. We?ve got a social responsibility to improve the lives of the people that we are trying to talk to.>> TITLE: Social marketing (so shel mar kit ing) n. 1. The application of marketing concepts and techniques to influence behavior among a target audience in order to benefit themselves and society. >> LUCY MAIKWEKI: We pre-tested various concepts, various taglines, various names and eventually we came up with Mpango wa Kando, which was what people felt describes this loving, long-term side relationship.>> JIMMI GATHU: Somebody needed to say something. And so we did. Shock transmits, then, to how important this campaign is. >> TONY NJUGUNA It makes sense, it's logical, and I think that's what really made the campaign work: that it's real; it's a social message. >> TITLE: Sparking conversations in the community. >> DR. NICHOLAS MURAGURI: The Mpango wa Kando campaign is obviously achieving its goal. Part of the goal was to start a debate, so you'll hear people discuss it in pubs, in family outings, in the church. These things were never discussed. >> TOM NGARAGARI [Behavior Change Communication Coordinator]: They identify with the campaign, and then now the discussion starts. The good thing is that they are coming together and talking about it and finding solutions to it. >> TITLE: Moving forward...>> LUCY MAIKWEKI: Looking at what will motivate people now to move from awareness to actual behavior change. >> TITLE: ...to prevent HIV/AIDS. >> DR. NICHOLAS MURAGURI: If you look around, all families, all Kenyans, don't want HIV. You cannot talk about the issue of HIV and not talk about concurrent partnerships. >> LUCY MAIKWEKI: For me, success in the long term for this campaign would be lower HIV prevalence amongst people in married, co-habiting relationships.>> DR. NICHOLAS MURAGURI: It's something that cannot be done overnight, it's something that we need to work on until it becomes a social norm change that discourages people from having concurrent multiple partnerships.>> TITLE: ViewChange>> DEBRA MESSING: Thanks to prevention and treatment, the global rate of new HIV infections has dropped by 25 percent between 2001 and 2009. Around the world, we?re learning lessons from innovators in every sector. We?re learning to adopt messages that equate change with something everyone wants -- a happier life. We?re learning to invest in local talent, because they know how to reach their neighbors and what motivates them to change. And on the soccer field -- or at the hair salon -- we learn that reinforcing the right messages about HIV/AIDS is making a difference. >> VOICEOVER: Want to learn more about HIV treatment, prevention, or anything else you saw here? Head over to ViewChange.org/TV, where you can watch, read, and get involved in projects that are making a real difference. Watch the films you just saw, and over 350 more from around the world, at ViewChange.org/TV.>> TITLE: [End Credits]>> TITLE: A co-production of Population Services International and Link TV. To read about PSI's HIV prevention programs around the world, visit www.psi.org. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/why-women-count-china-geng-liufens-new-world Geng Liufen met her husband in the large city of Kunming. But after witnessing how isolated women in his home village of Zuji were, Liufen decided it was up to her to change the status quo and help Zuji's women get the education, training and health information they needed to transform their lives. Wed, 06 Jul 2011 15:06:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/why-women-count-china-geng-liufens-new-world China, Gender, Education, Rural area, Guizhou, Childbirth, Southwest China, Village, Literacy, International Women's Day >> TITLE: Why Women Count >> TITLE: Geng Liufen's New World>> VOICEOVER: Zuji is located deep in the mountainous region of Guizhou, a remote province in southwest China. The women living here had never left the mountains, and hardly anyone had ever visited the village. But in 1998 everything changed. Geng Liufen met Zhou Yingzue, a young man from Zuji. They met when she was working in Kungming, a large city. Zhou took Geng back to his small village during the spring festival. The journey there involved taking the train, then a bus, and finally on foot since there is no road access into the village. It took them a week to get to Zuji. The couple got married and had a family. But they were so poor that Geng ran away from the small village several times.>> ZHANG YUE [Journalist]: You left your husband just like that? You ran away, you didn't care about him anymore? How could you?>> GENG LIUFEN: You are right. I really felt bad about it. My child, my elder daughter, was only a year old when I left the first time.>> VOICEOVER: Geng Liufen did care about her husband and her children. She decided that she had to accept her life in the village and instead she wondered how she could improve the situation.>> GENG LIUFEN: The women in the village are illiterate. They can't even read numbers.>> ZHANG YUE: Can't they? >> GENG LIUFEN: No they can't. I work during the daytime and I get them to come here and learn in the evenings.>> ZHANG YUE: So you convinced each family to study just in your small hut without electric light? How did they manage in the evening?>> GENG LIUFEN: We use the pot to fill the lamp with oil brought from outside, and then we light the lamp for their study. They have shown a tremendous interest in learning.>> ZHANG YUE: Yesterday when I was in the mountains I wondered how the village copes with people who are sick. How do women cope with pregnancy and childbirth? I guess they can't leave the village and it's impossible to find a hospital.>> GENG LIUFEN: I suffered a lot when I gave birth to my eldest daughter. The labor took three or four days. I nearly died when I eventually gave birth.>> VOICEOVER: Geng Liufen now leaves the village every two weeks, trekking over the hills to get vital medicines from the outside world. She has also attended a course in a hospital so she can help other women when they go into labor.>> GENG LIUFEN: And after giving birth to a baby, everyone should be careful. You should not have sex until after 42 days, otherwise it may cause vaginal bleeding and can even cause a massive hemorrhage due to the womb failing to constrict. This can be fatal. Are you taking notice of what I'm saying? Okay, you are listening now!>> ZHANG YUE: Besides literacy and health problems it seems the most critical thing is poverty, the lack of money. How can you help them? >> GENG LIUFEN: They worry about being given forged notes and it's a problem for them to bargain when they are trying to sell their eggs and chickens. >> GENG LIUFEN: Please note! All members of our community! Please come to the Public Activity Room at 12:30pm. I can show you from experience that if you think the note is forged you can put a little saliva on it and rub it. If the note produces layers when you rub it, don't accept it. When it is a new note, if it doesn't make a crisp sound when you shake it, the note is also a forged one.>> VOICEOVER: Geng Liufen hopes the women of the village can make some money for themselves. With some economic independence they will gain more confidence. In March 2004, for the first time, Geng Liufen and some other women left their homes and arrived at the market at midday after walking over two mountains. In the past women always needed help from their fathers or husbands to get to the market. Now they are here and they can sell their goods. They are surprised that they can earn money by themselves. Farm Women, a non-governmental organization, is also helping. Since it began in 1998 it has helped nearly 4,000 rural women. Geng Liufen also got the opportunity to learn more.>> GENG LIUFEN: Last December I went to Bejing for a training course organized by Farm Women. They helped me apply for a World Bank loan to set up the Women's Development Association in Shimen to help attract investment to the area.>> ZHANG YUE: Not do you have a broad international outlook, but you also know how apply for a World Bank loan to develop the Rural Women's Association!>> GENG LIUFEN: If we want to improve things, then access is a big problem for us. We still think that we are neglected because there is no road to our village, and so there is no chance for us to make any progress.>> VOICEOVER: Sometimes people rely on external forces to change things. Geng Liufen, however, with just a junior high school diploma, is leading the women of Zuji in gradually changing their destinies and improving their lives.>> TITLE: [End credits] http://www.viewchange.org/videos/why-women-count-fiji-determined-women In the rural, cane-growing region of Fiji, a new enterprise is revolutionizing the lives of the local community by providing an income for women who previously relied on their husbands, helping them scale up production and save money, and financing the country's only senior citizens center. Wed, 06 Jul 2011 14:06:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/why-women-count-fiji-determined-women Fiji, Microfinance, Gender, Agriculture & Food, Poverty, Poverty threshold, LinkTV Picks, tve, Why Women Count, Chutney >> TITLE: Why Women Count>> TITLE: Determined Women>> VOICEOVER: In the rural cane farming communities of Fiji, women have always been the homemakers and not the breadwinners. But the role is slowly reversing. Until a year ago, Anshu Mala took care of her home and two daughters while her husband farmed their cane land. When they started to struggle financially, Anshu used what knowledge she had of the traditional task of chutney-making to help to earn their living.>> ANSHU MALA: We weigh the mangoes and wash it. After washing it, we peel and grate it. And then we weigh the grated mangoes, put it in the pot, mix it with sugar and cook it for about one hour.>> VOICEOVER: She plays a leading role in the area's chutney production, an enterprise initiated by the NGO FRIEND.>> ANSHU MALA: Before we had land, we had a sugarcane field. But when our lease expired it was taken over by the native mataqali, so it was very hard for my husband to support the family. I have two daughters and my mother-in-law to look after. So it's very helpful when I work too. I support my husband.>> VOICEOVER: Vijay Latchmi's chutney recipes are used to fill these jars, now ready for sale at local stores and in the near future for export.>> VIJAY LATCHMI: I made some pickles and sweet mango chutney. These were tested at the FRIEND office and then they asked me to work with them.>> VOICEOVER: While FRIEND provides the kitchen, Vijay employs staff and secures a mango supplier. And with the income she gets for each jar of chutney, she is able to pay her workers.>> VIJAY LATCHMI: I came here and got work so I could earn money. When I wasn't working I didn't have any money. Now I can save money and buy the things that I want. I don't have to ask anyone for money.>> VOICEOVER: Tamarind chutney sales have financed the country's only senior citizens center. In this cane-farming town, everyone in this kitchen and this center plays a role in the chutney-making process and reaps the rewards.>> SASHI KIRAN [Co-founder, FRIEND]: Older people are able to take out the tamarind, so the center is able to buy from them. These women are earning money out of that, at the first level. And the center employs women and they are making money. And eventually all the proceeds are then [put back into the center]. That money is used to provide services to the older persons, and it may be a whole range: community outreach, wheelchairs, to just a cup of tea for the seniors.>> VOICEOVER: But the challenges remain.>> SASHI KIRAN: If you you're not monitoring, the quality drops. If you're not monitoring or supporting them or encouraging them throughout then the production may not be there. Because our reality is that the people we are dealing with are extremely poor or have been battered most of their life, and to build their esteem and to get them to a stage will take time. It's a process.>> VOICEOVER: At home, but making a difference, the villagers of a cane farming community are learning to save what little they have for a rainy day.>> KASANITA BOLOULUTU [Group Leader, Save Scheme]: The source of income is just catching crab in the mangroves. Some are cane farmers but majority don't have land, they are just cane cutters.>> SASHI KIRAN: In Fiji, we have a culture of borrowing, and for the first time we wanted to set them up to save on their own.>> VOICEOVER: These women don't do paid work; they are the homemakers. But they put aside a dollar or two each week from their husbands' earnings as savings for their future.>> KASANITA BOLOULUTU: I think they save only one or two dollars but for us that's something. We can save at least one dollar a week. >> SASHI KIRAN: We identify the skills needed when we help them get started and when they continuously keep coming back and telling us how they've used their money. They go through our budgeting lessons and then they start putting money away, and it's wonderful to see. We may not be reaching the entire country right now because of lack of resources, but we see hundreds of people every week where this has made an impact in terms of their income.>> TITLE: [End credits] http://www.viewchange.org/videos/why-women-count-latvia-born-to-be-in-business Vija Ancane runs her own bakery, shop, and bread museum in the rural village of Aglona, south of Latvia's capital Riga. It's one of 300 small and medium sized businesses to benefit from a new loan scheme started by Latvia's Land and Mortgage Bank to encourage more women to go into business. Wed, 06 Jul 2011 13:06:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/why-women-count-latvia-born-to-be-in-business Latvia, Microfinance, Gender, Aglona, Glass ceiling, Baltic states, Riga, Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga, LinkTV Picks, tve >> TITLE: Why Women Count>> TITLE: Born to be in Business>> VOICEOVER: The latest research in Latvia shows that in many walks of life, men and women are still not equal. The president of Latvia, Vaira-Vike Freiberga, tried to break the glass ceiling at an international level, when she stood for the post of UN secretary general in 2006. Forty-four percent of women here find it difficult to start up businesses. So, the Land and Mortgage Bank of Latvia had recently targeted support of businesses owned by women. This has been seen as a welcome opportunity.>> JURIS CEBULIS [Mortgage and Land Bank of Latvia]: The total amount of money we have given out in loans is around 40 million Euros. More than 15 million of it has gone to businesses run by women -- around 300 projects altogether. For example, we find this is very important in the rural areas, where people are no longer working in agriculture and there are no jobs. Therefore this support has a social aspect as it provides new jobs. But it is clear as well that a person who has a natural talent for business must be given the opportunity to be in business, and there are a lot of women who should be in business. And, as it is sometimes harder for women to start their own businesses, we are very pleased to be able to help them.>> VOICEOVER: People are leaving small towns and villages. They move to bigger cities or go abroad to earn more money. All this prevents rural development and harms the countryside. But with a loan from the Land and Mortgage bank, Vija Ancane has managed to start her own business in the quiet village of Aglona, 200 kilometers from the capital, Riga. She runs a bakery, a shop and a bread museum, which attracts a steady stream of tourists.>> VIJA ANCANE: Please, come in. Sit down, please! Sit down, please! The Aglona bakery, which had existed for 30 years, was closed in 2000. I lost my job too. At that time, I had two teenage children. My eldest son was finishing school, but the youngest had just started. I had separated from my husband and I had to find a way to earn money. Besides, I felt that I wanted to have a business of my own. And now, now we have got this big loan from the bank. We are developing. We'll be able to have a hotel upstairs for the tourists. It will be a very traditional one; the only luxuries will be a shower and a toilet. The rest will be a straw mattress and some bedding and pillows filled with aromatic herbs. We started with a bakery. Then we opened the shop as well. This is our Latvian black bread, made of rye, prepared in the way our ancestors did, without any chemical additives. When I started my business, I had a lot of questions. And I have to say that it's the governmental departments and bureaucracy that can kill anyone. If you approach them with a simple question, "Please, explain this to me," they act as though they are superior. "Who are you? How dare you ask us?" I have experienced this. I have been in tears. And now I keep repeating that women should come together and solve their problems together. This is why we also set up a women's club, "Forget-me-nots" in Aglona. >> VIJA ANCANE: When I have guests from abroad or from Riga they are never concerned by the price of my bread -- it costs 70 cents. But when the local people come, they say that they can afford to buy it only once a week, just after payday -- after they get their salary, the pension or their child benefit. We don't have large salaries. I know that my workers deserve much higher salaries, but life is tough. I have to count each and every cent now. My biggest dream is that one day I will become the real owner of this house. And I am sure that one day, this will happen. >> VOICEOVER: Vija's eldest son is at present working in Denmark. But next year he will be ready to come home to work with his mother. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/why-women-count-kosovo-women-of-krusha Nineteen-year-old Ardiana Shehu has worked on her family's farm in the village of Krusha e Vogel, in southwest Kosovo, since she was 12. She, her mother, and her sisters do all the farm jobs that were traditionally men's work. Why? Almost 70 percent of Krusha's male population is still missing after the 1999 Serbian military offensive in Kosovo. Wed, 06 Jul 2011 12:06:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/why-women-count-kosovo-women-of-krusha Kosovo, Balkans, Agriculture & Food, Ethnic conflict, Agriculture, Pristina, Gender, Genocide, LinkTV Picks, tve >> TITLE: Why Women Count>> TITLE: Women of Krusha>> VOICEOVER: In rural Kosovo, farming is still regarded as a man?s job -- and it?s not just pepper farming. Almost all other work outside the house is seen as men?s work. But Ardiana Shehu, from the village of Krusha e Vogel in southwest Kosovo, has been doing this job since she was 12. She is now 19. Ardiana and her sisters do all the outside work that only a few years ago was considered something a woman could never do.>> ARDIANA SHEHU: This work is very difficult because we are all woman. And as there is no one else to do this work, we have to do it. In my family, my father and my two brothers are missing and there are no other men who can take care of these things, so we women have to do them.>> VOICEOVER: It was in the spring of 1999 in the nearby mountains that Ardiana saw her father and two brothers for the last time. The men were separated from the women of the village by Serbian military forces and were taken to an unknown destination, while the women fled to neighboring Albania. She never saw them again. Since the end of the war seven years ago, when Ardiana, her mother and her sisters returned to their houses, they have had to take on all the work that their father and brothers used to do. But in Krusha e Vogel, Ardiana?s situation is not exceptional. Around 120 men, almost 70 percent of the total male population of the village, are considered missing. So far only six bodies have been found. Witnesses claim that all of them were slaughtered, leaving the village inhabited almost only by women and children. Ardiana?s cousin, Bedri Shehu is one the few men from Krusha e Vogel to survive. At the time of the massacre, he was studying in the capital, Pristina.>> BEDRI SHEHU: They have a lot of courage, because in the beginning it was very difficult for them to adapt to the work that had been done exclusively by men. Women?s work was in the house -- that has been the custom for generations. But as time passed they realized that they could not survive without working, and so they committed themselves to it and found the courage to carry on.>> VOICEOVER: The women now make a modest living growing peppers to sell at the market. They didn?t know anything about this business until after the war. But thanks to a Kosovan Non Governmental Organization, Sisters Qiriazi, the women received training in farming and learned to drive the tractor. After the war ended, the coordinator, Marta Prekpalaj, started working in Krusha e Vogel.>> MARTA PREKPALAJ [Regional Coordinator, Qiriazi Sisters]: First I went from house to house with all my staff. We stayed with the women and ate with them too. Then we started organizing meetings in the school building, and talked with the women and girls who they gave us their ideas. We renovated a private house and opened the Qiriazi Sisters Center. Then the women gave us more suggestions and we publicized what had happened in Krusha e Vogel through the media and the Internet. Through this exposure a lot of donors came. It was the women themselves who came up with the ideas for the training courses.>> VOICEOVER: The Qiriazi Sisters didn?t just teach the women of Krusha about farming and how to drive -- they also taught them other professions. Lavdije Shehu also lost her husband, and now she is the sole breadwinner for herself and her two sons who are at primary school. >> LAVDIJE SHEHU: If I hadn?t learned how to be a tailor I wouldn?t have been able to survive, I wouldn?t have been able to support my family. My children wanted to go to school and I would?ve let them down.>> VOICEOVER: In Kosovo today, around 60 percent of the population are women, but only 30 percent of them are part of the general work force. On average, they are paid four times less than men.>> MARTA PREKPALAJ: Very often those of us who are working towards gender equality and on gender issues are seen as feminists and only working for women. We work for both genders. Without prosperity for men and women alike, Kosovo cannot develop.>> VOICEOVER: Despite this huge tragedy, and all the difficulties that they?ve been through, the children in the village look happy. This would not have been achieved without the love, courage and hard work of their mothers, the women of Krusha.>> TITLE: [End credits] http://www.viewchange.org/videos/why-women-count-uganda-enterprising-women Grace Lwemamu is manager of the family business Mulya Maize in Uganda. Mary Kaddu runs her own supermarket business. But both felt their lack of management expertise was holding them back. Now they have taken part in a new national mentoring scheme, pairing experienced businesswomen with would-be entrepreneurs in Uganda, equipping them with new confidence and negotiating skills. Wed, 06 Jul 2011 11:06:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/why-women-count-uganda-enterprising-women Uganda, Gender, Technology, Education, Business, Microfinance, LinkTV Picks, tve, Why Women Count >> TITLE: Why Women Count>> TITLE: Enterprising Women>> VOICEOVER: In Uganda successful professional and businesswomen are often put on a pedestal, celebrated yet isolated from the women beneath them. This situation makes it difficult for younger women to see them as role models. Women make up 40 percent of university graduates, yet only half of them find formal employment within two years of graduating. And now with the formal job market shrinking, many women are turning to the enterprise economy, setting up small and medium-sized businesses on their own or with their families. Grace graduated in design, but she is now working in the family maize-milling business. She needs to learn some essential skills to help her succeed. >> GRACE LWEMAMU [Manager, Mulya Maize Millers and Traders]: The people I work with -- the workers, mainly -- didn't ever recognize me as their manager. I don't know whether it was because I'm a woman or because I was young at that time. I don't know exactly. You tell them to do something, they first hesitate then you have to contact the director to see that something gets done.>> VOICEOVER: Breaking into the business world has been hard for many women in Uganda because women have far fewer role models. Now a new scheme set up by the British Council is giving young women the opportunity to be matched with experienced business and professional women. >> BOB GARVEY [Trainer, Mentoring Program]: Women in particular are very good at this because they tend to have a lot of motivation, are very creative, innovative, tend to be very determined to make these things succeed. And also something that women are very good at is relating to other people, persuading other people and so on, which are all important business skills in today's economy.>> VOICEOVER: At the Mothers of Hope Mentoring Club for HIV positive women, older members share their experiences with new members. Through this process, Jennifer and her friend have been able to set up a shop selling handicrafts and second-hand clothing.>> JENNIFER NAMUGERWA [Mothers of Hope, African Mentoring Institute]: When we came here to learn they taught us how to save money. I never knew how to save money, but now I can save. They even taught us the tactics of how to persuade a customer to buy and to like your product, and to buy it even when they would not have bought it. >> VOICEOVER: Already the course is yielding results, helping both new and existing entrepreneurs. As Commissioner in the Prison Services, Mary Kaddu is used to giving orders, but in her private supermarket business she had to develop new ways of communicating. >> MARY KADDU [Commissioner, Uganda Prisons Services]: Before I went on the course, I used to use the parent to child approach whereby I was just commanding and giving orders to my workers, but now I am using the adult to adult approach. We sit together with my workers, we discuss, and we look at challenges. At the end of the day we come out with solutions to make the business better.>> VOICEOVER: During the four-day course, 30 experienced business and professional women are trained in business skills: to listen, to question, to spot and to negotiate business opportunities. These mentors are matched with three or four young women entrepreneurs. The perception the older and younger women have of one another has started to change. >> MARY KADDU: The problem is not only with the experienced ladies, but also with the young girls. Sometimes they are very arrogant and they don't want to take orders from the experienced ladies.>> VOICEOVER: Mary is now able to help former female prisoners set up their own business ventures.>> MARY KADDU: After my mentoring I went to the women who have passed out, who have some businesses, and I talked to them about negotiation skills and communication skills. Then we talk to them about how to make plans, how to decide which is the best program or the best business for them. At the end of the day when they are financially stable, then I know their men won't leave them.>> TITLE: [End credits] http://www.viewchange.org/videos/why-women-count-south-africa-finding-grace Seventy-four year-old Ma Grace Masuku is a community health worker with a mission. She works with young women in South Africa's rural areas, passing on the traditional knowledge she learned from her grandmother to encourage entrepreneurship and self-respect. Wed, 06 Jul 2011 10:06:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/why-women-count-south-africa-finding-grace South Africa, Education, Africa, Poverty reduction, Gender, Change Makers, Poverty, Health, LinkTV Picks, tve >> TITLE: Why Women Count>> TITLE: South Africa has one of the most progressive constitutions in the world. Yet, 150 women are raped every day and one in five young women die of AIDS.>> MA GRACE MASUKU: You know, we are so rural, if we don't just stand up and do things for ourselves, we will die. >> TITLE: Finding Grace>> MALE RADIO PRESENTER: In New York City, as we approach twelve noon, you are tuned to listener-supported, commercial-free community radio WBAI.>> FEMALE RADIO PRESENTER: Our guest, Ma Grace Masuku, is a widely recognized traditionalist, environmentalist, and community worker. Ma Grace, welcome to Global Medicine Review.>> MA GRACE MASUKU: Thanks. I come from South Africa, and in South Africa when you grow up you grow up with the grandmothers. As people got more sophisticated and educated I remembered my grandmother. And I said, "I'm not going to die without [passing on] this education." So I started what I call traditional conservation clubs in schools. Come closer and have a look at this. This is the best measles cure you have on this earth. It gets all the viruses and all the bacteria out of your system. I think in the past we had our hands tied, because we were not allowed to think. We had to toe the line all the time. But today you can do anything. >> TEACHER: You may start typing.>> MA GRACE MASUKU: Women have come out now with mighty talents that we did not think of. That's your main challenge. The challenge is to create sustainable livelihoods. I bring women together and we hear from other women about what they are doing in their communities. We tap into the experience of the women there -- what they do best. And what is important is that it's not something that she copied, it's something within her culture. These women, without a salary from anyone, are running this road safety creche. And they are dipping into their own pension money to keep the creche running. They give the children food. They wash the children. That is the most significant thing about these women. They are just wonderful. They are just wonderful. Mrs. Mbeki asked us to start what she calls a caravan where we go into a community and stay for a time, to help them start projects. It is always the woman who brings light. This is the sign of the sun and the moon and this home has got light. And then when the projects are firm and we can see that they are well established, then we can move on to another province. Because that is the only way you are going to fight poverty and unemployment in South Africa. I don't think there is any other country that has even passed a law that encourages everybody to have women as entrepreneurs, as whatever.>> MALE RADIO PRESENTER: Well, we're slowly winding down here. Ma Grace, please, any closing words for us?>> MA GRACE MASUKU: When you come to South Africa, don't come as a tourist. Come to the village! Let me take you to other old women. Get exposed to Africa itself. Sit with us in the evening and see how we mentor the young children and prove to you that what I say is not myth, and that Africa is still Africa.>> MALE RADIO PRESENTER: You've been listening to our special guest from South Africa, Ma Grace Masuku.>> TITLE: [End credits] http://www.viewchange.org/videos/why-women-count-nigeria-love-of-indigo Nike Okundaye is an internationally renowned artist specializing in Adire, the traditional Yoruba indigo art from western Nigeria. She has used her craft to overcome a difficult past, and now trains disenfranchised young Nigerian women, including former sex workers in Italy. Wed, 06 Jul 2011 09:06:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/why-women-count-nigeria-love-of-indigo Nigeria, Education, Adire (textile art), Women's rights, Gender, Ogidi, Kogi State, Gender equality, Abuja, African art, UNIFEM >> TITLE: Why Women Count>> TITLE: Love of Indigo>> VOICEOVER: Nike Okundaye is an acclaimed, versatile artist of international repute, specializing in indigo art called Adire. Adire, also called "tie and dye," is traditional Yoruba textile art, originating in western Nigeria. Nike's art is celebrated far beyond Nigeria's borders. Her work is displayed in many museums including the Museum of African Art in New York. But Nike's strength and success comes from a hard life. She lost her mother at six, escaped a forced marriage at 13, and eventually triumphed over a polygamous marriage, physical abuse, and poverty. This hardship inspired her to train other women.>> NIKE OKUNDAYE [Artist]: I suffered when I was growing up. I did bricklaying, and farming. There is nothing I did not do. >> SIGN: Batik Studio>> NIKE OKUNDAYE: Why I started that training school is because a lot of women who have been thrown out of their husband's house, they cannot get a job and nobody is allowed to accommodate them. That is why I started the training center. I provided accommodation for them to be able to live there, eat, and also do some work with their hands.>> VOICEOVER: Nike's training center started in 1983 with 10 disenfranchised women. Today, she has trained over 4,000 men and women, and set up three training schools in Oshogbo, Abuja, and Ogidi Ijumu. She provides students with free tuition, art materials, and housing, and trains them in Adire, weaving, and quilting, as well as pottery, painting, music, and dance.>> NIKE OKUNDAYE: I used to do a lot of workshops overseas. Any money I earned I would divide it into three: one for myself, one for my center, and one for the family and my artwork. >> VOICEOVER: Currently there are 40 women doing Adire and weaving in Nike's center in Ogidi Ijumu in western Nigeria.>> AGNES UMECHE [Weaving Teacher]: Before, the proceeds from farming and processing cassava were not enough for me to take care of my children with. I was only just getting by. But when I started doing this weaving I achieved something because now, in a month, if I calculate all the work that I do and the profit I make, I can earn more than USD$120. I use this profit to pay for my kids' schooling, to take care of myself and also to support my mother.>> VOICEOVER: In Nigeria, where yearly earnings are barely USD$700, these women earn more than double the income of the average citizen. >> TOLUPE LEWIS-TAMOKA [UNIFEM Program Specialist]: There is no doubt that when a woman can stand on her own and do things on her own she becomes empowered, she has a voice; she can make choices; she can make decisions about herself, about her reproductive rights; she can support her children to get an education, and she can also have an influence on her community because it's all the political process.>> VOICEOVER: In a country where barely six percent of elected officials are women, well below the international affirmative action goal of 30 percent, Nike's empowerment is giving women the confidence to vote, especially during an election year.>> AGNES UMECHE: I don't normally take bribes from anybody because tomorrow, if the elected official is there, I have a right to challenge him or her and tell them that I voted for you for a specific purpose and why haven't you fulfilled your election promises?>> VOICEOVER: Nike's training has also helped illegal Nigerian immigrants in Europe. By invitation of the Italian government, Nike trained and mentored over 1,000 commercial sex workers in textile art. >> NIKE OKUNDAYE: Five thousands Nigerian girls are in Italy, in Torino. A lot of them are victims. They don't know that they are going there to become a prostitute. I was teaching 120 in a day and they saw that they could make more money with this textile than the sex.>> VOICEOVER: As a result of the training, many women left the streets, and the Italian authorities adopted the training program permanently. They also gave Nike a national honor. Nike's lessons in artistic enterprise have provided a voice, renewed hope, and a livelihood for marginalized women across Nigeria and the world.>> TITLE: [end credits] http://www.viewchange.org/videos/why-women-count-ghana-picking-up-the-pieces Thirty-two year old Comfort Adongo is back in school in Bolgatanga, northern Ghana. Comfort was just 14 when a stranger kidnapped and sexually abused her. Abduction and forced marriage of young girls is a growing phenomenon in this part of Ghana. Now back home with her parents, she is determined to finish her schooling and rebuild her life. Wed, 06 Jul 2011 08:06:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/why-women-count-ghana-picking-up-the-pieces Ghana, Gender, Education, Gender equality, Forced marriage, Domestic violence, Upper East Region, LinkTV Picks, tve, Why Women Count >> TITLE: Why Women Count>> VOICEOVER: Bolgatanga is the capital of the Upper East Region in northern Ghana. Poverty is prevalent in this part of the country, and this makes poor families readily give their young daughters in marriage just to receive the bride price. But a worrying trend is the kidnapping of young girls by their admirers. These girls are later forced to marry their admirers. In the next few minutes we'll follow the story of one woman, Comfort Adongo, who in spite of being forced into marriage while still in Class Five, is determined to make it in life no matter the odds. >> TITLE: Picking up the Pieces >> VOICEOVER: This is Comfort Adongo, a 32 year-old woman from Bolga. She is in the first year of the junior secondary school -- a class for pupils between the ages of 13 and 15 years. Comfort's education was disrupted at the age of 14 when a man she doesn't know kidnapped and sexually abused her.>> COMFORT ADONGO [Victim of forced marriage]: When they kidnapped me, I wept and wept for four days.>> VOICEOVER: Later, her kidnapper contacted her family to perform the traditional marriage rites. The family initially rejected the bride price and demanded that Comfort be returned to them. But later they could no longer resist the offer of four cows, valued at 4 million cedis, or USD$400. A report by the Commission on Human Rights and Administrative Justice in Ghana, has described forced marriage as the major human rights abuse issue in the North. Forcing girls below the age of eighteen to marry is a criminal offence in Ghana, yet very few cases have been reported, let alone for the perpetrators to be prosecuted. The Domestic Violence and Victims Support Unit in Bolga explains.>> JEROME KANYOG [Assistant Superintendent, Domestic Violence and Victims Support Unit]: Because they see it as normal usually there is a bit of hesitation on the part of the victim in going to the police. That's the main reason why we haven't received cases like these. It's a common practice. Because this year when we went to the Builsa district for the People's Assembly, the people who were there -- the public, their contributions -- one of them just came and stated categorically that the practice of marrying of children as young as eight, ten, and nine is still rampant.>> VOICEOVER: When Comfort's daughter was less than two years old, her husband deserted her for another woman. When life became very tough, Comfort moved back to her parent's home. But when her absentee husband heard that she had found another man, he followed her back to her family home and beat her up when he heard that she had found another lover. Local non-governmental organizations have taken the lead to sensitize the people, especially traditional and opinion leaders as well as women's groups, about the dangers of forced marriage. One such organization is the Anglican Diocesan Development Organization.>> COMFORT KANCO-ACKEP [Anglican Diocesan Development Organization]: I think that somebody has to start from somewhere. You can imagine the psychological trauma that lady will go through. Someone who you do not love, and you are just kidnapped. I mean, you are treated as an animal and your human dignity is taken away completely. And I think that it is very bad. I come from this part of the country and I don't agree with it.>> VOICEOVER: The Widows and Orphans Ministry, another NGO led by Madame Betsy Ayagiba is the organization that pays for Comfort's school fees and buys her uniform. She weaves hats for a living. >> COMFORT ADONGO: I want to be a nurse in future. If God helps me, I should be somebody in the future.>> TITLE: [end credits] http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-team-episode-13-face-off The tumultuous first season of Imani FC's existence has boiled down to this, the championship game. They must put all that they have learned about perseverance and teamwork together into one full match of stellar play to win against all odds. Do they have what it takes? Wed, 29 Jun 2011 08:33:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-team-episode-13-face-off Kenya, Education, Ethnic conflict, Ethnic group, Gender, Change Makers, The Team: Kenya, search for common ground, Soccer, LinkTV Picks >> KEZIA: Tina, sorry.>> TINA: They say there is no evidence. How would I have known?>> KEZIA: Are you sure you would be in a position to play today?s game?>> TINA: Why wouldn't I?>> KEZIA: Are you sure?>> TINA: We have to go and win that tournament. Anyway, let me get ready so we can go to the game, okay?>> KEZIA: Okay, don?t worry.>> JUMA: Hi Abbas. I?m talking to you Abbas. Abbas, I?m talking to you.>> COACH: Team, we have a game today, a major game. It is the final. Let's go out there and win. The journey to get here has not been easy. We started as a group of individuals, but now we're a team. It's true we've had our ups and downs, but now this is the crucial moment, the time we've all been waiting for. So guys, I want you to go out there and give it your best shot. All right? All right, team?>> TEAM: Yes, coach.>> BEN: I have something, for Priest.>> MR. BUKENYA: Quick! Look organized, the press in on their way. Why the armbands? >> JOHARI: It's in memory of Priest.>> MR. BUKENYA: But he died under suspicious circumstances.>> OLI: Priest was one of us.>> KEZIA: We are not going to play without the armbands.>> MR. BUKENYA: Coach, you will let them behave like this?>> COACH: Ben, give me an armband.>> BETH: Me too.>> MR. BUKENYA: Armband. Thank you, members of the press, for coming. >> JUMA: Are you playing today? I?m talking to you Abbas. Aren't you playing today? >> ABBAS: I don't think so.>> JUMA: Why not?>> ABBAS: I resigned in disgrace, as you so like to remind me.>> JUMA: Don?t you think you?re teammates need you more now that your friend is dead? You know Abbas, if I were you I?d go out and play that match and help your team.>> MR. BUKENYA: I?d like to take this opportunity to inform you that though we've lost a crucial member of the team, the players have agreed to play this match in memory of -->> BETH: Pristiera Mukwanja.>> MR. BUKENYA: Yes, of him. Even in this time of pain and sadness, Imani Co-ed Football Team will make sure it plays this game to the best ability possible, isn?t it?>> TEAM: Yes.>> MR. BUKENYA: That will be all. Thank you very much.>> MAN 1: One question please. >> MR. BUKENYA: That will be all. Thank you.>> COACH: Tighten the midfield. Tighten! Song, Song!>> BETH: I'll have to substitute you.>> KEZIA: I can play.>> BETH: You could end up damaging your foot completely.>> KEZIA: I'm going to play.>> BETH: Even against my advice?>> COACH: Beth, How's she doing?>> KEZIA: I'm fine!>> BETH: Not good.>> KEZIA: Come on coach, you know we have to win this game and we cannot win it by playing a defensive game. Coach, all the players left on the bench are all defenders.>> COACH: Doctor, you think she can hold until the end? >> DOCTOR: If it's well bandaged, yes.>> COACH: All right, do what you must. When I first started coaching this team, I knew I was in trouble. Big trouble. Today, when I watch you play, I realize how far you've come, how much we?ve invested both as individuals and as a team. I am proud to be your coach.>> BEN: I wish Abbas were here. We would have shown this team who they're messing with.>> COACH: That is probably true, but we have to depend on who we have now. All right? All right team?>> TEAM: Yes coach.>> COACH: Johari.>> JOHARI: Okay guys, let's gather around. On the count of three: one for Priest and one for Imani. One, two, three. Who is this game for?>> TEAM: Priest!>> JOHARI: Who are the best footballers ever?>> TEAM: Imani FC!>> SONG: All right guys, lets go to it.>> MOTHER: How can you disrespect me so much?>> COACH: Mother, what are you talking about?>> MOTHER: You kicked me out of your house so Johari can continue being captain?>> COACH: But Ma, she is a good captain.>> MOTHER: A good captain and yet they have already been beaten two to zero? I told you, people of that tribe are not people you work with.>> LULU: Grandma, Dad isn't like that, he doesn't believe in all this tribe business.>> MOTHER: We know what they did to your mom. We will not forgive them nor accept them.>> LULU: Dad already has.>> MOTHER: You're too young to understand this, and do not speak to me like that.>> LULU: He paid the hospital bill for Kezia's brother.>> MOTHER: What did he do?>> KEZIA: It was you? You paid for my bill? You paid for my brother's bill.>> LULU: I told you!>> KEZIA: But why?>> COACH: Kezia, just go play; we?ll talk after the match.>> KEZIA: Thank you coach.>> MOTHER: You even went ahead and paid hospital bills for one of them! >> COACH: This has to stop right now. For how long will we blame each other?>> MOTHER: For how long? How long? These people, we cannot accept them.>> LULU: Why Grandma, what did Johari ever do to you? Or Kezia's brother?>> MOTHER: You are too young to understand what is going on, do you hear me? >> LULU: Why grandma because, it's the truth? If we all focus on being different tribes, what makes us Kenyans? Sorry Dad.>> COACH: No, it's okay Lulu. She had to be told the truth. And I?m glad it came from you. Now let's go to the pitch and win.>> COACH: Abbas, what a surprise! >> ABBAS: Coach, let me play. Please.>> COACH: Well, it doesn?t depend on me. It depends on them.>> ABBAS: I?m so sorry about everything. Please let me back.>> JUMA: What's he doing? Go Abbas, go!>> COACH: Team, I am proud of you. I am proud of you all and the way you played. You showed excellent team spirit. Despite all that was going on against you, you played a superb match. It is a pity that we lost and even I don?t know the fate of this team. Just know I am honored to have been your coach, and given the chance, I would coach you guys any day.>> BETH: I?m also please to have worked with you. I grew a lot during this whole process and I think -->> MR. BUKENYA: That was unbelievable, guys! I?ve never been that entertained in my whole life! That was awesome. >> MR. BUKENYA: Attention, attention. Thank you. I have an announcement to make. I think I?d rather let our technical director Mr. "Ghost" Mulee make it. >> JACOB "GHOST" MULEE: Thank you Mr. Bukenya. I would like to announce that after very careful scrutiny of the match records, the board that runs the league has decided to award Imani FC the "Best Sportsmanship Award.? That?s not all. You are also qualified for the next championship. I think you should all be proud of this achievement.>> MR. BUKENYA: Why the long faces? To add to that, I have decided that I will sponsor the team for the next season. All right, all right. Settle down. And coach, what do you have to say to that.>> COACH: Thank you, thank you.>> MR. BUKENYA: Congratulations. Can we get applause for that please? >> COACH: So, how many of you will be with us in the next championship?>> BETH: Well, I really don't think that?s the kind of decision we want to make right now. Let?s party. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-team-episode-12-challenging-moments Still reeling from Priest's murder, Imani FC must begin the process of grieving while dealing with the trial of the policeman who assaulted Tina. Will these challenging moments bring them together as a team? Mon, 27 Jun 2011 08:07:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-team-episode-12-challenging-moments Kenya, Gender, Ethnic conflict, Ethnic group, The Team: Kenya, Change Makers, Education, LinkTV Picks, search for common ground, Priest >> KEZIA: What?s up bro! You look fat.>> RODEZ: I?m okay, have I grown fat?>> KEZIA: Why have you grown this fat?>> RODEZ: It?s this bad hospital food.>> KEZIA: Come on, you look fine.>> RODEZ: And I feel better too! But you? You don?t look very well. What?s up?>> KEZIA: It?s Priest. He?s dead. Murdered.>> RODEZ: I?m so sorry Kezia.>> KEZIA: And to make matters worst, I hear he was involved in crime. He lied to us, all of us. I?ll never forgive him. Never!>> RODEZ: Kezia, being here in the hospital has made me appreciate life. And life is too short to hold grudges.>> KEZIA: I know, but it?s hard.>> RODEZ: He lied to you, fine, that was wrong. But his behavior to you was one of a friend. That?s all that matters. Remember the good and forgive the bad.>> KEZIA: I know, but it?s hard.>> RODEZ: I know. Now what have you brought for me, hospital food is terrible. >> KEZIA: I have just remembered that I have to go somewhere. But this will make you happy.>> BEN: You did nothing. The biggest match of our lives is coming soon, and you make it worst by being a lousy player.>> OLI: Me? Come on man, you weren?t passing the ball to anybody.>> BEN: You suck.>> OLI: What?>> TINA: Boys, relax! Stop fighting, okay? I have a plan. Get up quickly, come here. Okay guys; for the sake of Priest let?s take a moment of silence. >> OLI: Okay. Thank you so much everybody. So, what was your plan?>> TINA: My plan is very simple. This thing of blaming each other when we get off the field is not good. We have come here as a team. Is that true? >> TEAM: It?s true.>> TINA: Okay good. For the team: One! Two! Three! Team! >> TEAM: Team! >> TINA: Someone to go and call coach and Beth.>> COACH: What?s that for Tina?>> TINA: This is for writing all the things we liked about Priest and what we like about teammates.>> PRIEST: Hey my guys, now what about this showoff plan of ours? Someone cannot spill the flour while looking. You ladies are the ones selling us off. If you don?t want to meet head on with someone who has the ball then there is nothing you are doing on the pitch.>> TINA: Then why don?t you just become a goalkeeper?>> PRIEST: Why would someone steal from us? Give us our money then we?ll give you your practice.>> TEAM: Give us our money and we?ll give you you?re practice. Give us our money and we?ll give you you?re practice.>> JOHARI: Are you crazy?>> PRIEST: People haven?t been paid. These people don?t respect us, so we shouldn?t respect them. Coach, you can?t handle this incident it is over you by nine feet. Pay us or we?ll pay you. >> PRIEST: Coach, we were all afraid. By that time people were dancing to the music, sir. >> COACH: What else would they be dancing to?>> PRIEST: Yes, the music, the music.>> PREACHER: God's people, it is well. On behalf of the church, bring your condolences to mama Priest. We are so sorry. Today is a sad day. It is a sad day that we have to see off son Priest. Can we bow our heads and pray? Our God and our father, we thank you for this beautiful day, we thank you because all things happen because we have allowed them to happen. Big questions come to us. Why did it have to happen? We thank you father because we have answers to these questions. We thank you, we give you glory and we give your honor. Thank you Jesus. Different people will express their love differently, and we are all unique. We've got to understand our fellow brothers and sisters.>> MEN: For your trip, keep yourself with that! Priest! Priest! >> PREACHER: Brothers and sisters, different people have different ways of expressing their feelings and we have to allow our brothers to express their own feelings. >> MAN 1: Priest, we are missing you big time, you know we miss you. It?s your brother.>> PREACHER: By man came death; by man came also the resurrection of the dead. For as in Adam, all die, even so in Christ all must be made alive. For every man in his own order, Christ, the first food afterwards the time Christ shall come. Behold I show you a mystery, we shall not all sleep, we shall all be changed. >> PREIST?S MOM: No! No!>> PREACHER: Amen. Members, ashes to ashes -- >> PREIST?S MOM: My son.>> PREACHER: -- Dust to dust.>> PREIST?S MOM: My son. No! My Son.>> MAN 2: Everything that we did together, take that. Peace, my friend.>> MAN 3: This one man, you quench your thirst on your journey, peace my friend.>> MAN 4: Priest man, we miss you big time.>> MAN 5: This is yours man, for quenching your thirst on your journey.>> PREACHER: Oh death, why is you stay? Let?s pray. In our God and our father, we thank you for this service and we do know that one day we will meet again with our son, with our brother and our comrade. We ask you general masses, thank you that you continue to comfort this family. In Jesus? name we pray in beneath. Now with the grace of all of Jesus Christ and the love of God and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit be with us now and forever more. Amen.>> JOHARI: Tina, you look great. >> TINA: Thank you, thank you. You don?t have to sound so surprised. I?m so scared. >> KEZIA: Come on Tina; don?t be scared. Here, have this. It was Priest?s. He told me it brought him good luck. I really hope it brings you good luck.>> TINA: I hope so. Thank you.>> COACH: Beth, what time is the hearing?>> BETH: Eleven.>> COACH: What does the lawyer say?>> BETH: No DNA evidence.>> COACH: So it?s her word against his.>> TINA: What if he comes after me later on?>> JOHARI: Come on, he?ll be in prison.>> TINA: But what if he isn?t?>> COACH: Tina, whatever you?re doing is incredibly brave. We are going to be with you when you come back. No matter the outcome. >> OLI: Coach, we took a vote.>> COACH: Here we go again. Let?s here it.>> JOHARI: Coach, we would like to ask if we could miss training today so we can be with Tina. She really needs us. >> COACH: Sure, Johari?s right. I wish I?d thought of it. For better or worse, we?re all in this together. Right?>> TEAM: Yes coach.>> COACH: Let?s pray.>> JUDGE: Are the defense and prosecution ready with their submissions?>> PROSECUTOR: Yes, your honor.>> JUDGE: Carry on.>> PROSECUTOR: Your honor, we are asking that this court find the accused guilty of the crime of rape, which happened on the third of February 2008. Your honor, my client is a disadvantaged young girl who is an orphan and who takes care of other orphans with whom she lives in Bangladesh Slum. Her only mistake your honor on that day was to seek assistance on that day from a group of policemen and who were manning a roadblock in the area. This was to rush a young child who was in her care to the hospital. However, contrary to the police call of service to all, the accused, instead of helping my client, pulled her into an alley where he raped her. Your honor, we are talking about an eighteen year old who is emotionally disturbed by the actions and the crime committed by this man. She is a young girl who is committed to serving humanity even in adversity. This is a young girl who is traumatized by the actions of the very person that she went to seeking help. Your honor, this is Tina, who is emotionally distressed by the actions and the crime committed by that man and because of the subsequent death of the child who could not make it to the hospital. Your honor, the prosecution feels that it has proved, beyond the shadow of a doubt, its case. My client has given a clear and consistent account of the events of the evening of the third of February 2008. The testimony and evidence we feel are sufficient to convict the accused. To prove a rape case, your honor, we do not need an eyewitness. Your honor, we ask this court to find the accused guilty of the crime of rape. These are the prosecutions? humble submissions your honor, thank you.>> JUDGE: Defense.>> DEFENSE: Your honor, it is self evident that the prosecution has miserably failed to prove this case. The complainant here, and the prosecution team, did not avail any witness before this court. Furthermore, there was no medical evidence brought forward to support this case. For these reasons, I humbly request that you acquit my client in accordance with the law. These are the submissions of the defense. Thank you your honor.>> JUDGE: The court will break for an hour recess before I make my ruling. The court takes note that rape is a very serious crime and on the increase in our society. It?s time society, and particularly men, deceased from using women as objects. What happened to the complainant was terrible and should never happen to anybody. The law is there to protect. Ms. Tina Sombayo, what you did today was very brave and I wish more women would come forward like you did. However, the court requires evidence to convict and in this case the court had not been provided with medical evidence to sustain conviction. There was a glaring lapse in the time of reporting the crime that would have been very crucial in this case. I am very, very sorry, but I have no option but to dismiss this case. >> TINA: Animal, animal.>> JUDGE: I am very, very sorry, but I have no option but to dismiss this case.>> OLI: I?m sorry Tina. I?m so sorry.>> TINA: That fool has to pay! You know what Oli? A guy like you doesn?t deserve to be here wasting your time playing kids? games.>> OLI: But I love football Tina. What should I do, should I quit?>> TINA: Fine, it?s talent, but you should fight for people like us, fight for me at least. >> OLI: I?ll think of something. I?m sorry. You?ll be fine. Okay?>> TINA: Okay. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/element-igor In the midst of the chaos of Rio de Janeiro, a group of people is fighting back against the environmental degradation caused by big agrobusiness. Igor has devoted his life to urban farming, and is proving that there is a sustainable way to feed a growing planet. Fri, 24 Jun 2011 11:04:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/element-igor Brazil, Environment, Agriculture & Food, Urban agriculture, Rio de Janeiro, tve, Farmer, Family farm, LinkTV Picks, Element: Action on Earth >> WOMAN 1: Put one hand like this and make the other rigid. >> IGOR: Rigid?>> WOMAN 1: And grab with this, like this.>> IGOR: Like this? Like this? She?s a very good teacher!>> WOMAN 1: More or less. >> IGOR: I am kidding. >> TITLE: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil>> IGOR: Here is chaos. It is a crazy city to live in. A lot of cars, a lot of people, a lot of bad things happen. We have big social inequality. One of the only things I like in the city is the capoeira. >> TITLE: Igor>> IGOR: And urban farming. Urban farmers are people that live in the cities and grow food in their homes, in church, wherever they can. This land used to be a factory. Maybe people think that it?s a garbage dump, but it?s not. Almost all the terrains in the city are destroyed, so we have to restore their life. >> IGOR: I?m better at food gardens. >> IGOR: When I first heard about this from the university, I thought, "Food gardens! Great idea! Why not? Let?s do it!" In the cities, people sell their work. And with this money they buy poisonous food planted with the destruction of nature. We don?t have to live like this. >> IGOR: Who is going to help me water the plant?>> BOY 1: Me! Me! Me!>> IGOR: So get the watering can. Today was a really good day. Now we only need a little more plants from other urban farmers to put here. Our relationship with these farmers is not an economical relationship. It is a mutual aid relationship. >> IGOR: We have to cut all this grass. It?s going to be a little hard, because of the sun. This grass is too thick. I think we are not going to finish today. When we need seeds to plant in other places, we can come here and pick up some for free. It?s very nice to have them as a friend. It?s sweet. They?re tired. This is the rural university. I?m trying to graduate. Always busy. >> IGOR: Food is the basis of everything. What is happening in Brazil -- all the food that comes from the big owners of land goes outside of the country. The big farmers cut down the trees in the rainforest and then they plant soy to feed the European cows. And I think it?s very bad. Our planet needs this rainforest. I was born in the city. And I didn?t know the powerful things I know now. We have to go after this knowledge. >> IGOR: Mr. Ze Ferreira was a normal farmer. But then he started to look differently at nature. He?s trying to show the people there is another possibility of agriculture. In agroecology we have a lot of different plants renewing the land and the soil and the nature, and we have family farmers helping each other. Everything we do, we learned with the family farmers. I love Mr. Ze Ferreira -- he is my real teacher. Before I used to watch television, play video games, and go to the mall. Now I do food gardens. It would be very nice to stay in the countryside. But there is still a lot of work to do in the cities. >> MAN 1: You are infantile. You are childish. >> IGOR: The capoeira players and the family farmers are survivors. They are fighting for their survival. I think I am going to stay in Rio, because this city needs a lot of food gardens. We still have a lot of work to do.>> TITLE: Element>> TITLE: www.element-tv.net>> TITLE: For more information, please visit: http://www.tve.org http://www.viewchange.org/videos/element-bremley Bremley comes from Manglia, India, where his clan tends to the local forest. He is seeking investors for a social enterprise to plant thousands of trees in an effort to combat climate change and benefit his local community at the same time. Fri, 24 Jun 2011 10:04:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/element-bremley India, Environment, Carbon sequestration, Climate change and poverty, Meghalaya, Plant nursery, tve, Sri Lanka, LinkTV Picks, Element: Action on Earth >> TITLE: Element>> BREMLEY: My clan is the caretakers of the Lyngdoh Sacred Forests in Meghalaya, India; so really, taking care of the trees is in my blood. But all this seems so far away from London. >> TITLE: London, U.K.>> BREMLEY: I need to be here to get my social enterprise going. We?re going to plant millions of trees, starting from seven countries, to fight climate change. I?ve got to get investors to get my plans underway. I know it?s worth it, but sometimes I feel so disconnected from where it?s all happening. I really need to get back on the road, get back in touch with why I?m doing this. >> TITLE: Sri Lanka>> BREMLEY: It?s all starting here in Sri Lanka. We?ve got one tree nursery going. I haven?t seen it yet, but I can imagine it. >> TITLE: Bremley>> BREMLEY: Rubber trees grow fast here. >> BREMLEY: I?m like Spiderman, spinning my web. >> BREMLEY: First we plant them, then when they?re five years old we?ll be able to tap them and make things like surgical gloves and condoms out of the rubber. >> BREMLEY: Oh boy, that smells really bad!>> BREMLEY: The trees will absorb carbon from the atmosphere, and the rubber will give jobs to the people here, so you?re fighting climate change and poverty. At least that?s how it works in theory. >> BREMLEY: We?re off to our little nursery. This is the first time that I am going there so it is very exciting. This is the base. This is the launch pad. Wow, it?s a nice place. This is what I?ve been dreaming about. Actually seeing it happening. These seedlings are like my babies. >> BREMLEY: How old are these? Two weeks? >> CHANDRA: One week.>> BREMLEY: One week old. >> BREMLEY: It?s only a few seedlings now, but eventually there?ll be millions of trees. And not just in Sri Lanka. We want to do organic plantations in at least six countries, including India. My heart is set on making it happen in India. I want to go home. >> TITLE: India>> BREMLEY: My clan?s sacred forest is one of the only forests still standing here. All the trees around it have been cut down. And you know, this used to be the rainiest place on Earth. But now, with no trees around, it?s like a desert. That?s why it?s important for me to plant here. Getting the plantations going in India is going to be much harder. I have to convince the local chiefs to let us plant trees on their land. If they don?t agree, the whole project could fail. And I really don?t want that. >> BREMLEY: Finally home, sweet home. Hi Mommy! I?ve got to prepare myself. Just got little time. I?m really nervous, because I think it?s going to be really hard to make the chiefs work together. I really hope I can make this take off. >> BREMLEY: First of all, I want to take this opportunity to thank each and every one of you for coming to this first meeting. >> BREMLEY: The chiefs are interested, but it will take a lot of trust for us to work together. They?re a bit worried because things have gone wrong in the past. I need to convince them that this will work, and even change people?s lives. Including mine. I met Chandra at the Sri Lankan nursery. >> BREMLEY: This is your land. Thank you for hosting our little babies on our land. He showed me how everything worked there. Well, tried to.>> BREMLEY: I just threw the bucket and the rope in the well!>> BREMLEY: He?s my age, but he?s an orphan. >> BREMLEY: Oh my god, I?m so sorry I dropped your bucket. >> BREMLEY: He has to look after his four siblings, but he was unemployed before. He told me that being a rubber expert was his dream. And now his dream is coming true. And now he?s making my dream come true by taking care of the nursery. If the chiefs agree, then maybe there could be more people like Chandra. >> BREMLEY: It was amazing. Just with a group of five or six people, we have close to about three thousand hectares already. >> BREMLEY: It looks like we?re going to be planting trees at home again. Life in London doesn?t seem so disconnected now. I know there are people out there who believe in this like I do. It?s early days, but we?re starting to make things better. >> BREMLEY: It?s always easy to destroy things, and it?s very hard to create and regenerate things. And that?s what we?re in, this business. It?s regenerating, recreating. And save the planet. >> TITLE: Element>> TITLE: www.element-tv.net>> TITLE: For more information, please visit: http://www.tve.org http://www.viewchange.org/videos/element-courtney Courtney is a boxer and a climate change fighter. Her company works to create environmental solutions all around the world. She's going to need all the toughness she can get from boxing to fight the biggest fight the planet has ever had. Fri, 24 Jun 2011 09:04:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/element-courtney China, Climate change, Nanjing, Greenhouse gas, Environment, Methane, Landfill, tve, LinkTV Picks, Element: Action on Earth >> TITLE: Element>> TITLE: Oxford, London>> COURTNEY: I like to push myself to the edge. You need to be able to respond to change instantaneously. And you need to be able to think quickly. I train with the Oxford University Boxing Club. >> COACH: And again. >> COURTNEY: And then I also fight climate change. >> COACH: And again. >> COURTNEY: Guess I'm up for a challenge. >> COACH: And again. That's it. >> TITLE: Courtney>> COURTNEY: My job has pretty much only existed for a few years. Our company is growing a lot so we are hiring a lot of new staff. So I went to China to give them two weeks of intensive training to get them started. I'm very excited; I've never been to China before. It's my first time. I love to travel. There are so many amazing places in this world and I want to see as many of them as possible. >> TITLE: The Great Wall, China>> COURTNEY: My company has 45 different nationalities in it. We somehow have the Welsh flag as our tour guide. Weekdays I was a professor, and weekends their friend who they were climbing the Great Wall with. Chinese sweets. Teacher's pet, what? Really glamorous? If you call going to sites looking at pig feces and walking around on landfills glamorous. No. >> TITLE: Nanjing, China>> COURTNEY: About 700 tons of rubbish comes to the Nanjing landfill site every day. And, as all that decomposes, it creates a lot of methane. The amount of impact that methane has on contributing to climate change is 21 times stronger than carbon dioxide. So instead of releasing to the atmosphere and making climate change worse, we use it to make clean energy. >> COACH: Away you go.>> COURTNEY: I have quite a lot of energy so I do a lot of sports. I used to be a really serious gymnast and then I got injured, so I started boxing a couple of years ago. It's definitely an adrenaline rush. Your body goes into fight or flight. >> COACH: And time. >> COURTNEY: What we do is we put pipes that go down about 10 meters. And then we cover the landfill. And all the methane goes up through the pipes to a generator, and then the generator combusts the methane to produce electricity. We find these projects that need this extra funding, and then I also work on the monitoring to prove that they are reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Everyone creates greenhouse gas emissions in their life, in what they use. And so, if you want to balance that off, or "offset" it, you can help fund these projects. Offsetting is not going to save the world. But it's one of the many aspects of reducing our impact on climate change. >> COACH: And time.>> COURTNEY: I grew up in a dangerous inner city. But when I was about seven my parents bought property that was just open fields and forest and mountains, so that was a place to escape to. And I realized I wanted to preserve that, for generations to come. It was exciting to go see the Nanjing landfill site, but I think I was a bit shocked by -- there were people there that were collecting plastic from the trash. And it was pretty sad seeing that. But, at the same time, it's pretty amazing knowing that from the decomposing trash, without the plastic, it creates more biogas to give electricity to the local area. It's a pretty great project. I mean it cleans up the landfill; it gives jobs and creates clean energy for the area. Climate change is a huge problem. And it's something that takes a lot of work. And learning how to box well takes a lot of time and you have to dedicate a lot of energy to it. Your opponent's not going to go away, and climate change is not going to go away. You need to fight back, but you need to do it in a very calculated manner. So it's a matter about keeping your cool. You get hit, and you get hit hard, but it's getting back up and continuing the fight. I wouldn't mind having another fight, and maybe getting another win in.>> TITLE: Element>> TITLE: www.element-tv.net>> TITLE: For more information, please visit: http://www.tve.org http://www.viewchange.org/videos/element-madan Madan left his home in Nepal to move to New Delhi for the sole purpose of accessing cheap, powerful drugs. Just as he was on the brink of death, he found a rehabilitation center and got clean. Now he's devoted his life to helping those with HIV and AIDS, and is spreading a message of hope to the younger generation. Fri, 24 Jun 2011 08:04:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/element-madan India, HIV, Millennium Development Goals, HIV positive people, AIDS, Antiretroviral drug, Health, Nepal, New Delhi, tve >> TITLE: Element>> TITLE: Who's counting?>> MADAN KOIRALA: First I'm going to play soccer. I'm going to shoot two goals. Obviously we will win! I have many qualities. I am handsome. I am a role model for the people watching. >> TITLE: Madan>> MADAN KOIRALA: I was a drug user before. My ambition was to use drugs, and die. I am from Nepal. I came to Delhi just to use drugs. One of my friends sent me a message saying the drugs were good in India. I said, "Okay, let's go." I spent all my money. I was totally broke. I thought, "I'm going to die, I can't live any longer." Suddenly, I changed my mind. >> TITLE: New Delhi, India>> MADAN KOIRALA: I got a message that there is a rehab center where we can get treatment, and I said, "Okay," because I am a drug user and I needed treatment. I changed my lifestyle, and in the meantime I met my girlfriend, who is really cute! Life is not only for using drugs, eating food, and sleeping. >> TITLE: Millennium Development Goal #6: Stop the spread of HIV/AIDS and other major diseases>> MADAN KOIRALA: Now I am employed at Michael's Care Home, and I have to take care of HIV positive people who need treatment and help. Whether they're HIV positive or not, I always see them as a human being and in need of care and treatment. In India, people think that if you're HIV positive, you've got AIDS and you're going to die soon. Actually they're quite different. "AIDS" means you're sick, but being "HIV positive" just means you have the virus. Still people are very scared. They think that if someone's infected with HIV, we'll get infected too. No, we can't get it through the air, we can't get it from mosquito bites, we can't get it from kissing, and yet still there's all this discrimination. They're made jobless, homeless, and they're kicked out of society. Let them live! There are lots of examples of people who are very sick, and then they take the ARV medicine and live normally. This is anti-retroviral medicine, "ARV" medicine. >> MAN 1: It reduces the multiplication of the virus. >> MADAN KOIRALA: In India, only around twelve thousand people are getting this medicine. But there are over five million people infected with HIV. They should fight for them to get ARV medicine too. We need ARV medicine to be available free to everyone who needs it. Finish! There's something inside me that I can expose to the whole world. I am Madan Koirala, and I am HIV positive. >> TITLE: HIV+>> MADAN KOIRALA: If you look at me, can you make it out that I'm HIV positive? No, no one can tell. >> MADAN KOIRALA: I'll break your camera! >> MADAN KOIRALA: The message for the new generation is: positive living, positive thinking. No discrimination and stigma. There is hope. Now clap your hands, yeah. >> TITLE: Millennium Development Goals: Eight goals for a better world by 2015. Everyone counts. www.element-tv.net>> TITLE: Element. For more information, visit http://www.tve.org http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-team-episode-11-priesterera Tragedy strikes Imani FC hours after a last minute victory over their hated rivals Nyota FC. They'll need each other now more than ever to get through these hard times. Wed, 22 Jun 2011 20:42:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-team-episode-11-priesterera Kenya, Education, Soccer, Change Makers, Ethnic conflict, Ethnic group, The Team: Kenya, Gender, search for common ground, LinkTV Picks >> PRIEST: Mamu.>> MAMU: Hello dear.>> PRIEST: Mamu, what are you doing here?>> MAMU: My dear, I came to congratulate you.>> PRIEST: What if coach finds you here?>> JOHARI: You have played very well, congratulations. Guys, look how rude priest is to his mom.>> BEN: If he knew how lucky he is, you know?>> TINA: I wish she were my mom.>> JOHARI: Anyway, let's clean up before coach comes.>> MAMU: One last job, for old time?s sake. And then I?ll leave you alone.>> PRIEST: What if it?s not the last job? What if I get caught?>> MANU: You?re the best. You?ve never been caught. Why should that happen now? >> PRIEST: My luck might have run out.>> MAMU: I?ll double the money.>> PRIEST: You know what? I won't do it. It?s not always about money Mamu. Okay I?ll do it, as long as I have your word that this is the last job.>> MAMU: You have my word. This is the last one.>> PRIEST: Mamu, I don?t want you coming here, it will bring me problems. I don?t know how you guys act. >> MAMU: Priest, don?t I get a goodbye kiss?>> PRIEST: Yeah, whatever.>> WATCHMAN: Hey, my friend. >> PRIEST: Hey, my man. Let me out. >> WATCHMAN: Okay, you are now going out?>> PRIEST: Yes man.>> WATCHMAN: That?s nice.>> PRIEST: Today I?m in a hurry. >> WATCHMAN: That is nice, that is nice. >> PRIEST: I know you want to look good, look good with that man.>> WATCHMAN: Priest, today you will have to add something more. >> PRIEST: Even you?re a thug. What?s up man? >> WATCHMAN: The problem with you is you complain too much. Why do you complain so much? >> PRIEST: Okay, fine, when I get back.>> WATCHMAN: When you get back I will have gone to report that you sneaked out.>> PRIEST: My friend, you can sell me out like that? After all this money that I have been giving you, friendship is not like that.>> WATCHMAN: That is not my fault. The price of flour went up, it?s not me who hiked the price.>> PRIEST: Stop eating ugali; eat some rice man. What?s wrong with you?>> WATCHMAN: The way you see my body, can it be fed on rice? This body cannot be fed on rice.>> PRIEST: It?s just that I?m in a hurry. >> WATCHMAN: Cool, go well. >> ABBAS: Morning mom.>> MARY: Morning son. You?re up early today.>> ABBAS: It?s a force of habit. >> MARY: Force of habit? Abbas, since when? As long as I can remember your wake up call is from midday.>> ABBAS: That was in the past mom. I?m a changed man now. I even wake up by 5 am.>> MARY: Seems like that soccer camp did you more good than bad.>> ABBAS: More than you?ll ever know. I even make my bed.>> MARY: You make your bed? I've got to see this one.>> ABBAS: Can you imagine?>> JUMA: Good morning.>> MARY: Good morning. There are some eggs there, sausages, and your coffee is ready. Please help yourself. >> JUMA: No, not right now. This email is really -->> MARY: You need put your phone down just for a few minutes.>> JUMA: I?ll eat later.>> MARY: What time is your meeting?>> JUMA: About 11:30. Abbas, where are you going?>> ABBAS: To work out.>> MARY: But Abbas, you haven?t even finished your breakfast!>> ABBAS: Later mom.>> MARY: I wish you wouldn?t be so harsh on him.>> JUMA: I haven?t said a thing.>> MARY: You didn?t have to. He can feel your disapproval. Even I can feel your disapproval of him.>> JUMA: After what he?s done, of course I disapprove.>> MARY: All I?m asking is just be a little more civil to him. After all, he is still your son. >> JUMA: Unfortunately.>> MARY: Now what is that supposed to mean? Honestly sweetheart, sometimes you can be so insensitive. And let me tell you something -->> JUMA: I never meant to -->> MARY: I don?t care what you meant! I am no longer going to be a go-between between you and your son. If you to continue this war with Abbas, go ahead but leave me out of it. I am so tired of walking on eggshells in my own house. Deal with it sweetheart.>> NEWSCASTER: The incidences of carjacking are on the rise again. Last night, yet another victim succumbed to this social ill. >> LULU: Daddy, what?s a carjacking?>> COACH: I?ll tell you in a minute.>> NEWSCASTER: This time, the unfortunate victim was a young, promising local football player going by the name of ?Priest." Priest scored the winning goal during Imani FC?s most recent match. Priest died of gun wounds. It seemed to be a gangland style killing. Priest was dead on arrival at the hospital.>> WATCHMAN: Priest, you have just gone like that.>> KEZIA: Coach, what happened?>> COACH: We don?t know yet.>> BEN: This story doesn't make sense. Yesterday he was fine. He was here with us. >> COACH: I know.>> KEZIA: What are the police saying?>> TINA: Those are not trustworthy people.>> COACH: Well, not everything is a conspiracy.>> TINA: Try living in the ghetto, you will find out.>> COACH: Let's all calm down. We will start looking for answers when the time is right. But right now it's not. You may choose to go home or you can stay behind, provided you are back by evening.>> BETH: And if anybody wants to talk, we?re ready to listen. Please don?t go through this alone.>> COACH: Johari, as the captain, please empty Priest's locker. >> JOHARI: Yes coach.>> COACH: All right.>> ABBAS: Hi Johari.>> JOHARI: Hi Abbas. Have you heard?>> ABBAS: Yes. How are you?>> JOHARI: I?m okay, under the circumstances.>> ABBAS: He was my roommate.>> JOHARI: Abbas, I was thinking if it's not too much trouble, the coach has given us the rest of the day off. If it?s okay with you, I could come over, or something?>> ABBAS: I think I?d like that. I?ll pick you up from town.>> JOHARI: I?ll meet you in town. Take care.>> JOHARI: Coach, coach.>> COACH: What?s this?>> JOHARI: I found this in Priest's locker. >> COACH: My god.>> JOHARI: What shall we do?>> COACH: For starters, we shall not disclose any of this to the team members.>> JOHARI: But why? They deserve to know the truth.>> COACH: Why? What good will it do?>> JOHARI: I don?t want to keep this secret.>> COACH: Johari, the Priest you knew, we knew on the pitch, was not a criminal. He was trying to be better. So let's keep the Priest we knew in our hearts. We don?t want anyone planning for revenge. We don?t want to up to the hate, do we?>> JOHARI: No coach, we don?t. I guess I have to get going. >> JUMA: Hey Abbas. >> JOHARI: If anyone has something to say, please say it. It really helps to talk about it.>> KEZIA: Priest was a very kind man. He helped me pay my brother?s bills. >> JOHARI: Anyone else? How can you guys describe Priest?>> KEZIA: Kind.>> BEN: Generous.>> OLI: Intelligent.>> JOHARI: He was talented. Does anyone of you have the pepetathon tape?>> OLI: Yes, I have it.>> JOHARI: Please can we watch it?>> BETH: Be strong for the team. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/to-educate-a-girl What does it take to educate a girl? Framed by the United Nations global initiative to provide equal access to education for girls by 2015, To Educate a Girl takes a ground-up and visually stunning view of that effort through the eyes of girls in Nepal and Uganda who are out of school, starting school, or fighting against the odds to stay in school. Tue, 21 Jun 2011 13:00:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/to-educate-a-girl Female education, UN Girls' Education Initiative, Gender equality, Millennium Development Goals, Uganda, Girls' Education Movement, Nepal, Queen Rania of Jordan, Saathi Sanga Manka Kura, Gulu >> HER MAJESTY QUEEN RANIA AL ABDULLAH [Global Chair, United Nations Girls' Education Initiative]: What does it take to educate a girl? Probably not a question you ask yourself every day. Today, millions of girls around the world never see the inside of a classroom. They are shut out of school through no fault of their own. Why? Because girls are more affected by poverty, disease, and violence than boys. They are more likely to do housework than schoolwork. And, even if they do get the chance to attend classes, they're first to drop out, long before their brothers. But these girls want to go to school, these girls are ready to go to school, and today they're more likely than ever to succeed. Because 10 years ago the United Nations called for equal access for girls and boys to primary education by 2015. That same year, the United Nations Girls' Education Initiative was launched, and many countries around the world declared their support. Governments, grass roots organizations, volunteers, teachers, parents, and children are all part of our movement working toward this ambitious goal. In "To Educate a Girl," you will meet girls -- and those that are helping them -- from Nepal and Uganda: two countries that are emerging from conflict, challenged by poverty, yet striving to give every girl a better future. So, what does it take to educate a girl? Watch and find out.>> TITLE: A film by Frederick Rendina and Oren Rudavsky>> KOFI ANNAN [United Nations Secretary-General, 1997-2006]: As we open the 21st century, more than 110 million school-aged children are not attending school. Two thirds are girls. >> TITLE: UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan: World Education Forum, Dakar Senegal, 26 April, 2000>> KOFI ANNAN: The key to all the locks that are keeping girls out of school, from poverty to inequality to conflict, lies in basic education for all. We need all those with power to change things to come together in a global alliance for girls' education. That is why the United Nations is launching a new global initiative to educate girls. To ensure that by 2015 boys and girls will have equal access to all levels of education. That is a test we must pass. And we shall pass it only if children all over the world can pass the test of basic education, and go on to pass the test of life. >> TITLE: To Educate a Girl>> TITLE: 2010. Bara District, Nepal. Near the India Border>> MANISHA: My father carries bricks. My mother works in the landlord's fields. I dig potatoes. >> TITLE: Manisha, age unknown>> MANISHA: Because of my work I can't go to school. I did study for five months in Class 1. At that time my brother went to Punjab to work and got lost there. My mother cried and cried and became ill. Then my father went to Punjab, too. He called us and he cried a lot too. He had searched a lot for my brother. My mother couldn't do any work, and my father wasn't letting us know what was going on. I even asked, should I earn or study? My mom told me, if you're not going to study, then go and earn. Then I went to work.>> BHUKIYA [Manisha's Mother]: At that time we had a lot of problems. I was pregnant then. Manisha would bring the rice and went to earn money as well. She managed everything. >> UPENDRA: The Dalit caste here are very underprivileged. In the old days we didn't eat anything that Dalits touched. We didn't go to the places they went. So I decided to work here for their development and to raise their awareness. This is my medicine shop.>> WOMAN: He has a cold. >> UPENDRA: You need to break this into three parts and let him take one. Here children from the Dalit caste do not enroll in school. That's why Young Champions, like me, are given training so that we can take them to school and admit them and I follow up on their attendance. There are 35 girls like Manisha who aren't in school in this village. I've known Manisha's family for a long time since I'm from the same neighborhood. When I went to her home, her parents said we can't afford to educate all the kids. Then I said three of their daughters can study and leave one daughter at home. And then they agreed.>> TITLE: Manisha's Sisters>> MANISHA: My sisters started studying. >> TEACHER: What does this say? >> MANISHA: I'm not like them. They are better than me. They study and I don't. They are more confident than me. How do you think I feel? I feel like a servant. I thought it's better to earn than study. If I bring home my earnings everyone eats.>> TITLE: Northern Uganda >> TITLE: Mercy, age six>> MERCY: I will go to school. I will take my notebook and a pen. The most important thing in school will be to learn how to write in my notebook. But I'm afraid. I'm afraid of the other kids. They might beat me. I will go with my friends Adol and Kabila. >> GRACE [Mercy's Grandmother]: I stopped my schooling in Primary 3, I didn't even learn how to read. When I got married I already had four children.>> TITLE: Sarah, Mercy's mother>> GRACE: Sarah would've continued schooling, but then she had a baby. >> SARAH: A boy got me pregnant with Mercy when I was 15. After he did this to me, he disappeared. The problem with girls' education is that one has to have money. If there's no money a girl will not go to school.>> MERCY: Sarah should've gone to Senior 3 this year but we couldn't afford the school fees, so she's at home now. It is easy to educate a girl if you have the resources. But if there's poverty in your hands a child can't complete her education. >> SARAH: Let's pray.>> MERCY: I want God to open her ears and make her clever, to continue her education and get a job. After she gets a job she can get married to a person who also works. >> TITLE: Kathmandu, Nepal >> SWARNIMA SHRESTHA [Radio Host]: Well I must say that I'm quite lucky to get a very supportive family. Both of my parents are university teachers. Mom! I'm leaving now. So, like, they understand how important, you know, it is for everyone to be educated. I have been one among the privileged group who've got the chance of education and all the modern facilities and all. I love my job. Each day, each week I'm learning so many new things.>> AYUSH: Hello friends! What's up? Welcome to your favorite program, "Chatting with My Best Friend." And I'm your very dear friend, Ayush. And with me is ...>> SWARNIMA SHRESTHA: Your dear friend Swarnima. I'm perfectly able to welcome my dear friends myself. Friends, for my part, I welcome you all to the program as well ...>> APSARA: I started listening to the radio when I was 10 years old. I listened to "Chatting with My Best Friend" a lot because it broadcast stories and dramas about our problems. >> PRENUM: Whenever I listen to "Chatting with My Best Friend," I make sure I have paper and pen with me so I don't miss anything important. >> SANJU: In "Chatting with My Best Friend" everything's shared. They're sharing problems that people are going through, and I like that. They say people who are suffering can also do something. I like that the most.>> TITLE: In Nepal, "Chatting with My Best Friend" attracts 6 million listeners every week.>> TITLE: Letter Discussion Session >> SWARNIMA SHRESTHA: We receive hundreds of letters each week. One very major factor which leads us to the content of the show is the letter themselves. The letter discussion session, we have those meetings every week. We have to discuss which letters are we going to air and, like, what can be said to those letters. Reading each letter is like meeting a new person you know. The letter has everything about the person, it's like meeting each one of them individually. We sit and we read them out and we discuss them sometimes for hours. Sometimes we even like fight.>> MAN 1: But you have to keep your skills up to date.>> WOMAN: Obviously.>> MAN 2: Because everyone is not lucky.>> SWARNIMA SHRESTHA: They're writing about their lives, the most sacred of their problems, and they're sharing, thinking that, like, we are their best friend.>> TITLE: Kavre District, Nepal. The Foothills of the Himalayas>> SANJU [age 14]: I haven't written a letter yet. If I write, first I want to write about my pain, my parents troubles and what we've gone through up till now, and what my sister's gone through. That's what I would love to write. People used to say many things about my sister, like why is she going to school when she's supposed to get married? I used to feel hurt. I used to feel, I wish my sister would do something in this village, show them that a girl can do something, too. Then nobody would point to her and gossip. Some people still tell me even now that my sister should get married. But I tell them that my sister has a different destiny. So everyone shuts their mouth. >> SUJANI [Sanju's Sister]: People have this negative thought about sending girls to school. If they educate the boys, they will be successful and will look after their parents later, whereas a girl will get married and go live in someone else's house. The parents think, what are we going to gain from that? I'm a girl and I'm doing something for my family.>> SANJU: My big sister pays for my computer class and exam fees. Now my parents understand. Now that my big sister has proved herself, they say, why talk to the younger ones about marriage? Me? I'm 14. I'm studying in Class 8. Today the forest is open so we are going to collect dry leaves for the fire. I've always liked science. I've read about the lives of great scientists. Sometimes I wish I could do something like that. That I could be a scientist, too. But because I'm poor it's probably a dream. If I were rich I'm sure I would become a scientist. >> TITLE: In Uganda, the Girls' Education Movement has over 1,000 clubs. GEM is also active throughout East Africa.>> TITLE: Abim, Uganda>> JOEL OKIDI [Inspector of Schools, Abim]: In our district, here, we have our local GEM chapter, known as "Adige." That is, Abim District Initiative for Girls' Education movement. This day, that we are organizing, the "go back to school" walk, it is the Adige members who are so much on the ground mobilizing. >> MARGARET OUMA ARIOKOT [Abim School Headmistress]: The school walk is good. When these girls move, they're smart. And they're herding other children who have not gone to school to come to? School. >> CHILDREN: Teachers had to go to school, so concentrate until you finish. Nurses had to go to school, so concentrate until you finish. The time has come to go back to school! These days take your education seriously. Father and mother! Listen to me. I don't have any clothes and yet you're drinking alcohol. I have no books but still you're drinking alcohol. I have no pen but still you're drinking alcohol. >> SIGN: Both boys and girls have equal opportunity towards education. When you educate a girl, you are educating the whole nation. Give us good guidance and counseling. Back to school, stay in school and complete your studies. Give us time to stay at school. Girls who are outside come back to school.>> MAN: Can we now line up and we'll start our school walk?>> VOICES: Left, right.>> JOEL OKIDI: They will have a bit of marching within the area to inform the people that we are now in school.>> CHILDREN: Our day. Our day. Our, our, our, our day. Our day. Our, our day. Our, our, our back to school. Our day. Our day. Our, our, our, our day. >> MARGARET OUMA ARIOKOT: They have the songs. That helps them to educate. And then helps other children when they stage it. And the children say, "Aaah. It is good to go to school.">> MATHEW OMAR [District Education Office, Abim]: Before we started this type of strategy the enrollment was low. >> JOEL OKIDI: Since we started it has helped to improve enrollment and even the retention has improved greatly. >> SIGN: Give the girl a second change to go to school.>> JOEL OKIDI: The number of girls that are entering the school and completing have also improved.>> CHILDREN: Parents, parents! Please take your children back to school.>> WOMAN: Please give me your attention. Thank you for coming. We're here at the marketplace to encourage you to take your children back to school on Monday. Take your children to schools so that they can start Primary 1. If your daughter dropped out of school because she gave birth, if the baby is weaned, let her come back to school. When your daughter is educated, when your daughter is educated, her bride price equals three dowries. >> ACIENG IRENE: Okay! My name is Acieng Irene. I left school for two years but now I have gone back and I am beginning to see the value of education. When you educate your daughters it's like you are educating the whole world. Thank you parents, take your children back to school starting Monday. Thank you so much. >> WOMAN: While you are here, buy books and pens. Buy uniforms and let your children go back on Monday. Thank you so much.>> SARAH: Try that one on. We came to buy a uniform for Mercy. On Monday I will take her to school. This will be the first time Mercy goes to school. She'll start P1.>> TITLE: In both Uganda and Nepal, enrollment numbers for girls and boys are steadily rising due to the efforts of groups like GEM and Young Champions. High drop-out rates remain an issue.>> TITLE: Bara District, Nepal>> TITLE: Manisha>> UPENDRA: It's my job to get girls to go to school. I'd talk with Manisha, and she would tell me that she feels ashamed to go to school >> MANISHA: If I get the chance I'd go to school. But if I go, people will make fun of me for being too old. >> UPENDRA: For girls like Manisha what we do is we accompany them to school for a few days and it helps make them less hesitant to go.>> TITLE: The Young Champions movement is active throughout South Asia. There are 500 Young Champions in Nepal alone.>> UPENDRA: Who's houses are there? >> VOICE 1: Mine here and his there.>> MAN: This is a river. This road goes straight to school from there.>> UPENDRA: Where's Raju's house?>> VOICE 2: Over here.>> UPENDRA: We are mapping this village. How many girls go to school and how many stay at home. Look, this is the stamp for a house. How many children are in houses are written in this one. How many sons and daughters go to school is shown here. How many sons or daughters don't go, it's shown here. I'm marking a house here. We are Young Champions. We go to parents and try to convince them to send their children to school.>> WOMAN 1 [Young Champion]: Do you want to go to school?>> GIRL: But I'm not enrolled.>> WOMAN 1: If you go to school, you'll be enrolled.>> UPENDRA: Why didn't you send this child to school? What were you thinking?>> MOTHER: The kids say the teacher hits them and they're scared to go.>> WOMAN 1: Why don't you go to school and talk to the teacher?>> MOTHER: The teacher says why send kids so young to school? They don't pay attention.>> UPENDRA: These children are not too young to study.>> WOMAN 2 [Young Champion]: If you teach them from a young age, they'll learn.>> UPENDRA: So will you send her?>> MOTHER: Okay, I'll send her. >> UPENDRA: We went to meet the principal and talked to him about how the children are disciplined. Children shouldn't be given corporal punishment, because they run away. They should be taught with care and not with hitting. So things are improved now. When I go to the village and tell them to educate children and people say, "No, it's time for marriage, I will get her married," I use myself as an example. I got married at 13. At the time I was a child. I just did whatever my parents told me. So I tell people, look I got married and could only study so far. If I hadn't gotten married, I would be in a better position. >> WOMAN 2: From birth, rather than sending girls to study they're told to look after the kitchen. It's still the custom to discriminate between a girl child and a boy child >> UPENDRA: Doesn't your mother say to go to school?>> GIRL: Yes, she does.>> WOMAN 2: Why don't you go, then? Your mother asks you to go?>> GIRL: Yes. >> WOMAN 2: Then why don't you go?>> UPENDRA: Please send her to school every day. Once a month doesn't do anything.>> MOTHER: Whenever there's school, the child goes.>> WOMAN 2: School is open every day, we're coming from there. You should send her now.>> MOTHER: Okay, take her.>> UPENDRA: Go, get your books. Let's go to school. Come walk with us. This way. So the new madam teaches very well?>> GIRL: Yes.>> UPENDRA: Let's go to new teacher's place. We'll take you there. Sit near the teacher. Erase this and start again.>> WOMAN 2: Write it again and read it. Read it aloud. Now write it again. Try again. If you practice you'll get better at it.>> KOFI ANNAN: From issues of morality to issues of mortality, the denial of girls' rights begins early in childhood. When a choice has to be made between educating a boy or a girl, girls are more likely to be kept at home. When the family needs income to be supplemented, girls are more likely to be sent to work. Even when girls do go to school, they will often have to do housework at the expense of homework. When they become pregnant school policies force them to drop out. When parents consider their daughter's future, they often see education as a hindrance to successful marriage and motherhood. Girls are more likely than boys to care for a sick family member and keep the household running. Nothing illustrates this burden more amply than the impact of HIV/AIDS. When catastrophe strikes, whether in the form of illness or conflict, displacement or hardship, women and girls from 65 to five years old are more likely to shoulder the burden of keeping family and household together.>> TITLE: Mercy's First Day of School>> SARAH: Do you have the uniform?>> WOMAN: Where is Mercy's uniform?>> SARAH: Where did you put the uniform?>> WOMAN: Let's check and see if it's here.>> SARAH: Maybe Mercy put it here.>> WOMAN: Where could the uniform be?>> SARAH: Mercy, come out!>> WOMAN: The uniform is not here.>> MERCY: My uniform was lost and that's why I was upset. Some lady accidentally took it. On the way to school somebody was sent to check, found it, and brought it to us.>> MARGARET OUMA ARIOKOT: What's your name?>> MERCY: Alimo Mercy.>> MARGARET OUMA ARIOKOT: Alimo Mercy. She looks a bright girl. The way she moves, the way she looks. You see when someone looks you direct, then that's a bright person.>> SIGN: GEM Slogan. Girls on the lead. Boys as allies. Adults provider of wisdom>> MARGARET OUMA ARIOKOT: Poverty level is high. That is the state of the children in this school. Come and see the classrooms. If you go around all these classes you will realize that its only P7 class that have benches. The rest are on the floor. And to make it worse it is a bare floor with dirt, dust. That even affects the handwriting. That even affects the concentration of a child. If the teachers come, you get up, clap your hands, and sing. One, two, three ... The lazy one just sits, the lazy one just eats. But then the lazy one opens his eyes. ... Good. Let's sit down. Thank you, now your teacher will come. Wait for your teacher, she will come. Sit and wait for the teacher. I'm supposed to have 14 teachers. But yesterday there were only three. My hope for the child, truly my hope for the child would be that they would all, first of all, complete primary 7.>> TEACHER: After you ask the teacher and go to the latrine, what do you do?>> MERCY: You open the door.>> TEACHER: Then you open the door without knocking?>> MERCY: We knock on the door.>> TEACHER: Before you get back to class, what do you do? What do you do?>> MERCY: I wash my hands.>> TEACHER: Good, sit down. Put your hands together for her!>> TITLE: Radio drama rehearsal>> SWARNIMA SHRESTHA: Every week we select like a certain issue, then make a radio drama based on that issue and also air a letter, which is related.>> MAN [Actor]: Now listen to me. Starting tomorrow you are not going to school anymore. You can read the alphabet, there's no need for a girl to study further.>> SWARNIMA SHRESTHA: This week we are, like, focusing on girl-child education, the issue of empowerment related to a girl-child education.>> TITLE: Kavre District, Nepal>> APSARA [age 17]: When I was in Class 8 I thought the radio hosts would solve my problem, so I wrote a letter to them. "Dear respected brother and sisters. Greetings. There is talk of marriage going on in my house. But I don't want to get married now. How can I stop my marriage and how can I improve my studies. Please, friends, what can I do to solve my problem?" I remember how I felt then. I felt tortured mentally. I simply could not concentrate on my studies. And I could not talk to my parents or anyone else about it. In return for my letter I got some life skills booklets and a letter. I showed the booklet to my parents and read the letter to my family. I developed my self-confidence and managed to convince them.>> FATHER: She wrote a letter to this "Chatting with My Best Friend," and they wrote her back saying that it's not the right time to get married, so we decided not to proceed further. They say it on the radio all the time that boys and girls are equal. If you cut a daughter's hand it will bleed just like the son's. There's no difference right?>> APSARA: My future would've been dark. If I can afford it in the future, I want to become a doctor, a heart specialist.>> SWARNIMA SHRESTHA: Sometimes we find one letter that it's so touching it has the whole story in it and then, like, we feel like we must work on this.>> WOMAN: Okay. I'll read this letter. It's even highlighted. "Friends, as you know our society is a male-dominated one." >> SWARNIMA SHRESTHA: A girl is writing to us saying that, so that her brother can go to school, she has to sacrifice. They're prioritizing the son not the daughter.>> PRENUM [age 20]: I guess I was 15 years old. My brother and I used to study in the same class. Both of our school fees were due but we weren't in the position to pay both of them. My parents decided to pay only my brother's fees and not mine. After that I left school for two years. What I wrote in that letter was that I dropped out of school in Class 7 but then continued school thanks to the information I got from the show. >> SWARNIMA SHRESTHA: But now she's facing the same problem. She's writing us, and, you know, you've helped me the first time, you can help me this time as well.>> WOMAN: "Friends, what can be done about my problem? I feel if you don't solve my problems, I can't do anything in life.">> SWARNIMA SHRESTHA: We receive those kinds of letters all the time. >> VOICES: Dear friends I don't know if this is right but one of my teachers acts in a very unusual way. One day he kissed me. I was utterly shocked and kept silent. / Dear friends, due to our low economic condition I am frequently pressured to leave my studies. I want to continue with school so that I can do something in life and be independent. / Dear friends, my parents are pressuring me not to go to school. I don't have time to study because of my household chores. / But it's hard for me to travel two hours to reach school. / I am 15 years old. / I studied to Class 5 but I was married off when I was 16 years old. / Dear friends, our country was in conflict. No matter how hard I try, I simply can't forget. I'm mentally traumatized and this has also affected my education. I hardly can concentrate on my studies. The picture of conflict is still fresh in my eyes.>> TITLE: Nepal and Uganda are both emerging from years of civil war.>> TITLE: The war in Uganda -- as in Nepal -- affected not only students who feared kidnapping at school, but teachers who were often intimidated or killed by combatants.>> TITLE: Gulu, Uganda>> SIGN: Title: Pillar of peace. Artist: Kigozi David>> VOICES SINGING: Oh Uganda, may God uphold thee. We lay our future in thy hands. United, free, for liberty together we'll always stand.>> TITLE: Sarah, age 17>> ISAIAH [Sarah's Grandfather]: Sarah's parents were shot by the LRA rebels. She'd just started her studies when her parents were killed.>> HEADMASTER: Good morning colleagues. I would like to sincerely welcome you back to Gulu high school 2010 term one. I would also like to congratulate ourselves for coming back in one piece. This will be a year of hard work. A year of seriousness. >> SARAH: I remember. The rebels came from behind the house. My father was inside. It was mid-afternoon. They said: Get out! I thought the neighbors were calling him. Then they seized him and tied his hands with a rope behind his back. Then my mother ... they called her out, too. They gave her a very heavy bag of peanuts to carry. She couldn't manage. They said if she could not carry it, they would kill her. Then she struggled to carry it. My mother and father were both killed.>> ISAIAH: She was going crazy. We started counseling her slowly and now she's okay.>> ELVIRA LALOCH [Sarah's Primary School Headmistress]: Gulu District have lost lives of so many of their relatives. They've lost even their homes and properties. They've also lost the thread of life. And even education was so low because they had lost hope, as they would say, in life. That is the time when Sarah dropped out. >> TITLE: Coo-Pe IDP Camp. Gulgu, Uganda>> ELVIRA LALOCH: This is the camp where Sarah lived when she was in primary.>> SARAH: Life in the camp was difficult because when you stay in the camp you see how people live. Some do not want to be educated, and they do bad, useless things. >> ELVIRA LALOCH: The culture was not followed. There was nothing to do. They could not even go to the village to dig because there was insecurity. Especially the children who are just looking at those bad things like drinking, fighting, early marriages, forced marriages also. In 2005 there was a club called "Girls' Education Movement" club. Their main objectives of the Girls' Education Movement club is to promote quality education for both boys and girls. For girls to exercise their rights in solving issues concerning them. Promote sense of leadership in girl child. Promote education of girls. So this GEM club came to the camp. For girls who are in difficulties they could bring them here, talk to them and so on. We are talking about girls' education through talk shows, drama, songs.>> GIRLS: GEM has brought education, free education. It makes me very happy. Take advantage of education. >> ELVIRA LALOCH: Sarah took interest.>> GIRLS: So you can grow and become sophisticated.>> ELVIRA LALOCH: And she told us that she had liked the GEMs club. She wanted to resume. She has taken education as a priority.>> TEACHER: Divided by nine. So you have three equals five F, minus one-sixty, all over nine.>> SARAH: School and making friends takes your mind off of things. It helps you forget. Also, when you're reading a book, you concentrate on other things.>> TEACHER: One point six times ten to what power?>> ISAIAH: The way I see it, she should become a doctor. But if that fails, she should be teaching, but at a higher level. Not primary. >> SARAH: I know my future will be good because all my thoughts are focused on education. In the future, I'll have my own family.>> TITLE: Kavre District, Nepal>> SANJU: Pucchi is my niece. At home she's a troublemaker so she's staying with us. She goes to the same school as we do.>> SANUMAYA: I haven't studied at all. When I was small my brothers were sent to school because they would look after the family later. I didn't even know where the school's gate was.>> JAGAT: I haven't studied. I can write my name and sign. But my children are doing well in school. >> SANUMAYA: During our days as the tradition went, we did exactly as told by our parents. We married who they chose and were always suppressed by our husbands.>> SANJU: Don't be naughty in class.>> SANUMAYA: I used to think that this was how life was for girls. But then I took some adult training and realized that I could do something. And then I understood that even girls should be sent to school, so that they too could do something. After realizing this I decided that even if become like a blind buffalo, I'll educate my daughters and build their futures.>> SANJU: May I come in, sir? In science no one could get better marks than me.>> TEACHER: The first planet is ... ?>> CLASS: Mercury!>> TEACHER: The last one ... ?>> CLASS: Pluto!>> TEACHER: There's more to learn about them.>> SANJU: But as I got older I started to worry and now I'm down to fourth position.>> TEACHER: Okay, Sanju, stand up.>> SANJU: When the teacher makes me stand alone, I feel tense inside. Even if I know the answer, it can be hard to say it aloud.>> TEACHER: What is the temperature of an orange star?>> SANJU: Four thousand degrees Celsius. Now that I'm in higher class, it's getting difficult.>> RAM PRASAD ADHIKARI [Sanju's Principal]: She's extremely hardworking and enthusiastic. And she's inquisitive about science. She's disciplined and has a wonderful learning nature. But, given her financial situation, she will face many obstacles. School isn't in a position to support her, either. >> SUJANI: Sanju is my youngest sister. She's the most studious of us all. We don't have to help her with her schoolwork. We'll have to get her into a good high school.>> SANJU: To educate a girl, you have to have the support of the family.>> CLASS: Eleven thousand degrees Celsius.>> TEACHER: And a yellow star?>> SANJU: Six thousand degrees Celsius.>> TITLE: End of Mercy's first day of school >> SARAH: Welcome back, how are you? What did they teach you?>> MERCY: We wrote today.>> SARAH: What did you write?>> MERCY: We wrote our names twice.>> SARAH: Twice? What is this?>> MERCY: This is where I tried to write.>> SARAH: But there's nothing written here.>> MERCY: Everything's not written.>> SARAH: It's not correct. >> MERCY: I was just trying. But I wrote nothing.>> MERCY'S SISTER: Why didn't you start from here?>> SARAH: You should start writing from here then continue on other pages, just like this, till you finish. Take her books inside. Go and sit on the mat.>> MERCY: You brought me water, even though I didn't even ask for it.>> SARAH: Wash your hands. Did you play today at school?>> MERCY: No, we didn't.>> SARAH: You didn't? You didn't even have PE? Let's pray.>> MERCY: Kabila, bring your food and eat here.>> SARAH: Who took you to class?>> MERCY: Madam showed us all the classrooms, even the latrines for girls.>> SARAH: Did she show you the one for boys too? Do you know now which one you have to go?>> MERCY: Yes. Teacher told me to squat on the latrine and I did.>> KABILA: She sat on the boy's latrine.>> SARAH: You didn't understand?>> MERCY: I did understand, but she told me to squat there!>> SARAH: So now you can show your friends where to go?>> MERCY: No, it smells bad there.>> SARAH: Listen Mercy! You take your friend but you stay away. Then you show them, this is your latrine.>> MERCY: But it stinks!>> SARAH: You have to stand far away, you hear me?>> MERCY: Kabila, can't you tell some stories? I'm finished with mine.>> SARAH: Mercy did you fight with somebody at class?>> MERCY: I didn't want to. A boy tried to beat me. It was Adolo who was fighting with some boy. Adolo can't lose, you know how she fights.>> SARAH: Did you try to separate them?>> MERCY: No, her brother was there, he would've hit me bad.>> SARAH: You shouldn't fight in school, do you hear? >> SWARNIMA SHRESTHA: Morning. The show has made quite an impact you know. Because you feel that the show is talking to you about your issue. Then certainly that is going to motivate you. >> TITLE: Day of recording session>> SWARNIMA SHRESTHA: I'm just finalizing the script, you know. The retouching and everything so that we'll have final refined script. It'll be from the line, "What's wrong with you today?" and then you say, "There's one free," and then I'll get more irritated, and then, "There's not one but two dramas today.">> AYUSH: Hello, what's up Sadi? >> VOICE: Hey listeners, I have a letter for the show, It's here! It's here!>> SWARNIMA SHRESTHA: Ayush, I have a letter in my hand. "Friends, I have a big problem right now. My financial situation at home is not good, so I don't know how I'll be able to continue my studies. Friend, how can I solve my problem? >> PRENUM: When I heard my name aired along with my letter I was so happy. >> SWARNIMA SHRESTHA: Before you were only in the seventh grade. Now you've passed your middle school exam. And based on that our friend can do some work.>> AYUSH: Friend, we used to have a hard time, too. Because my family didn't have money, either. But then my neighbors told me that I could teach their children. So I started tutoring them. >> SWARNIMA SHRESTHA: We have full faith that you'll be able to solve this problem, too.>> PRENUM: As I'm a student of education, I have to know about the ways to teach. I'm in Class 11 right now, and I can teach the lower grades. Thank you, sit down. >> CHILDREN: Thank you miss.>> PRENUM: Right now I'm working as a volunteer teacher in the school where I used to study. "Once upon a time, all the animals gathered in one place." In the future, after completing my education, my goal is to work in my community. I think I'll be a teacher later on. I'll be a very good teacher, a sincere teacher. Okay, we'll finish the chapter tomorrow. Please be good.>> KOFI ANNAN: It is often said that education empowers girls by building up their confidence and enabling them to make informed decisions about their lives. For most of the world's girls it is about escaping the trap of child labor or the perils of going into labor of childbirth while still a child yourself. About ensuring that your children in their turn are guaranteed the right to education. It is about being able to earn an income when women before you earned none. About protecting yourself against violence and enjoying rights which women before you never knew they had. About taking part in economic and political decision-making. Finally, it is about educating your children to do the same and their children after them. It is about ending the spiral of poverty, which previously seemed to have no end.>> BHUKIYA: Manisha is good at everything. Though she left her studies she still remembers what she learned. If I give her something now, she can even read it properly.>> UPENDRA: If Manisha goes to study, she won't have to work. She will learn many things in school, and tell all the girls of her neighborhood to go to school.>> FATHER: Upendra says that we need to educate our children. He often comes to our place. He's the one who told us to take the children to school. Now I'm encouraging her to study.>> TITLE: After missing several years, Manisha returned to school, joining her younger sisters. She now attends Class 3.>> TITLE: The number of children out of school worldwide has decreased from 110 million in 2000 to 72 million today. Now just slightly more than half of them are girls.>> TITLE: [end credits]>> HER MAJESTY QUEEN RANIA AL ABDULLAH: What does it take to educate a girl? The support of families, the cooperation of governments, and the tireless work of educators, volunteers, and nonprofit organizations. Some of the efforts you've seen in this film are having a dramatic impact. The Young Champions volunteer movement in Nepal is active throughout South Asia. And GEM, the Girls' Education Movement, now has nearly a thousand clubs in Uganda alone. It has expanded to include boys who work towards gender equality in their communities. The radio show "Chatting with My Best Friend" reaches an astonishing six million listeners every week. Though there is still much to be done, awareness is expanding, enrollment is up, and more women around the world are taking control of their lives. Why is this massive effort so necessary? Because the rewards are real. Girls' education lifts lives. A girl in school means her family in better health. A rise in girls' education means a fall in population growth and infant mortality. As educated women, they send their children to school more, earn more, survive and thrive more, amidst poverty, disease, and conflict. I'd like to leave you with this proverb: If you educate a boy, you educate an individual. If you educate a girl, you educate a nation. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-team-episode-10-quitting-in-honor As the dust settles from the team's latest skirmish, Imani FC's management looks for someone to take the fall. Will Imani FC be torn apart, just as they were starting to play together as a team? Fri, 17 Jun 2011 11:42:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-team-episode-10-quitting-in-honor Kenya, Education, Gender, Ethnic conflict, Change Makers, Ethnic group, Posttraumatic stress disorder, The Team: Kenya, search for common ground, LinkTV Picks >> BETH: You are very courageous, Tina. Thank you officer. I am so proud of you, and I am always here to support you.>> TINA: Thank you Beth. I wouldn?t have done it without you.>> BETH: You know what? You?ve really reminded me of what is important in life. And thanks to you.>> TINA: Really?>> BETH: Yes Tina.>> BETH: Here are the papers to get that goon convicted.>> TINA: Yes. At last the cop has been arrested. I just pray to God he is locked up until he rots. But coach, how will the others look at me?>> BETH: Just leave that to me. You?ll be fine.>> TINA: The nightmares are getting worse. I?m having flashbacks during the day, at times in practice. I just don?t know what to do.>> BETH: I?d like you to consider counseling.>> TINA: Do you think I?m crazy?>> BETH: No, you?re not crazy. You just need professional help and there?s nothing wrong with that.>> TINA: It?s my fault that the cop raped me>> BETH: It?s not your fault. He is the criminal, not you.>> TINA: All this time, he kept telling me I deserved it because I?m from the bad-blooded tribe.>> BETH: All tribes are equal and nobody is more special than the other.>> TINA: But why me? Why my tribe?>> BETH: It?s sad how men have been turned into beasts.>> TINA: Beth, you are my only family and thank you.>> DR. ROSE: You can come in Beth. Now Tina, that?s it for this week. I hope you?ll remember everything that we?ve discussed, and have a quick recovery.>> TINA: Thanks Dr. Rose.>> DR. ROSE: You?re welcome my dear. Now could you please give us a minute? >> TINE: Okay.>> DR. ROSE: It is a big task. However, together, we can get her back to where she was. Unfortunately, she?s suffering from post-traumatic stress and it will take her a bit of time to for her to get back to where she was and get a full recovery.>> BETH: Is it that bad?>> DR. ROSE: Yes. All of us need to kill the prejudices against rape victims. We need to give them understanding, we need to give them support, we need to give them care, and that is exactly what Tina needs from the team. If everybody gives her understanding and care, that is her cure. >> BETH: I?ll try as much as I can to make that possible.>> DR. ROSE: And that will be the best and the greatest best friend.>> BETH: Trust me, I?ll be more than that.>> COACH: That was a good game we had yesterday, apart from the fracas you all know about. There are certain issues that I imagine -- I know you guys were not involved, but it?s being said that one of you was involved in it. But anyway we are going to talk when you come back, all right? Beth?>> BETH: Just take care of yourselves. >> JOHARI: When do we report back?>> COACH: Johari, as usual. All right? Good. Enjoy your day off. You are free to leave.>> MR. BUKENYA: What is this? You know what happened? Abbas has to go. >> COACH: But sir, you promised to keep off my coaching, and off the team.>> MR. BUKENYA: It?s for the good of the team. This kid perpetuated a riot, actually a war, at a peace match.>> COACH: If you might have noticed, he had plenty of willing participants.>> MR. BUKENYA: Don?t you get it? Somebody has to get the blame for this. That?s how it works. Coach, either you drop him or you go. Understood?>> COACH: That?s your decision, sir.>> TINA: It?s playtime! >> CHILDREN: Tina!>> TINA: I missed you guys. How is it going?>> CHILDREN: Fine!>> TINA: Is everything okay? Today I am here the whole day and I have brought you something.>> KARIS: Oli, what?s up man? Welcome. Your mom is not home.>> OLI: That?s okay. What time is she coming?>> KARIS: She never tells me these things. So, Imani FC! How are things going over there?>> OLI: Everything is fine. We?re alive and kicking. >> KARIS: Football is cool. But everything is okay?>> OLI: Things are fine; we?re enjoying life there. It?s a good place to be. Anyway, that?s not why I came by. I need us to talk about you and my mother. >> KARIS: Oli, I love your mom. I really do. I hope you can support me on this one. >> OLI: Actually that is why I came by. Don?t you ever hurt her, because it won?t go well between us. >> KARIS: I don?t intend to. I plan to make her happy.>> OLI: Deal?>> KARIS: Deal.>> ABBAS? FATHER: Sit down. I don?t understand what you?re up to.>> ABBAS: Dad, what have I done?>> ABBAS? FATHER: I am very disappointed in you.>> ABBAS: What are you talking about?>> ABBAS? FATHER: You?re a troublemaker. I know. Mr. Bukenya called me this afternoon.>> ABBAS: But I was defending the girl.>> ABBAS? FATHER: You should have walked away from that fight. Now you have been kicked off the team!>> ABBAS: I don?t think so. And anyway, coach has been against me all this time.>> ABBAS? FATHER: You see, always blaming somebody else.>> ABBAS? MOTHER: Maybe you?re being a little bit too hard on him.>> ABBAS? FATHER: You can actually say that?>> ABBAS? MOTHER: Yes, these are young people. This is football. You know arguments always happen.>> ABBAS? FATHER: I didn?t know we had another striker in the house.>> KARIS: Darling, this meal is very delicious.>> OLI?S MOM: It?s your favorite. I knew you?d enjoy it.>> OLI: So Mr. Karis, what do you do for a living? >> KARIS: I?m in the music industry. >> OLI: That?s interesting. Do you sing? Or what kind of instrument do you play? >> KARIS: No, no, no Oli. You don?t have to play an instrument or sing to be in the music industry. I?m more of a producer and distributer. >> OLI: That sounds interesting. Very interesting I must say.>> OLI?S MOTHER: Oli, everything is interesting? >> OLI: Yes mom. Anyway, so when is the big day?>> KARIS: Well, we were looking at December. Hope that?s okay with you. >> OLI?S MOTHER: Oli, we don?t have to discuss this if it makes you uncomfortable.>> OLI: No Mom, I?m fine. Understanding comes from talking.>> KARIS: Exactly. I always say that brushing away issues just makes them worse.>> OLI: That?s the point.>> ABBAS: It?s best that I resign for the good of the team. I thank you very much for the opportunity to have served and I am grateful for how much I?ve learned in this team. All the best in your future matches. Thank you once again. Abbas.>> COACH: Well, I?d love to put it differently, but it?s true. Abbas has resigned from the team.>> PRIEST: Abbas, you know that the team needs you right now. Even him, why would he do that?>> OLI: It?s interesting how fast you drop your close friends.>> PRIEST: Oli, let me go man, I have to -->> OLI: Wait, I have a solution. What if we go on a hunger strike and demand that Abbas be reassigned?>> PRIEST: No, it won?t work.>> OLI: What if we threaten that all of us are going to quit?>> PRIEST: No, I don?t see it.>> OLI: I know: what if we get a lawyer to speak on behalf of Abbas and the team?>> PRIEST: My friend, we are not in court. What?s wrong with you? Keep on thinking. Think, and I?m sure you?ll come up with a solution. >> JOHARI: Hey Oli, you?re not alone. We?re in this together.>> OLI: Thanks.>> JOHARI: Come on. Take it easy. I?ll see you around. >> COACH: Boys and girls, despite everything that is happening concerning Abbas, it is important for a team to stay together. Team is everything! As I?d told you earlier on, Abbas has resigned from the team. But I am personally going to do everything possible to make sure that he stays. This is the time for us to be closer and together. We need to stick together as a family despite our social, political, or even religious backgrounds. That is my faith and that is my belief. It is all wrong and unfair for Abbas to be -->> ABBAS: Can I say something? The local leaders and team owner want someone to take the fall for this. Right or wrong, I meddled in a situation that I shouldn?t have. You guys will never hear the end of this, unless I resign. There comes a time when the team is more important than an individual. I?m going to miss you guys. I?m going to miss you guys so much. >> JOHARI: I can?t believe this is happening. It?s a nightmare.>> KEZIA: I will miss him. I really liked him.>> TINA: He was a really nice guy; he used to give me money sometimes.>> JOHARI: So how are we supposed to play without him?>> COACH: You don't have to. I'll think of something.>> ABBAS: No coach. I've decided, and so has Mr. Bukenya.>> COACH: Then help me convince him.>> ABBAS: I don't need to help you convince anyone.>> COACH: What about the team? What then?>> ABBAS: I know, but Mr. Bukenya can sort that out.>> COACH: Do you love football?>> ABBAS: For me, football is divine, and that's why I have to do this. But coach, you know what? You?re the best.>> COACH: You?re also a superb player.>> JOHARI: Don?t tell me that. I?m not your age-mate. Now that Abbas is gone, you are taking it out on me.>> PRIEST: You people, stop with the foolishness. What?s wrong with you?>> JOHARI: It?s this fool.>> KEZIA: Me, I'm just expressing my feelings >> JOHARI: You?re lying.>> PRIEST: Wait a minute. Listen here, if you don?t want to listen, okay fine. Continue fighting, you bitches.>> JOHARI: I?m sorry.>> BETH: That?s a shady play! You are playing like kids; like it's the first time you?ve handled the ball!>> OLI: Does she know that Abbas isn't here?>> PRIEST: This woman bores me; she usually bores me in a big way. >> BETH: Oli, I'd also like to hear what you are whispering to Pristiera.>> OLI: I was telling him to -->> PRIEST: Coach, not to be offensive, but the truth has to be said. Abbas's absence is causing this sitting big time. When Abbas passes the ball to me, Triza on the other end -->> BETH: Enough of your excuses. >> PRIEST: It?s good for the truth to be told. When you are quiet, people get hurt.>> COACH: Lulu, are you okay? >> LULU: Yes, I wanted to see the team training.>> COACH: All right, can you pick the balls and do individual juggling around there. You really like her?>> LULU: I wish she were my elder sister. >> COACH: Don?t worry I like her too. All right, now let daddy work.>> BETH: Boys and girls, I hope this session has been helpful. Any comments? >> JACKIE: Yes, this session has really made us to open up and talk about our problems. >> BETH: That?s good. >> OLI: Well for me, I?m always happy to stay for this kind of session because it has helped me as a person and also as a group to be able to accommodate those people affected in the society. >> BETH: I?m glad to hear that. I hope this session will help us understand, accept, and support Tina. Whatever happened to her can happen to anybody, rich or poor, young or old, male or female. >> JACKIE: What? Do you mean it can also happen to me?>> SONG: Yes, it even happened to someone I know.>> BETH: That?s right, it happens. >> PRIEST: What are you doing here?>> MAMU: I have come to talk.>> PRIEST: Talk about what? You are getting me into trouble by coming here. Just go. >> MAMU: If I have offended you, forgive me. >> PRIEST: I?m late for the meeting in the common room right now. Do you know that my other teammates are watching for me?>> MAMU: Priest baby, I beg you to understand me.>> PRIEST: Why are you bringing me problems? >> MAMU: I?m not done with you yet!>> BETH: Any ideas, suggestions? Late again?>> PRIEST: You ladies are bitchy.>> JOHARI: By the way, today?s session has been great. We should do this more often.>> PREIST: I don?t know who cares.>> KEZIA: What?s wrong with you?>> JOHARI: Are you okay?>> PREIST: Yeah.>> KEZIA: Come on Priest. You can talk to me.>> JOHARI: I mean talk to us. Trust us. Take your time.>> PRIEST: You guys won?t like me for everything I?ve been doing in my life, and everything that has happened in my life in general. You guys won?t like me.>> KEZIA: Come on, you know we love you. Better out than keeping it inside.>> JOHARI: Look here; we can help each other in one way or the other. Talk to us. Trust us, bro. Take your time. >> PRIEST: I feel like sometimes I?m at the wrong place at the wrong time. And I miss every of boat of every opportunity that comes in my way. But this time around I wont let it happen.>> KEZIA: That?s the spirit brother. Come on, that?s the way forward. >> JOHARI: Look here, we accept you as you are and we love you and appreciate you as you are.>> PRIEST: I was wondering if after everything that?s happened in my life -- my family deserted me -- but I?m so happy for you guys. See, at least I have you guys as my family. >> KEZIA: And at least your mom loves you. She comes to visits you all the time, even today.>> PRIEST: She?s not my mom.>> JOHARI and KEZIA: She?s not your mom? >> PRIEST: She?s my other mom. After everything that happened in my life I had to turn to her. I know you guys are shocked. But don?t look at me as if I?m a murderer. Don?t look at me as if I?ve killed or done anything wrong. I mean she was the only way forward. It could have happened to anyone of you guys.>> JOHARI: You do have a family here though. >> PRIEST: See, my past is my worst nightmare. I try everyday to be on the right side, to do good and be loved, but I know with you guys I?m safe and I have a home. Thanks a lot guys. >> KEZIA: We love you Priest. >> JOHARI: Does anyone want to give Priest a hug? Come on cheer up. We love you so much, we?re proud of you. I really am and we accept you. Come on cheer up. >> PRIEST: See you guys later.>> JOHARI: At least we made someone happy.>> KEZIA: And better.>> JOHARI: Yes. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/sex-workers-confront-hiv Confronted with the horrific realities of HIV/AIDS, sex workers in the Dominican Republic have banded together to create a united women's movement. They help increase awareness of prevention techniques, resources and safety, as well as serving as volunteers in a revolutionary HIV vaccine trial. Fri, 17 Jun 2011 08:42:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/sex-workers-confront-hiv Dominican Republic, HIV, Health, AIDS pandemic, Sex worker, Prostitution, Education, Gender, Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting, LinkTV Picks >> TITLE: At least 70,000 of the Dominican Republic?s 9 million people are HIV positive. Female sex workers here are reported to number as many as 130,000. The HIV rates among sex workers here runs three to 10 times higher than in the general population. Some 80 percent of sex workers work in bars, discos, and brothels, and 20 percent work the streets, tourist beaches, and ports. >> JULIANA [Founder, MODEMU]: Of all the towns, it has the fourth most sex workers. I don?t have a real estimate of the number of sex workers in Haina. There must be at least a thousand sex workers here, because La Haina is a town with income. We have a port, where tourist ships dock. There?s a manufacturing area -- a lot of industry. So, there?s money, and where there?s money, there?s sex work. Well, in this country it is very difficult for a woman to get a job. The only options available are being a housekeeper, working in a factory, or live with a man (cook and clean for him in exchange for food and housing), or sex work. >> JOCELYN [Sex Worker]: I?ve been doing this for 10 years. I gave birth to my child, Rosy, the one who?s 11. When I saw I had nothing -- she had no milk, her dad left and abandoned me -- a friend of mine said, ?Come with me to the port.? When I went, a Honduran sailor fell for me and gave me $100. Here we have a port, where ships and sailors come through. That?s who we work with. Sometimes it goes well, sometimes it doesn?t. I?m tired of doing this work; I want to leave this life, because I don?t want to keep doing this anymore. It?s not something you choose to do, but out of necessity. Seven people live in my two-bedroom house: my three kids, my sister and her child, and my niece. Around here, there is a lot of crime, a lot of drugs. My kids are here, but I want to move. My children can?t grow up in this environment. >> JULIANA: I?m not doing sex work now. I work on behalf of sex work. I started MODEMU [Movimiento De Mujueres Unidas] 14 years ago. People were saying all sex workers infected people with HIV. So we got together, and seeing the problems that the women had, we came up with the idea to form a united women?s movement. And we went to the streets to work with our fellow sex workers. Sex workers working with sex workers. It was the same language. >> DR. ELLEN KOENIG [Instituto Dominicano de Estudios Virologicos]: MODEMU does get money on certain programs. They apply for grants and USAID has not helped very much because the American government doesn?t want to work with sex workers. But the European community, the Canadian equivalent of AID, other groups will fund studies or work for them. So in that way they have gotten money to finance some of their programs that they have under way. >> JOCELYN: Can I get a ride? I?m a member of MODEMU, so I go give speeches to girls in the business. I go out three days a week to talk to girls about HIV/AIDS prevention. When we went to Semana Santa, I went to the El Sifon Bar to teach the girls the correct use of the condoms. There are many men who don?t like to use a condom. Many will offer you $100 to have sex without a condom. We say no. No condom, no sex. >> DR. ELLEN KOENIG: A female sex worker cannot protect herself unless the man wants to protect himself. There is a female condom, but it is very uncomfortable and it?s about five to ten times more expensive than the male condom. So the woman is really at a disadvantage in this game. They realize that with this disease, they have to work to help solve. >> SIGN: Laboratorio>> JULIANA: There was a test of a (HIV) vaccine for sex workers. Because it targeted high-risk people, they called MODEMU to provide sex workers. So Ellen called MODEMU, MODEMU sent six representatives. I was one of them. I was also part of the study. >> DR. ELLEN KOENIG: In the Dominican Republic, our first study showed the highest levels in men who have sex with men and the Haitians, and this probably continues on today. So when we were picking people, the idea that the Haitians might be good, but they were doing vaccine trials in Haiti. The men who have sex with men, I believe they can find easily in places like the United States and these men in the United States are very dedicated to helping this. They felt that the female prostitute here would probably be a good candidate, and when they saw the number who had other sexually transmitted diseases they figured that this was a very susceptible population and one that would be adequate and might give us some good results as far as the HIV vaccine goes. >> JULIANA: The vaccine -- it?s a trial for the vaccine, but it?s the most promising so far. But if the vaccine turns out to work, it won?t be for our benefit. We are taking a chance for the sake of science, for our grandchildren, for future generations. >> DR. ELLEN KOENIG: These women are the real heroines of the AIDS epidemic because they are giving their bodies and their time to help us try to solve this problem. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-team-episode-9-meetings A last-minute scheduling change means that Imani FC is suddenly thrown into action against Shalom FC in a rough neighborhood of the city. But a series of ominous encounters could mean that they won't make it back in one piece. Thu, 09 Jun 2011 08:35:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-team-episode-9-meetings Kenya, Slum, Education, Ethnic group, Change Makers, Gender, Nairobi, The Team: Kenya, Ethnic conflict, search for common ground >> COACH: There you are baby. Look, I brought you your favorite breakfast. So how was your night? Did you sleep well? Baby, you?re not talking to me. What are your plans for today? You're kind of quiet this morning. >> LULU: Dad, what's going on?>> COACH: What do you mean?>> LULU: I'm not a child. I can tell when something is not right.>> COACH: What are you talking about?>> LULU: Why did the players strike?>> COACH: It had something to do with their allowances.>> LULU: Why did granny leave so suddenly?>> COACH: She had to go back to the farm. I guess I better tell you the truth. We disagreed about Johari.>> LULU: What about?>> COACH: Well, she doesn?t want Johari to spend time with you.>> LULU: Why doesn't granny want Johari to look after me?>> COACH: It's because -- well baby, I don't know how to explain this to you.>> LULU: Johari is my friend, and I don't care what you and granny think.>> BETH: They are really catching up very fast.>> COACH: Yes, especially Oli. He?s doing fine.>> BETH: Even Tina, she?s really trying.>> COACH: Hello sir.>> MR. BUKENYA: Coach.>> COACH: Yes Mr. Bukenya?>> MR. BUKENYA: How's it going? >> COACH: It's going well.>> MR. BUKENYA: Good to hear that. Have you heard of the Peace Tournament?>> COACH: Yes. I heard about it on the radio.>> MR. BUKENYA: Good. I want us to enter a team.>> COACH: What? But we're not yet ready sir.>> MR. BUKENYA: This is a training camp. People will accept the game in the spirit it is intended.>> COACH: No, but sir, I think the team spirit and morale are very, very low.>> MR. BUKENYA: In that case the tournament might be just what we need to remedy that.>> COACH: Mr. Bukenya, there is too much media attention for my comfort. And considering what has been happening of late -->> MR. BUKENYA: This team needs the right type of publicity. This will also show that the team still exists and all is working smoothly.>> COACH: All right.>> MR. BUKENYA: Fine. But you know what I expect. Good man.>> COACH: That was Mr. Bukenya; he?s entered us in the Peace Tournament. Let?s get the stuff ready.>> BETH: Sure.>> KEZIA: What will I do about my brother?>> TINA: Don?t worry. What did the nurse tell you?>> KEZIA: She said that was not enough. >> TINA: I wish I could help you.>> KEZIA: I understand.>> TINA: You do understand that I can't. Don't worry, he will get well. >> JOHARI: What?s up ladies?>> KEZIA: We are fine.>> JOHARI: We have a game in the next 15 minutes.>> TINA: Where?>> JOHARI: Ghetto.>> TINA: Cool.>> JOHARI: You won?t make it Tina.>> TINA: But I have to try.>> JOHARI: Kezia, coach has said you won?t be playing.>> KEZIA: Why?>> JOHARI: He thinks you have issues to resolve. >> KEZIA: But I can handle it.>> JOHARI: He thinks otherwise.>> KEZIA: What about you? I will be playing.>> BEN: What's with you?>> OLI: Leave me alone.>> BEN: What happened to mister neat and tidy?>> OLI: Do you have a problem with me?>> BEN: Just wondering.>> OLI: Come in.>> JOHARI: Hey guys, we have a match. Transport leaves in the next five minutes.>> OLI: Yes!>> BEN: This was supposed to be a rest day!>> TINA: What's up mama?>> CHILD 1: Who is it? >> TINA: It's me, Tina. Hey, what?s up? How is it going?>> CHILD 1: We are fine.>> TINA: I have missed you guys. I just had to come and see you today. Everything okay? >> CHILD 1: Yes, is there a problem?>> TINA: No.>> CHILD 2: Have you come to stay?>> CHILD 3: What have you brought for me?>> TINA: No, there is no problem. I am here because we have a game at the city council?s field. I have brought you something nice.>> COACH: Priest, where you going? >> PRIEST: Toilets, coach.>> COACH: Then hurry.>> CHILD 1: Wow, that?s a lot of money.>> TINA: You don?t want to be heard out there. You know we have three month?s rent that we haven?t paid. Lawrence, I want you to use this money to pay the rent; and the remainder, you should buy what you need, okay? Please put the money away in a safe place, you know what kind of people live in this area. I have to go now.>> CHILD 3: Where did you get the money?>> TINA: I was paid. I have to go right now because of the game.>> MAN 1: Hey Priest?>> PRIEST: Who wants to know?>> MAN 2: Us.>> MAN 1: We hear this time around you are pretending to be a footballer.>> PRIEST: Is there a problem with playing ball?>> MAN 2: You can stop playing football if you have a broken leg.>> MAN 1: Or should we try with this fool?>> MAN 2: We have a message for you.>> PRIEST: What message?>> MAN 1: You know once you are in, you can?t escape, you cant get out.>> PRIEST: Get the hell out of here; I am not ready here. >> MAN 2: There is no one who is ready for that game.>> PRIEST: Stop being fools men, I am not ready to play your game. What's wrong with you? First of all, you drop that knife. Drop the knife. You fools, drop it. I also have a message. Tell the guy who sent you that Priest is out. I am out, you hear me?>> MAN 1: You are making a mistake.>> PRIEST: Who, me? Let me tell you boy, I also made a mistake associating with fools like you. Get the hell out of here!>> CHILDREN: Don?t go.>> TINA: I have to go, keep well.>> CHILD 1: Can we come watch the game?>> TINA: No, you have to first do the shopping, okay? Bye.>> JOHARI: Coach, we have a problem.>> COACH: What is it?>> JOHARI: Tina is missing and Priest hasn?t come back yet.>> COACH: What do you think about Tina? >> BETH: I think you should let Kezia play.>> COACH: All right. Tell Kezia to change. She's on.>> COACH: Hey, what took you so long?>> PRIEST: Coach -->> COACH: Join the team.>> JOHARI: Abbas, move there, open up. Kezia, move inside. Let's go.>> TINA: Coach. Sorry coach.>> COACH: Where were you?>> TINA: I had gone home to see my family. >> COACH: Who did you tell?>> TINA: No one.>> COACH: Who did you tell?>> BETH: May I? Tina, we will discuss this later. Join the team.>> TINA: Okay.>> COACH: You call yourselves footballers? That was the biggest load of rubbish I've ever seen. Apart from Oli, Abbas and Johari, the rest of you might as well have stayed at camp. Priest, you're either on the pitch or you?re not. What are you looking for in the spectators? Kezia, as much as I understand your problem, if you don?t focus and concentrate on the game then we have a bigger problem. Ben, as good a player as you are, you are lazy! Where is your dedication to the team? This is my last warning. I expect 110 percent effort from you. Do you understand?>> BEN: Yes coach.>> COACH: I wont repeat again. Johari, do you have anything to say?>> JOHARI: Guys, we've come a long way, and I just want you to know that nobody ever remembers number two. So let go out there and be number one. And if we can?t be number one, provided we?ve done our best. So let's go out there and do our what! >> TEAM: Best!>> TINA: Animal!>> POLICEMAN: What?s your problem girl?>> TINA: Animal! Animal!>> KEZIA: Tina, what?s wrong?>> TINA: It?s him! It?s him.>> POLICEWOMAN: What's the problem madam?>> BETH: I think she just came face to face with her tormentor.>> POLICEWOMAN: What exactly do you mean, tormentor?>> BETH: The policeman that you are with today.>> POLICEWOMAN: Really? When did this happen?>> BETH: A while ago.>> POLICEWOMAN: Excuse me. Command come in, command come in. I think we have a situation here. >> ABBAS: Wait a minute. What?s going on? Let go of her. >> MAN 1: So you've come to rescue your girlfriend?>> ABBAS: She's not my girlfriend. Are you ok?>> GIRL: You shouldn't have done that.>> ABBAS: You're welcome.>> GIRL: Thank you. But I still think you shouldn't have done that.>> ABBAS: I was just trying to be a gentleman. >> MAN 2: You are the guys who are always messing with our girls.>> JOHARI: Abbas, what's going on?>> JACOB "GHOST" MULEE: Guys, cool it down. I think we were having a very nice game. Everything was good. Why should we lose focus? We have one aim here: football is supposed to bring people together. We are supposed to play as brothers and sisters. There is a future, there is tomorrow. We have lived together for so long, as brothers and sisters from different tribes. Why now? The future is good when you are disciplined, but like this; forget it, guys, okay? Let's not lose our focus. Is that okay guys? You promise it? Okay? Shalom? Imani? Let's shake hands guys. Let's shake hands. >> KEZIA: Hi.>> RECEPTIONIST: Hi.>> KEZIA: How have you been?>> RECEPTIONIST: I?ve been okay.>> KEZIA: This is part of Rodez's bill.>> RECEPTIONIST: There's no need. You're brother's bill has been cleared and a further deposit placed to cover him for the next two weeks.>> KEZIA: By who?>> RECEPTIONIST: The payer wishes to remain anonymous.>> KEZIA: Just tell me.>> RECEPTIONIST: Only that the bills have been cleared.>> KEZIA: Just tell me.>> RECEPTIONIST: The bills have been cleared.>> KEZIA: Thanks. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/life-on-the-edge-sorie-k-and-the-mdgs Musician Sorie Kondi, the Stevie Wonder of Sierra Leone, is trying to make it as a world musician in part because he needs to pay his daughter's school fees. He's hitting the road to investigate what's happening with girls' education ten years after the civil war. Wed, 08 Jun 2011 10:40:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/life-on-the-edge-sorie-k-and-the-mdgs Sierra Leone, Education, Millennium Development Goals, Freetown, Mateboi, Life on the Edge, Gender, Female education, West Africa, tve >> TITLE: Sorie K and the MDGs>> VOICEOVER: Sorie Kondi, Sierra Leone's Stevie Wonder. He's on iTunes and YouTube, but still struggling to make it. Foreign acclaim does not pay his bills. Sorie pays his eight dollars a month rent by busking the streets of the capital, Freetown. His wife Sally is also blind. She makes and sells soap to help out. >> SORIE KONDI [Musician]: London, America, UK...one day, sometime, we'll go there. >> VOICEOVER: Busking the streets also helps keep his daughter in school. Getting 14-year-old Zeinab through school is a big struggle for Sorie. Primary education is free in Sierra Leone, but there are extra fees demanded by poorly paid teachers and other costs. Somehow Sorie always finds the money. But keeping Zeinab out of trouble is more difficult. >> COUSIN 1: When did you get pregnant? >> COUSIN 2: Form Two. >> VOICEOVER: Zeinab lives with her cousins who have all left school early because of pregnancy. >> SORIE KONDI: Zeinab's not safe. Look at what's happening in this house. Her cousins only made it up to Form Two and got pregnant. So I do worry that someday it will happen to her, you see?>> VOICEOVER: We asked Sorie Kondi to help us make a road movie looking at what's happening with girls' education around the country ten years after civil war. Sorie's trusted aid is 23-year-old Foday P, who helped with production on Sorie's first album. Sorie Kondi's barely ventured out of Freetown since the civil war started 18 years ago. It's a two-week trip around the country. Just Sorie, Foday P -- now "Foday the Roadie" -- and whoever else they pick up on the way. Theophilus needs a lift to Makene. He's a primary school teacher. What's making him angry? Ghost teachers. It's estimated the government has been paying the salaries of thirty thousand phantom teachers who don't exist, the money going who knows where. Ghost teachers are a drain on the budget. But the government's now started a roll call of teachers to make sure the money's spent properly. Theophilus says it's an urgent problem. >> THEOPHILUS [Primary School Teacher]: Teachers do retire, some die. But heads of schools and principles, they still maintain their names in the register. The money goes in their pockets, forgetting the fact that they need to delete those names from the register. So there are ghost teachers all over. >> VOICEOVER: Sierra Leone spends almost four percent of its GDP on education. Sorie is beginning to wonder how much of it finds its way to the children. One of the problems for girls in rural areas is the long walk to school. But they're lucky. Over a quarter of a million children don't go to primary school at all. And most of them are girls. >> TITLE: Mangay Loko Village>> VOICEOVER: Sorie Kondi's village is Mangay Loko. Back home, Sorie's a success story. His old friend Hassan used to be a small time trader. Hassan did pass his school exams, but no more. Now he's a "UU", an unqualified, untrained teacher. The villagers pay him what they can when they can, and it's often not much. Almost half of Sierra Leone's teachers are UUs and often have second jobs to survive. We've heard stories of schools down the road. Sorie's off to learn more. They're all on their way to Mateboi. The school here has an impressive list of former pupils, including some major public figures. Sorie Kondi wants to put on a performance, but the kids get there first. >> TITLE: Mateboi Village>> VOICEOVER: Free primary education has seen a huge increase in pupils here -- it's up by half. Now the school has 425 students but only five teachers and three classrooms. >> FODAY P. FOFANAH [Music Producer]: If you could see them, you would see that the children are having difficulties. They have no desks, and have to put the books on their laps to write. >> VOICEOVER: Half the classes are under mango trees. There just aren't enough buildings. >> SORIE KONDI: So, no benches then? >> FODAY P. FOFANAH: They do have benches to sit on but they haven't got anything to write on. >> VOICEOVER: When the rains come, the problems really start. Children from the mango tree classrooms pile into the school building classrooms and the entire school comes to a halt. For nine-year-old Fatima, that means losing up to forty days a year of school. >> FATIMA [Student]: When I come to school in the morning and it rains heavily, my books and uniform get completely soaked. >> VOICEOVER: As Sorie leaves -- burnt out ruins of buildings. A reminder of civil war; over twelve hundred schools were destroyed. And in contrast, the new roads of reconstruction that take us to Koidu, the center for blood diamonds. There is money around here. And money can be a problem, as Sorie's next encounter shows. Sia Elizabeth Tongu belongs to a women's group that campaigns against teenage marriage. >> SIA ELIZABETH TONGU: Our young girls face a lot of challenges. We're concerned about teenage marriages, "early marriages" we call them out here. People with money will lure them out of school. It still happens. >> VOICEOVER: Mariama didn't get a chance to finish her schooling. At sixteen her parents wanted to marry her off to an older man. She ran away, but in the end she did marry him and had three kids. Like many girls in Sierra Leone, Mariama was married before she was eighteen, which is illegal here. Now, ten years on, she's being divorced and her husband has claimed back the bride money and expenses from her family. >> SORIE KONDI: Seeing as your father, your parents, were the ones who arranged your marriage, they should have helped you out, not left you to sort it out alone. Why, when bad things happen, do they leave you to fend for yourself? Why? >> MARIAMA: I don't know. >> TITLE: Kenema>> VOICEOVER: Kenema, the economic heart of eastern Sierra Leone, the country's diamond trading center. Juliette is a primary school teacher, volunteer radio journalist, and a single mother. Juliette runs a youth program and opens the phone lines every Saturday morning. >> JULIETTE YUKIE [Eastern Radio Presenter]: I most of the time try an open phone line, I ask people to contribute. But they ask questions about teenage pregnancy. And most questions that used to come to our studio whenever I'm presenting this program, people say the teenagers themselves are responsible for the problems they usually face. I'll blame the parents, the guardians, I'll blame the teenagers themselves. And I'll blame also the schools that these teenagers are attending. >> VOICEOVER: Back to Freetown, where Foday will be helping Sorie record his new album. >> FODAY P. FOFANAH: I think education is very, very important, because if it hadn't been for education I would not have been what I am today. >> VOICEOVER: There's a lot riding on Sorie Kondi's new album: his career, and Zeinab's future. >> SORIE KONDI: Zeinab's my child, but she has a mind of her own. Even though I really hope she finishes her studies, it's up to her. I am praying to God that she finishes her education because I believe it will be good for her. If I get money I will send her to college. If I get money, I believe God will provide. >> TITLE: For more information, please visit: http://www.bullfrogfilms.com http://www.viewchange.org/videos/life-on-the-edge-biker-boys-of-the-dirt-island A crew of young men roars through the heart of Nairobi's Korogocho slum on motorcycles. But unlike most motorcycle gangs, this is a team of reformed crooks who have switched to helping people. Can they convince their friend to join before it's too late? Wed, 08 Jun 2011 09:40:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/life-on-the-edge-biker-boys-of-the-dirt-island Kenya, Mungiki, Murang'a, Westlands, Nairobi, Korogocho, Slum, Poverty, Change Makers, Life on the Edge >> VOICEOVER: Mucina and Boniface, the motorcycle boys of Korogocho. They're among the first to own motorcycles on the Nairobi slum they call the "Dirt Island." Some say the motorcycle boys own this slum. And they've got their own ideas about improving slums. Are they a threat, or do they have anything to teach us? Kama's one of their new recruits. He's a rebel, even by motorcycle boy standards. This is their story. >> TITLE: Biker Boys of the Dirt Island>> VOICEOVER: Kama's home Korogocho is Kenya's fourth largest slum. Dirt Island has been home to many Kenyan crime lords. Like Kama, many young men here get involved in crime at some point in their lives. >> BOY 1 [Rapping]: It's another, it's another...I'll build a nice house for you. >> HENRY KAMAU [Motorcycle Boy]: I came to Korogocho when I was twelve years old. I used to steal clothes from the clothesline in the neighborhood. I wouldn't just wear them; sometimes I'd wear or sell them. >> VOICEOVER: Kama reckons he was fortunate to move to Korogocho considering his line of work. It was almost as if they slum was designed for crime. >> HENRY KAMAU: Alleys don't have issues, but if you pass on the main road you might meet the police and get shot by them. That's why I use the alleys when I steal, because you can hide here. >> VOICEOVER: Kama's ambition was too big for Korogocho. It may seem designed for crime, but there's too little to steal. So Kama searched for wealthier targets in central Nairobi. >> HENRY KAMAU: There are many people in town, man. You can look closely at someone and see that they have money. I can tell from the way they hold their bags. You can see someone walking on the road holding their bags tightly, always looking over their shoulder. I'm very observant. This town is ours. >> VOICEOVER: Kama started "working" in Westlands, a posh suburb of Nairobi. This was after joining the Mungiki, a notorious vigilante group. He'd made serious profits by extorting money from minibus owners. >> HENRY KAMAU: So I joined the Mungiki. Thirty-seven of us were initiated into it at that time in Westlands. These guys were my good friends. We worked together. We used to help each other out. They all died. I thought about my life and said no. The way people are dying; I can't die without leaving something behind. I met a girl named Ciku and we had a baby girl. Her name is Brigit. >> VOICEOVER: Mucina also saw most of his friends die on the streets before he became the original motorcycle boy. He had an idea, which might be frowned on in conventional development economics. >> FRANCIS MUCINA [Motorcycle Club Founder, Korogocho]: A friend of mine told me he had a plan and we would make a lot of money from it. We went and robbed a supermarket in Murang'a town. We took roughly 250,000 Kenya shillings. >> VOICEOVER: The idea? Profits of crime ploughed into a legitimate business in the slums. >> FRANCIS MUCINA: With the money I bought a bike and set up at the stage. We were only two motorbikes, and then we increased to four. At first people weren't comfortable with riding motorcycles, but after we became many they got used to it. >> VOICEOVER: Mucina and his crew of motorcycle boys now provide much needed taxi services within Korogocho. From four motorcycle boys in the beginning, they have grown to forty -- including Kama. >> HENRY KAMAU: I never planned to be a motorcycle boy. When I heard that the cops were hunting for me and counting my bullets, I decided to stop going to Westlands for a while. >> FRANCIS MUCINA: Most of these guys are reformed criminals. We tell them, "Leave crime -- it doesn't work," that they will never lack money to meet their needs and be independent. >> VOICEOVER: Boniface, one of the two original motorcycle boys, feels that crime profits have led to a lot of improvements in Korogocho, more than most people would care to admit. >> BONIFACE MWANGI [Motorcycle Boy, Korogocho]: Here in Korogocho, you find that someone has set up a business but that shop is part-time employment. After stealing outside people come back and invest in businesses here. You can't just sit around idling, just relaxing. You'll look suspicious. The businesses that do well here are the illegal ones that cause harm. >> VOICEOVER: Kama doesn't make the profits he used to make from full-time crime. But what he makes from the bikes is just enough. >> HENRY KAMAU: For example, sometimes business is good and I can make a profit of about one thousand shillings, which takes care of all of my expenses. Most of my money is spent on my child Brigit. When she grows, I pray that she reads hard, and that she agrees to study hard in school. >> VOICEOVER: Every day, Mucina walks his kids to school in the nearby Dandora estate, before going to work at the biker stage. He too feels that the motorcycle boys have made a difference in Korogocho. >> FRANCIS MUCINA: These bikes are also a form of upgrading, because before, people couldn't walk there at night. People were being robbed a lot, but now that the bikes are carrying people they're now safe. >> MAN 1: Sometimes I use these bikes when I'm late from work, because the road is not safe at night. There are many thieves. So these bikes really help us a lot when we use them. >> VOICEOVER: Kama's still not sure about the motorcycle club, and he's not alone. Khadija is a member of the Korogocho Urban Upgrading Committee. She feels that building a youth center will be a more constructive solution to crime. >> KHADIJA JUMA [Resident Committee Member, KSUP, Korogocho]: The youth center is about linking the talents that the youth have in Korogocho with business and then also there will be a mentoring process from the center, which will be acting as a coordination point. Maybe they can be dragged away from the crime or the changaa [illicit alcohol] they take. >> VOICEOVER: Motorcycle boy Mucina is not just a motorcycle boy. He's involved in slum upgrading with Khadija and supports the youth center idea. >> FRANCIS MUCINA: When the youth don't have a place set aside for them to meet, it's not good. >> VOICEOVER: But Boniface feels that crime is about one thing only, and that the solution to it is very simple. >> BONIFACE MWANGI: Here in Korogocho, life is difficult. You don't grow up with money. So when you find a means of getting money it has a big influence on you. Getting money is very important here in the ghetto, especially for the youth. >> VOICEOVER: So Boniface believes in supporting businesses like the motorcycle club, and others that have followed in its wake. It's not what most people would think of as the best way to improve slums. Not everyone can ride bikes, but the motorcycle club has been successful in attracting and reforming some criminals. Boniface feels that it's important to include all rule breakers, criminals and potential criminals, in the Dirt Island's future. >> BONIFACE MWANGI: If the youth are not involved in the upgrading process it won't happen, because these are the people who are thieves and they're the ones who can destroy things here. The administration is not stronger than the gangs here. The youth are trying to become independent, so they should support the bikes more. >> FRANCIS MUCINA: We started this as the youth, and in the future we'll leave it for the others to carry it on. >> VOICEOVER: Kama is not waiting on the future, though. He's making his own rules, which may not be anybody else's. But he's got the energy, if anybody wants it. >> HENRY KAMAU: If you ask a child what they hope for in the future, you wouldn't find anyone who'd tell you that they want to be poor. If I had my own bike you wouldn't see me in the Westlands or find me going to steal. I can't just sit still. I always need to be busy, doing something. >> TITLE: For more information, please visit: http://www.bullfrogfilms.com http://www.viewchange.org/videos/life-on-the-edge-scent-of-the-streets Nigeria has had some success in getting more women into government and business. But what about those in the crowded and often violent slums of Lagos? Meet three girls from one of the city's poorest and toughest neighborhoods, all looking for their chance to escape. Wed, 08 Jun 2011 08:40:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/life-on-the-edge-scent-of-the-streets Nigeria, Slum, Lagos, Area boys, Gender, Poverty, Millennium Development Goals, West Africa, Gender equality, Life on the Edge >> TITLE: Bisayo (Age 25), Onyinye (Age 18), Gift (Age 22)>> VOICEOVER: Bisayo, Onyinye, and Gift are "area girls" in Lagos, Nigeria. Area boys, well they play rough and dirty, though some do make it good. But what is an area girl? Something cool, or just a girl without a job? And in a difficult world can they "make it good" too? There?s evidence everywhere if you know where to look.>> TITLE: Scent of the Street>> VOICEOVER: In the commercial capital of oil-rich Nigeria, Ajegunle is one of the poorest and toughest neighbourhoods; like many big city slums still struggling to meet the Millennium Development Goals. Neighborhoods here are called "areas" and some girls are called "area girls." Including Onyinye. >> ONYINYE: My name is Onyinye. My friends have this funny name they call me, Shenkes. I?m an area girl -- for now. And, well, I?m not an area girl because I choose to but -- An area girl, you can't actually classify it into one person. It?s different ways. You have some girls that are area girls but not because they do anything, but because they?re just rough. They are just rough and tough. They like trouble. They like, you know, anything trouble. >> VOICEOVER: Onyinye left school at twelve. No qualifications. What she does have: brothers and sisters. >> TITLE: The family>> ONYINYE: I have ten siblings altogether, from the same mom but from different dads. My growing up wasn't nice, it wasn't nice. My mum has to carry almost all the responsibilities alone: school fees, feeding, clothing and all that. So I?m growing up and I can?t just be depending on my mum for almost everything when I know she doesn?t have. This area that I stay, it?s kind of common, it?s almost what we do here. We, you know, we date men. So it?s basically what I do for now. That?s what I do for now. My sisters, my family, they know about it, they know everything about me actually. So, it?s not like they are comfortable with it, but I have to do it because I don?t want any of them to do it. >> VOICEOVER: Instead of relying on boyfriends, Onyinye wants to work.>> ONYINYE: When you are in your house, you can be free. You can do whatever. But when you are on the streets you have to give them this mean impression like you?re scary, because if you act like one "botty" they climb you.>> TITLE: "Botty" = softy. "Climb you" = rip you off. >> ONYINYE: We are headed to the cafe where I do most of my research. It?s just a stone throw from this place.>> VOICEOVER: Onyinye?s off to the neighborhood cybercafé. Some are looking for jobs; some are looking for the training and self-help courses that are on offer around here. Onyinye is looking for a modeling agency. >> ONYINYE: I search for modeling agencies. So I try to send emails. If they reply to my email then I go, and if I get the phone numbers I call. >> VOICEOVER: What sets the tone for area girls? Area boys. >> ONYINYE: The area boys come out in the evening, that?s when they come out. That?s when they pick their pockets. If you are nice to them, if you are free with them, they can be nice with you. If you get into their wrong hands, they?ll beat you. They?ll beat you very well. >> VOICEOVER: So are area girls all under the sway of area boys? Well, not quite. Meet Bisayo, an area girl who's graduated. Not cum laude, not to be a CEO. This natural born leader's become Onyinye's "area mother." >> TITLE: The area mother>> ONYINYE: When you have an area mother, definitely an area mother has to be somebody whose legs are very strong. >> VOICEOVER: Protection? She?ll stand in front of you. Bisayo will settle arguments, win games, could have been a diplomat. Instead she is an area mother.>> BISAYO: When you are the area mama for your house or for you territory, people will respect you and they will respect you persona? My guy, am I lying? >> MAN 1: It's true mama. >> VOICEOVER: What marks Bisayo out here, she says, she?s literally graduated.>> BISAYO: I studied history and international relations -- a diplomat. >> TITLE: A diplomat>> BISAYO: I come from a wealthy home so my parents assisted me to go to school, but for the fact that I just want to be an area girl. I see myself as a star in my area. >> BISAYO: Do you feel me? >> MAN 2: Mama, mama, mama!>> BISAYO: I protect my territory. >> TITLE: I protect my territory>> BISAYO: Maybe if I should see any outsiders who want to come and obtain my territory, in my cabal, I will overtake. When I graduated I searched for a job but I couldn't get work. So I play lotto to meet my daily needs. I win, I don't win, it's okay by me. >> VOICEOVER: Bisayo is a leader, the kind you might want in the boardroom. Today she?s greeted as hero in the medicinal bar. >> BISAYO: This is where I make my happy day, this is my "shepe joint" and these are my guys. >> TITLE: "Shepe joint" = my hang out>> BISAYO: This is where I enjoy my life. All my life! Shepe for life! And this is our mama, mama gangan. Come to this cabal. Everyone is welcome. You'll get everything. Even palm wine for life! Everything goes on my fingertips, because if I tell them to do something they will do it. So with that I believe I am being respected in the society and I can become a leader in the future. My destiny is to help the society. >> TITLE: Become a leader>> TITLE: Boundary market>> VOICEOVER: So can a hardworking girl with more modest ambitions be an area girl too? Gift only went to primary school. Today she's buying ingredients for the "akara", or bean cakes, she sells. Work worth having. >> GIFT: My name is Gift. In this area I'm an area girl, but I don't care what people think. I don?t get involved with the others. From my understanding, what makes me an area girl is the way I live. I don?t have time for trouble but if you want to find my trouble I?ll give it to you. I'm the one that brings in the money for the family. I help my family. I used to hawk, walking around selling stuff but I didn?t want to meet boys because they?d say, "Come sleep with me!" I don?t need that, and if you don?t do what they say -- Sometimes I?d go to the market at four, I?d walk to Apapa, come back after eight, they?d meet you on the road and rape you, all those kind of things. That?s why I stopped hawking and found a place to sell my akara.>> VOICEOVER: This area girl is working a 16-hour day to help make money for her family. And she's running her family too. >> GIFT: I go to the market, buy everything, come back and cook my food. I go out anywhere I like but when it?s time I return. You feeling me? It's not easy!>> VOICEOVER: Gift has moved from selling goods from literally the top of her head to the street corner. Now she wants to move on to the next stage -- her own stall. >> GIFT: If I get the opportunity, I?ll use the skills I learned from hawking and I?d go the market where I bought things to hawk. Sell them in a stall. I can't be an area girl forever. If I see a chance I will change, just leave all those things. >> TITLE: I will change>> VOICEOVER: It's true area girls are what some girls choose to be, but most don't want to remain forever. Our area girls stay on the right side of the law. Some don't. All have the talent and appetite for a decent day's work -- one of the Millennium Development Goals that remains elusive. Of course paid work could mean being an area girl no longer.>> ONYINYE: The only thing you should know is that it's not funny; it's not nice at all. Most of us go through a lot of things in here that we are not proud of, so if we are given the chance, the opportunity, to change, we will chance. >> TITLE: Since we filmed, all three area girls have completed courses in Life Skills, IT and Leadership. Onyinye is enrolling with a fashion school, Gift is finding the backing for a stall and Bisayo is learning Leadership Skills. >> For more information please visit: http://www.bullfrogfilms.com http://www.viewchange.org/videos/a-divine-mission Deacon Patrick Moynihan is a missionary in Haiti who runs the Louverture Cleary School, offering a free secondary education to youth in this Port-au-Prince suburb. He believes that the way to rebuild Haiti is through providing education everywhere, no matter how bad the conditions may be. Fri, 03 Jun 2011 08:37:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/a-divine-mission Haiti, Education, Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting, Port-au-Prince, Foreign Assistance, Non-governmental organization, Teacher, LinkTV Picks >> DEACON PATRICK MOYNIHAN [Director, Louverture Cleary School]: Education really works this way: a teacher, a blackboard to write on, and somewhere for kids to sit. And if all the community can provide at this point is a shady tree, get teaching under a shady tree. We don't need any expert ideas in Haiti. We need work - hard, basic work - and a lot of funding. My name is Deacon Patrick Moynihan and I am the president of The Haitian Project as well as the head of Louverture Cleary School just outside of Port-au-Prince in Santo. They opened the school in 1987 and I came in 1996, and since then we took the school from being 175 students to 350. I decided to leave trading in 1995; I was working for Louis Dreyfus as a commodities and options trader. My faith is at the base of everything I do, and theology and how the church looks at social teachings and the gospels underline everything that we do here and everything that I do. And so from day one, I've always called myself a missionary. It literally changed my life. From trading and working for my own success and making sure my family was successful to changing to working for other people's success and giving my life back. What you receive for free you must give for free. I received a lot of education in my life and so it just made sense to be part of giving education to people who had no chance for it. >> JEAN EMMANUEL ZAMY [LCS Alumni]: To have a good education in Haiti you have to pay a lot, at Louverture Cleary it's totally free. We try to take people who cannot pay for school, people who need the school. I have a good education with nothing. You don't pay for it. >> DEACON PATRICK MOYNIHAN: This school is all about the country of Haiti and rebuilding the country. And this was before the earthquake, of course. Before the earthquake we said, "Nous pret a rebatir Haiti," which means, "We are ready to rebuild Haiti." We come in and work at the level, and move from the level up. We don't come in and say the level is so deplorable you can't work at it. And that sets you apart from the NGO and the other strategies; the missionary is a very specific strategy and it works very well in Haiti. >> TITLE: Video by Paul Franz, Lara Petusky Coger. Produced in association with the Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting as part of Project:Report, a YouTube/Pulitzer Center contest. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-team-episode-8-unfriendly The team decides to go on strike after realizing that someone has been stealing their pay, and assume that their coaches are in on the scam. Coach has to get to the bottom of the situation before the strike descends into chaos. Fri, 03 Jun 2011 00:00:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-team-episode-8-unfriendly Kenya, Human rights, Ethnic group, Education, Change Makers, The Team: Kenya, search for common ground, Ethnic conflict, Gender equality, LinkTV Picks >> BEN: All those in favor, raise your hands. Good. Now we can discuss the details, like what kind of action, and for how long it should last.>> JOHARI: Guys, I think we should have a discussion with coach.>> BEN: We can't discuss the obvious. It should last as long as our demands have not been met.>> TEAM: Yes.>> JOHARI: Guys, look, I just think this can be sorted out without resorting to a strike!>> OLI: What if we tried a hunger strike? It worked very well for Mahatma Gandhi.>> PRIEST: Mahatma Gandhi is history. I have to eat, man.>> BEN: I support Priest. I am not giving up my meals for anything.>> OLI: Okay, okay, guys, it was only an idea. But anyway, how do you guys plan to achieve anything if you are not ready to sacrifice?>> PRIEST: Let?s just refuse to train. This thing is not about miracles; it?s defiance.>> OLI: No, no, no. Priest, we just can't refuse to practice like that. See, they may well call in other players, and then we find ourselves out of the camp!>> KEZIA: In fact, you?re right, Oli, but we need to put these guys in a fix. At least they need to know what we want. >> BEN: Coach. Coach is coming.>> BETH: Guys, guys, come back here. Hurry up. Now I want you to split into two groups for one touch pass. So in a circle, one player is in the center. So get moving. I thought I was clear, in a circle with a player in the center.>> SIGN: Our right>> SIGN: No pay / No play>> SIGN: Don't play with our rights>> BETH: Okay, please, please! Can I have a minute to explain myself?>> PRIEST: First give us our money, and then we?ll give you your minute.>> TEAM: Yes.>> KEZIA: Give us our money then we?ll give you your minute!>> TEAM: Give us our money then we?ll give you your minute!>> BEN: That is great you guys. She should stop being bossy. Guys, chill out guys. I'll tell you something.>> OLI: It's just the same old story, man. We are nothing but a ladder to their riches.>> SONG: It's usual business to them.>> ABBAS: We can't accept that.>> BEN: We should have known all along. But some of us can't see past the deception.>> OLI: Dangle a carrot, and the hungry will come flocking.>> BEN: And drop a title here and there, and the stage is set.>> JOHARI: Ben, that's out of line.>> BEN: Hey, sorry sis, but that is the situation we are in. All of us.>> JOHARI: You have become a smart ass.>> OLI: It?s not being a smart ass, that?s the situation.>> BETH: Yes coach, we have a situation. I?m coming from the pitch, and the players refused to play.>> COACH: Well, I saw it coming. Now try and calm the situation down for me. I will be there in thirty minutes, all right? >> BETH: Coach, there is nothing much you can do.>> COACH: No, Beth. We have to get to the bottom of this.>> BETH: You know very well that the accountant is Mr. Bukenya's cousin!>> COACH: No, in fact, I know what to do. I?ve already talked to Mr. Bukenya and informed him about the anomalies in the accounts. But don't confront the accountant until I get there, all right? >> BETH: Okay, I?ll wait for you in the office. See you soon. Thank you.>> COACH: Good.>> PRIEST: You guys, where's the coach? Where?s coach? I smell something fishy here.>> BEN: I haven't seen him the whole morning.>> JOHARI: I know. It looks bad. But before we jump to any conclusions, let's give them a chance to explain themselves to us.>> OLI: But Johari, what if coach is part of the scam?>> TINA: Yes, what if he's the leader? >> JOHARI: But he can't -->> OLI: No buts, Johari. I don't see why you're defending coach.>> PRIEST: Now, now see guys. We go back on our plan and such things will continue to happen. Why should someone steal from our sweat? Why?>> OLI: Exactly. And again, given the prevailing circumstances, the strike is perfectly in order. These are our rights, our human rights!>> JOHARI: Guys -->> BEN: Stop with the attitude. What?s wrong with you? Relax.>> OLI: Don't you know the meaning of man? We have to fight for our own rights. If you don?t know your rights, that?s your problem.>> PREIST: Enough of your words. Relax. We are not listening to you this time around.>> COACH: Hello, sir. Well I am sure you wouldn't want the media to get wind of this. And in fact, the accountant has been invoking your name.>> BUKENYA: I'm listening.>> COACH: Well, with so much at stake, boss, we have to do something.>> BUKENYA: Where are you right now?>> COACH: Well I?m almost finished with the meeting; I could cut it and head back.>> BUKENYA: Please get there immediately and just try and calm them down right now. Please go and do that.>> COACH: All right. I?ll do all I can.>> BUKENYA: Yes, officer. I?ll brief you in the next ten minutes. Right.>> TEAM: No pay, no play!>> ACCOUNTANT: Yes, what can I do for you?>> COACH: I need a very clear explanation.>> TOM [Accountant]: Since when did I start reporting to you guys?>> BETH: Tom, we have a situation. The players are on strike!>> TOM: I don?t deal with the team. I have nothing to do with labor issues.>> COACH: Look here. Let?s not waste each other?s time. What?s going on?>> TOM: Look here, coach. I don't know what you're -- what is the big fuss about?>> COACH: I have spoken to Mr. Bukenya and he?s very upset.>> TOM: Look, if it's about that issue of the money, these are children. Just talk to them. It is no big deal.>> COACH: Get out there, and tell them that you stole their money, and that it's no big deal!>> TOM: Hey, watch your mouth. I can be very nasty if I want.>> COACH: The law can also be very, very nasty.>> TEAM: No pay, no play!>> COACH: That's what I need.>> SIGN: Our right>> JOHARI: Guys, guys, listen. Listen, let's calm down, eh? We don?t want to do anything rash -- we don't have the facts yet, and we don?t know the truth!>> BEN: Leave it alone, Johari, you can?t be this naive! Who else can take the money?>> JOHARI: Ben, that?s not the point.>> BEN: The point is -->> TEAM: No pay, no play!>> WORKER 1: It's true?>> WORKER 2: Yes, they are cutting our paycheck.>> WORKER 1: And they are not giving us a reason.>> WORKERS: Tell us today! Tell us today!>> COACH: Get out there and be nasty to them. Be nasty to them, and see if you can pacify them. Come on, get up. Get up! Let's go!>> JOHARI: Preist, are you crazy?>> PRIEST: Stop being foolish, man. People haven?t been paid! If these guys don't respect us, then we should not respect them!>> COOK: Yes, even we have questions for him. Let him come out here.>> COACH: Shh. All right, listen up.>> PRIEST: Coach, man, there is no being patient here, this man has to come out. First coach, you can?t handle this incident, it is over you by nine feet.>> COACH: Priest, are you forgetting what brought you here? Are you forgetting about the deal?>> PRIEST: Coach, man, I know the deal. But coach, there are other things you can?t just swallow. One moment the accountant says coach knew -->> TEAM: Oh!>> PRIEST: Accounts clerk knew -->> TEAM: Oh!>> PRIEST: No! Give us our money, man. Pay us or we pay you!>> COACH: Shh! Can you listen? Team, I don't have time for your silly games! Look here! Listen! Now can you get rid of these placards and get back to what brought you here?>> ABBAS: No pay, no play!>> COACH: Shh, shh, listen. This is all well and good: the solidarity, sticking together. But may I remind you that with the exception of Ben and Johari, the rest of you came here alone.>> JACKIE: Irrelevant, irrelevant, we are still being paid equally. >> TEAM: No pay, no play! >> COACH: Tina, now you listen. Tina, do you want to jeopardize your only chance to kick-start your football career?>> TINA: Coach, I can?t afford to have my money stolen every week.>> TEAM: Tell him!>> COACH: Abbas!>> ABBAS: What?>> COACH: What would your father say if he heard of your participation in this?>> ABBAS: I don't care what my father would say. For me, I got to do what I got to do.>> COACH: All right, team. You have made your point, and I have acted on it. >> TEAM: How? How?>> COACH: Whoever is responsible for this will have to pay for it.>> TEAM: That one is the thief! Bring our money, you thief!>> POLICE OFFICER: Calm down, people. Calm down. Your coach here called me, and we are going to solve this issue, if only you'd remain calm and give us a chance. >> OLI: Coach, don?t take a bribe!>> COACH'S MOTHER: Lulu, come and eat.>> LULU: I?m not eating until I see Johari.>> COACH'S MOTHER: What?>> LULU: I?m not eating until -->> COACH'S MOTHER: Lulu, I've heard you.>> LULU: Then why are still asking me what I have said?>> COACH'S MOTHER: See, since you have started associating yourself with Johari, you have become a bad girl. Lulu, I am still talking!>> LULU: Keep talking.>> COACH'S MOTHER: Lulu, come back here! Lulu! It?s good you are here.>> COACH: Why, what is going on?>> COACH'S MOTHER: Lulu has been disturbing me the whole afternoon. She says she cannot eat until she sees Johari. This Johari has spoiled Lulu. I told you about this girl Johari. Ever since Lulu started being her friend, she has become a bad girl. Even you, putting Johari as the captain, I fear for the other players, they will also be spoiled. >> COACH: Ma, I know that girl. She is respectful and she has a good heart. I am even happy that Lulu likes her. It doesn?t matter which part of the country one comes from. Ma, we can?t continue like this.>> COACH'S MOTHER: How do you mean?>> COACH: Fighting every day.>> COACH'S MOTHER: Okay fine, I will stop fighting with you.>> COACH: It's not that simple. Mom, when you live with people from other parts of the country, you will come to see that they are not bad people.>> COACH?S MOTHER: Give me another one -- where is Lulu?s mom? Have you forgotten what happened? The only thing we have left is her picture to look at. >> COACH: Mom, what I think is we should not cause a rift between Lulu and her friends.>> COACH'S MOTHER: What do you want us to do? >> COACH: Leave Lulu to be free to choose whomever she likes.>> COACH?S MOTHER: Okay, I don?t have anything to say. Let me go rest.>> COACH: Beth, can I have a word with Johari?>> JOHARI: Yes, coach?>> COACH: Johari, I wanted to tell you something. You know I?ve been cool towards you, although you come from the same tribe as the people who killed my wife, and you remind me a lot about her.>> JOHARI: I don't know what to say, coach. You know I would never try to -- >> COACH: I know. I do understand, Johari. But you know, sometimes matters of the heart make you act irrational.>> JOHARI: I'm flattered coach. You're a very nice man. But you know I wouldn?t like to be entangled in relationships that will lead into -- >> COACH: Johari, you misunderstood me.>> JOHARI: Oh good! For a moment there I thought -->> COACH: I was talking about my wife. You know, the people who killed her happened to be from your region. And my mother came visiting the other day, and she kind of brought to the surface all those irrational feelings that I thought were dead and buried.>> JOHARI: And how is that?>> COACH: Well, you know, according to her, she thinks that you represent and remind us of the tragedy we went through. We argue a lot about it. But I am glad your only crime is that you happen to come from that region, and you also happened to come my way during an argument with my mom. But I?m happy all that is over now.>> JOHARI: I'm glad it's over, too.>> COACH: You're good to the team, Johari. And I hope you?ll use your influence to rally them to win.>> JOHARI: Yes, coach. And thanks for the vote of confidence.>> COACH: You're welcome.>> COACH?S MOTHER: What time is my bus?>> COACH: The bus is at 9 p.m.>> COACH?S MOTHER: We still have time?>> COACH: Yes, we do have time. Ma?>> COACH?S MOTHER: Eh?>> COACH: Maybe you should change your attitude towards Johari.>> COACH?S MOTHER: I don?t have anything against Johari. All I want to know is the truth of the matter.>> ABBAS: And you were telling me what about Priest?>> MAMU: Okay, that is enough about Priest, what about you?>> ABBAS: Ah, Priest, there you are. Your mom was telling me some stuff about you. So you have such a cool mom!>> PRIEST: Yes, the coolest, actually. Abbas, please give me a chance to talk with my Mom a bit? >> ABBAS: It was a pleasure meeting you.>> MAMU: Thank you.>> PRIEST: Mamu, what if coach comes and finds you here. What will you say?>> MAMU: Ask him to join the party.>> PRIEST: Mamu, I want out.>> MAMU: You can't have out. You know, maybe all you need is a rest.>> PRIEST: No, Mamu. This won't change my mind. I want out.>> MAMU: There?s no option. You know our code.>> PRIEST: Yeah, but -->> MAMU: No buts! >> PRIEST: But we were supposed to -->> MAMU: No buts. You promised football was not going to interfere!>> PRIEST: Mamu, it's not just the football team, there is also my family there. I want to be in their good books.>> MAMU: You can still be in the business and be in their good books.>> PRIEST: Yeah, but I?m starting to lose my mind. I want out. I want out.>> MAMU: You will regret this, Priest. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/life-on-the-edge-reclaim-the-condom Sheila Manjate is launching a campaign to "reclaim the condom" from the public health agencies. She believes that people are more likely to use condoms if they are marketed as sexy contraceptives as opposed weapons against HIV/AIDS. Wed, 01 Jun 2011 09:15:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/life-on-the-edge-reclaim-the-condom Mozambique, Health, Education, Chibuto, Maputo, Condom, Reproductive health, Life on the Edge, HIV, AIDS >> TITLE: Reclaim the Condom>> VOICEOVER: Like all countries in southern Africa, Mozambique suffers from HIV/AIDS. Every year, millions of dollars are spent on prevention campaigns, including promoting condoms. But the battle is far from won, and one person thinks she knows why.>> SHEILA MANJATE [Sexual Health Counselor, North East Secondary School]: I don't know how many students there are, maybe eight thousand. To pick up condoms? I have the records here. Maybe a hundred per month. >> VOICEOVER: At the North East Secondary School in the capital Maputo, 22-year-old Sheila is a trained sexual health counselor. In her office, young people come to her with their intimate problems.>> BOY 1: I'm having a problem with my girlfriend. >> SHEILA MANJATE: And you did not use a condom?>> BOY 1: Often we didn't use it.>> SHEILA MANJATE: Because you trusted her?>> BOY 1: I risked it because I trusted her, but I mistrust her at the same time.>> VOICEOVER: The message is clear -- selling condoms as barriers against HIV can suggest couples don?t trust each other. So Sheila?s convinced it?s easier to sell condoms as contraceptives. Today in her office, she?s tearing down the public health posters. For Sheila, condoms are the main weapons against HIV/AIDS, but they must have the right image. The unbranded ?white? condoms are the ones distributed in schools and clinics. Much better, she says, those more sexy, branded ones. >> VOICEOVER: Sheila lives at her grandma?s. A churchgoing Christian, she wants to train as a lawyer. She says what some in the big health agencies think privately.>> SHEILA MANJATE: The condom is too associated with HIV and so it has become stigmatized in the people's minds.>> VOICEOVER: She?s backed by market research, which shows trust in relationships is the main reason for not using condoms. Sheila knows sex and romance sell, so why not use them to promote condoms? She is working on a radio program to try her message on a wider audience. It's for 99FM, a popular national radio station. Today is the big sell. >> SHEILA MANJATE: I'm very nervous. I'm in the hands of God.>> VOICEOVER: Sheila?s off to see the head of the station. But will he buy her maverick message?>> SHEILA MANJATE: Our idea is to make a pilot program.>> NELSON CAMAL [Station head, SNYC 99 FM]: Yesterday I attended a Millennium Village ceremony in Chibuto. They had a box of condoms like this one. I didn't want to take any.>> SHEILA MANJATE: Exactly.>> NELSON CAMAL: But what are we going to say in the program? No to the AIDS condom, or are we going to say AIDS condom, yes?>> SHEILA MANJATE: No, our objective is to say yes to the condom.>> VOICEOVER: Not only have they given her airtime, 99FM has given Sheila her own team. Their slogan: "For Your Up Moments!" Public health campaigns find it difficult to link condoms with pleasure. But can you really sell condoms better branding them with sex than with illness? Early morning, and time to take the show on the road. Today to Xinavane, 100 kilometers north of Maputo. For her program, Sheila wants people to talk openly about their sex lives. She hopes their stories will reveal why they should use condoms.>> SHEILA MANJATE: How was it, the first time, the first child?>> FARIDA: It happened when I was fooling around. I cannot lie about that.>> VOICEOVER: Sex and birth control, says Sheila -- that's why condoms were invented. It's common ground that brings partners together when talk of HIV can drive them apart. She's taking the message to the local school to see how it plays.>> SHEILA MANJATE: Our mothers fell pregnant at the age of 14, 15, 16, 17; they lived their sexuality at the moment they felt the time had come. I want you to tell me: What do you do to live your sexuality, without having the same problems our mothers had? What did you say?>> MALE STUDENT 1: I use the condom.>> SHEILA MANJATE: You used the condom. Thank you. Ping pong, another one. What do you do?>> FEMALE STUDENT 1: Condom.>> SHEILA MANJATE: Condom. Who else?>> FEMALE STUDENT 2: Fidelity.>> SHEILA MANJATE: Fidelity. Who else?>> FEMALE STUDENT 3: Condom.>> SHEILA MANJATE: Condom. Who else?>> MALE STUDENT 2: Fidelity.>> SHEILA MANJATE: Fidelity. Who else?>> FEMALE STUDENT 4: Condom.>> SHEILA MANJATE: Condom. Who else?>> FEMALE STUDENT 5: Be faithful to my boyfriend.>> SHEILA MANJATE: Be faithful to your boyfriend? I have to be faithful to my boyfriend, but I also have to be faithful to the condom, because the day my boyfriend drops me, the condom will stay with me.>> VOICEOVER: Sheila's taking her message to people that may never have seen sexily packed condoms before. But will her approach shock? AIDS campaigners are now finding out that infections are increasingly within married couples. So can Sheila find a reason for introducing condoms in a married relationship? Sheila and colleague Arthur are going to try and persuade David, along with shining his shoes.>> DAVID TOVELA: No, no, I never used a condom, and I will never use it. With Moses, I say, meat on meat, an eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth.>> SHEILA MANJATE: A woman, when she gets pregnant, needs a time to recover and for the child to grow before she can fall pregnant again. This is a condom. There is this one, and this one. This is a mixture of three different types: this type, that type, and the other type. So you try and the one you like most you start using always.>> VOICEOVER: Later, time for a call to David. >> SHEILA MANJATE: Oh, so you've decided to use them. You loved it? >> VOICEOVER: Perhaps another condom convert.>> SHEILA MANJATE: So when your wife falls pregnant, you don't have to abstain, just use the condom.>> VOICEOVER: Sheila?s found different reasons for condom use in each of her interviews, even though no one mentioned AIDS. She takes her findings back to the National AIDS council. But with the scale of the pandemic, can they risk abandoning the public health message?>> DIOGO MILAGRE [Executive Director, AIDS Council]: Unwanted pregnancy is a localized problem. AIDS is a central problem.>> SHEILA MANJATE: Of the government.>> DIOGO MILAGRE: The central problem of today is that I have an infection rate of 16 percent. I have got one million and six hundred thousand people infected, and that could compromise the development prospects of the country. That is the central problem.>> VOICEOVER: For those responsible for mitigating the impact of the pandemic, Sheila?s message may be far too risky. It is a message on the edge of the debate. But the debate may be moving her way.>> SHEILA MANJATE: Probably it is necessary for me one day to invite Mr. Diogo to take off his suit, put on shorts, a T-shirt, a pair of flip-flops, and enter the communities, and take with him the message of pregnancy, abandoned women, drop-outs, sex after pregnancy, and make those messages the image of the condom, and solve the problem based on the problems of the people.>> TITLE: For more information, please visit: http://www.bullfrogfilms.com http://www.viewchange.org/videos/life-on-the-edge-back-in-business Sierra Leone was torn apart by years of civil war. Now that the country is beginning to rebound, two men see a vast potential for sustainable and ecological tourism. But will they be able to ensure that the impending development boom will benefit the people of Sierra Leone and not just foreign investors? Wed, 01 Jun 2011 08:15:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/life-on-the-edge-back-in-business Sierra Leone, Environment, Sierra Leone Civil War, Ecotourism, Outamba-Kilimi National Park, West Africa, Sustainable development, Diana Monkey, Black-and-white colobus, Life on the Edge >> TITLE: Back in Business?>> VOICEOVER: Bimbola Carrol is Sierra Leonean but lives in England. He left his home during the war. He?s now determined to change the perceptions of his homeland. He set up a website focusing on travel, tourism and investment opportunities to do just that. Last year alone it had 40 million hits. Bimbola is traveling back to Sierra Leone with Derek Moore, founder of the international travel company Explore. Their agenda? To investigate Sierra Leone?s potential for tourism, and the barriers stopping the industry getting back on its feet.>> BIMBOLA CARROL [Creator, Visit Sierra Leone website]: The website was set up to show people another side of Sierra Leone, a more positive side which is not often seen in the media. It also highlights the tourism potential in Sierra Leone. But the initial mission is actually to change people?s perceptions to stimulate investment to Sierra Leone as a whole. It?s not just about diamonds. It depends what you?re looking for.>> DEREK MOORE [Explore Worldwide Ltd]: I?m going to Sierra Leone because I don?t really know what I?m going to find there. I?ve read that it?s got wonderful beaches, it?s got wildlife reserves, it?s got mountains, and there's trekking there. But I don?t know anything about it, and I feel that it?s a bit of an open book for a tour operator. With some strategic planning, and looking at what can be developed, I think it could be the start of a great adventure.>> VOICEOVER: Derek and Bimbola?s first stop: the beaches on the Freetown peninsula. >> DEREK MOORE: Wow! This is phenomenal! This is so far away from the popular image of Sierra Leone, and that?s the good news. For me, the potential bad news is who owns the waterfront land, because depending on who owns that land we could end up here with a beautifully managed tourist area, or in ten years time they could end up with a series of beachfront hotels that would completely ruin it. There is a fantastic chance here to get it right. I mean, the good thing about Sierra Leone emerging into the tourist world a little bit later than many other parts of Africa could be that they can learn from what the others did wrong, and I?d like to feel that if the government controls things properly this beautiful beach could be just as good as this, but earning a living and an economic income for the country in years to come.>> DR. KADI SESAY [Minister of Trade and Industry]: I think there is a need for us to create an environment that will attract investment in areas that will provide a lot of jobs for young people. And this is going to create the required stability for this country to move forward. There is a need for us to give the assurance to the private sector, to address the concerns of the private sector, and this is why as a government we're willing to provide the necessary support to any investors that may want to come to this country.>> VOICEOVER: Derek and Bimbola meet Cecil Williams from the Sierra Leone National Tourist Board.>> BIMBOLA CARROL: This is Derek Moore.>> DEREK MOORE: I?m Derek, good to meet you, Cecil.>> CECIL WILLIAMS [General Manager, Sierra Leone National Tourist Board]: I?ve been looking forward to seeing you.>> DEREK MOORE: Is this being driven, are you actively looking for entrepreneurs and investors and going out and trying to find them, or are they just falling into your lap?>> CECIL WILLIAMS: These are people who are actually falling into our lap. >> DEREK MOORE: At the moment.>> CECIL WILLIAMS: We have not been able to go out and source the type of investors who will fulfill some of our aspirations. They are people who have come here, who have seen the potential that we have available. So it is going to be very difficult to control an investor coming here, doing some work, and stopping them from taking most of their capital out.>> DEREK MOORE: Okay, another point though, if the eco lodges are going to be in places such as Kilimi, which I assume is -->> VOICEOVER: Cecil Williams is only too aware that Sierra Leone?s legislation on tourism needs urgent updating.>> CECIL WILLIAMS: Our last policy was done some fifteen years ago and quite a lot of things have happened, there have been a lot of changes. We?d like to see how we could get assistance to review the legislation, because there is a legislation that governs the tourism industry, referred to as the Tourism Development Act of 1990. And you will appreciate that from that time to now quite a lot of changes have taken place. >> DEREK MOORE: Right, let?s sort out where we set off from this morning and where we are going.>> BIMBOLA CARROL: We set out from the south, not far from the Liberian border. >> DEREK MOORE: So it?s a real border to border trip -- the Liberian border in the south straight through the middle of Sierra Leone. >> VOICEOVER: After the years of civil war, Sierra Leone's infrastructure is in tatters. Many rivers have no bridges. The roads are appalling. It takes several hours to travel south to their second destination, Tiwai Island. After travelling for nine hours, Derek and Bimbola get close to Tiwai. They finally arrive at the boat that will take them to the island where they will camp for the night.>> DEREK MOORE: Do we see the boat? Yes, we do see a boat. Is that a crocodile? It?s a log or a crocodile; I'm not sure which. >> VOICEOVER: Tiwai is a designated nature reserve, famous for its rare birds and monkeys, and jungle walks. >> BIMBOLA CARROL: I haven?t been here before. I do carry the information on the site. But it?s quite an experience, walking through the jungle; it?s unlike anything I?ve done before. I understand that there is quite a lot of wildlife out here to be seen. We understand in the dry season we can spot some pygmy hippos as well. But now is not the ideal time.>> KENNETH [Guide]: Well, not really. They may be difficult to see now. >> BIMBOLA CARROL: So we are hoping to spot some Diana monkeys and -->> KENNETH: Colobus monkeys. Red Colobus.>> VOICEOVER: The Tacugama Chimpanzee sanctuary is just 40 minutes outside the capital Freetown. It?s currently the most popular tourist destination in the country. Bala Amarasekaran set it up ten years ago. It?s home to about a hundred chimps. Bala is trying hard to tackle poaching.>> BALA AMARASEKARAN [Founder, Tacugama Chimpanzee Sanctuary]: There are people who are actually going for chimps. There are poachers going looking for chimps. Sometimes it can be only for bush meat, but there may be some people trying to get a tiny chimp so they can come into one of the major towns and sell it as a pet.>> VOICEOVER: The average income in Sierra Leone is 150 dollars a year. One chimp can earn a poacher up to 300 dollars.>> BALA AMARASEKARAN: Education is the key. It?s very easy to give up, so I think we have to stay focused. We spend a lot of time educating, not just tourists but Sierra Leoneans themselves. We get over 50 to 60 kids visiting here every month.>> VOICEOVER: This sanctuary demonstrates that well-managed sites can educate and generate interest and income. The government estimates that a booming tourist industry could earn the country up to 150 million dollars per year. Derek and Bimbola?s final destination is Sierra Leone?s only national park, Outamba-Kilimi, in the north of the country. Before the war, the park was well maintained. Today there?s little left -- a couple of canoes and three accommodation huts.>> DEREK MOORE: So if you could just show me the facilities here -- what?s inside this?>> DAYO METZGER [Senior Ranger, Outamba-Kilimi National Park]: This is the modest facility I can offer. I am going to show you now. I don?t know whether it will suit your convenience.>> DEREK MOORE: Okay, so, double bed, mosquito netting on the window.>> DAYO METZGER: The mosquito netting on the window is made with local materials.>> DEREK MOORE: Oh, that's good. So it?s simple, but it?s clean, it?s -- bed comfortable?>> BIMBOLA CARROL: The bed seems fine.>> VOICEOVER: The Park?s Senior Ranger knows there has to be improvements for the facilities he offers. >> DAYO METZGER: The war tends to vandalize all our equipment. Radio sets and all other equipment that was vital for our operation here was all taken away. So tourism promotion in this part of the country is below the standard. >> BIMBOLA CARROL: I can see whey people would be attracted to the place, because it is quite a nice and peaceful place. But if we were looking to target a market, it would need some work done. >> DEREK MOORE: To visit this place is to see a place that?s about to boom, it?s about to burst forth and do what it wants to do. The one thing I?ve no doubt about is that tourism will return in a big way. And I think Explore will be here.>> BIMBOLA CARROL: I will be back, I can tell you that for a fact, that I will be back and hopefully contributing to the development of Sierra Leone, one way or another. >> TITLE: For more information, please visit http://www.bullfrogfilms.com http://www.viewchange.org/videos/smile-pinki Winner of the 2009 Academy Award for Best Documentary (Short Subject), Smile Pinki tells the uplifting story of two young children in India born with cleft lips. Thanks to the efforts of Smile Train, an organization that pays for surgeries to fix clefts, thousands of children around the world are given a second lease on life every single day. Fri, 27 May 2011 08:02:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/smile-pinki India, Health, Cleft lip and palate, Poverty, South Asia, Smile Pinki, Smile Train, Varanasi, Education, Megan Mylan >> TITLE: The Smile Train created this film to raise awareness about the plight of millions of children who are suffering with clefts. Every year, we provide free cleft surgery for hundreds of thousands of these children. This is the story of two of our kids. Smile Train: Changing the World One Smile at a Time.>> TITLE: Principe Productions presents a film by Megan Mylan>> TITLE: Uttar Pradesh, India>> DOCTOR: We are offering surgery for children who have a cleft lip or palate. It's a free operation. If you know anyone -->> MAN 1: There is a boy in our village. He has a cut lip.>> DOCTOR: Has he had surgery?>> MAN 1: No.>> DOCTOR: That's why we're doing this. Please send him.>> MAN 2: Is the fee waived only for the check-up?>> DOCTOR: For the operation, medicine, everything.>> MAN 1: Everything is free?>> DOCTOR: Yes.>> MAN 3: Is the hospital here in Banaras? >> DOCTOR: Yes.>> MAN 4: Is it just one day?>> DOCTOR: Registration is one day, free surgery happens every day.>> TITLE: Smile Pinki>> DOCTOR: This picture you are seeing shows a child born with a cleft lip. I'll leave some flyers. If any of you find out there is someone like this, go tell their parents that they can get free treatment. It's nothing to feel shame about and the surgery is very simple. You will tell them?>> CHILDREN: Yes.>> WOMAN: There is a little girl.>> MAN: Close by, there is a girl with a cleft lip.>> WOMAN: Anjulata's little sister, right? What is her name?>> GIRL: Pinka.>> DOCTOR: Pinki? Okay, thank you. >> DOCTOR: Which one is Mr. Rajendra's house? >> YOUTH: Rajendra who?>> DOCTOR: Whose daughter has a cleft lip.>> BOY: Over there. >> DOCTOR: Are you Rajendra?>> RAJENDRA [Father]: Yes.>> DOCTOR: Is this your child?>> RAJENDRA: She got it because of the eclipse.>> WOMAN: While she was in the womb, there was an eclipse.>> RAJENDRA: It was God's will.>> DOCTOR: It will all be fixed. Why don't we sit down? See, I am affiliated with GS Memorial Plastic Surgery Hospital. On March 18th, we are setting up a registration day for kids who have a cleft lip or palate. We would like you to come on the 18th. We'll get her registered, do a diagnosis, and set a date for the operation. So, will you come?>> RAJENDRA: What can I say? I barely have enough to feed them. If I had money, it would already be done.>> WOMAN: That's it. They said when her teeth come in, we should get the surgery done.>> DOCTOR: But you can't?>> WOMAN: Of course not.>> DOCTOR: It's completely free. We operate all year long on as many kids as we can find. Okay? Does that sound good? You will go? So, how will you get there?>> RAJENDRA: We will walk to Araura.>> MAN: It takes three hours to walk to Araura. The rest, we'll have to find transport. We will make it one way or another. After the operation, when can we come home?>> DOCTOR: You need to stay in the hospital for seven days. >> MAN: Seven days?>> DOCTOR: What do you think about her future now? >> WOMAN: It will lift a huge burden from my head.>> DOCTOR: While you're there, you'll need to make arrangements for food.>> WOMAN: Yes, we will.>> MAN: Do we have to pay them any money?>> DOCTOR: No! You don't pay anything to the hospital. You just need to bring food. Hello. Yes, speaking. Yes, go ahead. Bring him in on the 18th. Please call me back in an hour or so. People donate money, that money comes to our hospital, and then we provide treatment to you.>> RAJENDRA: Since this is in Banaras, it should be quite clean.>> DOCTOR: Yes, it is a private hospital.>> RAJENDRA: Had I known, I would have brought her to you soon as she came into this world. But, I did not know. If it's done, she will be able to live a decent life and get married one day. >> MAN: There is a boy like that.>> DOCTOR: Where is he?>> MAN: Over there.>> DOCTOR: How old is he?>> MAN: About nine.>> MOTHER: Doctors in Banaras saw him once. We didn't get it fixed because he said it was dangerous.>> DOCTOR: Who said?>> MOTHER: His father. We were afraid of the surgery, so we ran from there. >> DOCTOR: There is no big danger. What danger there is in any little operation, this has that same danger. >> MOTHER: I am afraid for him. He is my son.>> DOCTOR: We do about twelve of these surgeries each day. There is nothing to worry about. When you go, you'll see. He's not the only one like this. Everyone is coming from far off on the 18th. We would like you to come sign-up too. >> WOMAN: There is nothing to be afraid of.>> DOCTOR: We do these operations daily. Every day of the year.>> MOTHER: My hands are tied. My husband is not here.>> GRANDFATHER: I am Ghutaru's grandfather. If she won't go with us, what can we do?>> MOTHER: I have a five-day-old baby. You tell me, how can I go?>> DOCTOR: Can we do this, take your baby with you, we'll make arrangements. If your baby stays with you, can you go?>> WOMAN: Don't be crazy. Get it fixed. His whole life will be better. >> MAN: They are not charging anything. You just need money for travel. It will help him get married too.>> MAN 2: You'll go?>> GHUTARU: Yes. >> MAN 2: Your grandpa will take you. Look, once it's fixed, look how it will be. This is your face, look how it's changed. SEGMENT 2 @ 10:26>> RAJENDRA: So, we'll go tomorrow?>> PINKI: Yes.>> RAJENDRA: You won't cry there, right?>> PINKI: Are they going to put stitches?>> RAJENDRA: Without money, how will I take you on the train?>> PINKI: I'll go on foot. >> RAJENDRA: If you walk you'll get tired. It's a long way. If your feet start hurting, I'll carry you in my arms. >> PINKI: I want to go with you.>> RAJENDRA: Yes. You'll go with me. >> PINKI: Will mummy go too?>> RAJENDRA: No, she can't go.>> MAN: So will you go?>> MOTHER: Yes, I am going to take the baby and go.>> MAN: With whom?>> MOTHER: Ghutaru, his grandfather. I need 500 rupees. When I come back, I'll return it.>> MAN: Who will give you 500?>> MOTHER: Mina's father.>> MAN: Okay, I'll go meet him. >> MOTHER: Tell him I'm giving the guarantee.>> DOCTOR: Remember this number, 165. That's for food. Two hundred and twenty two, remember 222.>> MAN 1: These numbers are the order in which the doctor will see you. What's her name?>> MAN 2: What town or village?>> MAN 3: Mirzapur.>> MAN 1: Do you have a phone number? Maybe a neighbor?>> MAN 2: No, this is an amount of money.>> MAN 3: Is that it?>> MAN 2: Remember your number. I am writing it down here. Your number is 416. Make sure you listen for your number, okay?>> MAN 1: How did you find out about this?>> MAN 2: From the newspaper. I had someone read it to me.>> MOTHER: It happened inside me, during an eclipse.>> MAN 1: When I found out that it was a boy, I was happy. But when I saw that he had a cleft, I felt sad.>> WOMAN: They just started crying when they saw her.>> MAN 3: I wished God had not given birth to him; that would have been better.>> MAN 1: The main issue is marriage?>> WOMAN 2: Where are we going to find a decent boy?>> WOMAN 3: I feel better now. I thought I was the only one who had a child like this.>> MAN 4: It feels strange; there are so many people like this.>> DOCTOR: What happened to her hands?>> FATHER: She works around the house, cooks and all. Her mother is dead. I am her father.>> DOCTOR: Have you married again?>> FATHER: No. I have four girls and two boys. If I marry, who will look after them?>> MOTHER: What can I say? When this child was born, my husband told me to leave.>> DOCTOR: Has anyone come with you? Is there someone here to help out?>> DOCTOR: The best age for surgery is three months. As they grow older it does not go as well. Three hundred patients have already come; we can't possibly operate on everyone right away. We'll give you as early a date as possible.>> DOCTOR: You have been given six months time, so that your child can gain weight. And a medication has also been written here, okay? You can get it from the hospital when you go outside.>> MAN: Seeing this makes me feel bad, but what you all are doing makes me feel very proud. SEGMENT 3 @ 20:11>> DOCTOR: Attention please! 416 Pinki, father Rajendra, please come to the counter.>> MAN: Go, go, go. Get your ticket, quickly.>> DOCTOR: How old is he?>> MAN: Eleven years. >> DOCTOR: Does he go to school?>> MAN: No, he used to go to school, but not any more.>> DOCTOR: Why doesn't he go?>> MAN: He can't speak properly so he doesn't go.>> DOCTOR: What is your name?>> MAN: Say your name.>> GHUTARU: Ghurtaru.>> DOCTOR: Can you hear properly? Can you count up to ten? You don't know? Pankaj! An earlier date will be better. Pankaj, try to admit him now. So once it's fixed, will you go to school? Okay, he'll go. Admit him.>> MAN: She's five years old? >> RAJENDRA: Yes.>> MAN: Was she the full nine months? >> RAJENDRA: Yes.>> MAN: Did her mother have any problems while carrying her?>> RAJENDRA: No. >> MAN: Does anyone else in the family have this?>> RAJENDRA: No. >> DOCTOR: How are you feeling? Any problems? You don't go to school?>> MOTHER: When he opens his mouth, he scares the kids.>> DOCTOR: You open your mouth and people get scared? Why do you run away? You should stay there and scare people. Do you go to school? Or are you off playing marbles? What do you play? What is he saying?>> MOTHER: To play the match.>> DOCTOR: You go to play the match? You know how to play cricket? Okay. Which player do you like? Sachin Tendulkar? And who else do you like?>> GHUTARU: That's it.>> DOCTOR: Nobody else? Once your lip is fixed, you need to either study or learn a trade at your aunt's. You won't play all day, right? Okay, his operation will be in a little while. Don't worry at all. Okay Ghutaru? Shall I go? Shake my hand?>> WOMAN: First of all, he will get lip surgery. Then in a few days, his nose will be operated upon. Have you eaten anything yet this morning? Not even water? Can you show me your stomach? Okay, it's completely flat. Are you all worried about his surgery today?>> MAN: We have faith.>> WOMAN: No fears? None?>> MAN: No fear. We're happy he's going to have it.>> WOMAN: Has it been difficult having a cleft lip? Do you ever look in the mirror? Once your lip is fixed, you'll look in the mirror and you will feel so good. Won't you? Why are you crying? Come on. Don't cry. Let's laugh. >> MOTHER: When she was born, I lost consciousness. I woke up and my sister said, "What did you do that this happened? Your other child is so beautiful, what have you done?" So I said, it looks like a monster's been born.>> DOCTOR 1: A monster's been born? Why did you think that?>> MOTHER: I used to get scared when I looked at her.>> DOCTOR 1: And what about your family? What was their reaction when the saw the baby?>> MOTHER: His family has never seen her.>> DOCTOR 1: They haven't?>> MOTHER: When she was born, they were unhappy. They said, your child's come out like this, you must leave. >> DOCTOR 2: So they hold you responsible as well?>> MOTHER: Yes.>> DOCTOR 1: Do you believe that too, that it was the mother's fault?>> FATHER: No.>> DOCTOR 1: The operation will take about an hour. Does she know what's going to happen?>> RAJENDRA: My daughter? At home, she said, "Let's go get my lip fixed.">> DOCTOR 1: Now that you're here, are you afraid? You feel fine? Not afraid? She's laughing. Who's this?>> PINKI: My daddy. >> DOCTOR 1: What is his name?>> PINKI: It's Rajendra.>> DOCTOR 1: And who's this?>> PINKI: Uncle.>> DOCTOR 1: And what's your name? Pinka or Pinki?>> PINKI: Pinki. >> DOCTOR 1: And what about you?>> RAJENDRA: I feel good. I'm happy, thank God, my daughter's face will be fixed. She used to ask to go to school, she'd grab her book bag, but then the kids started calling her cut-lip. >> DOCTOR 1: They call you cut-lip? What do the boys say? Okay. They call you cut-lip? So you won't go to school?>> DOCTOR 2: Pinki? It's time for her operation. I have to take her downstairs now.>> UNCLE: Right now?>> DOCTOR: You're Pinki's father? Her operation went well. She's absolutely fine. There is nothing to worry about. Her lip was fixed very well. No more worrying, okay? Have you eaten anything?>> RAJENDRA: I will eat after I've seen my child.>> DOCTOR: Okay, you'll eat after you see her. But she's absolutely fine. You can see her soon. >> DOCTOR: Hello, hello? Is this Mr. Ramkesh? What's your name?>> LALCHAND: Lalchand. >> DOCTOR: Talk to Mr. Lalchand.>> LALCHAND: Yes, the operation is over. Call Pinki's mother, will you? No, we did not have any kind of problem. The surgery is done. Everything went well. Yes, we'll call in the morning. Yes, we are all fine.>> MOTHER: You'll be all better in a few days.SEGMENT 4 @ 30:04>> DOCTOR: Which newspapers are you gentlemen with?>> JOURNALIST 1: Pioneer.>> DOCTOR: And you?>> JOURNALIST 2: Times of India.>> DOCTOR: Look at this one. This looks very complicated. In his case, this middle portion was protruding two inches. His lips have been joined from both sides; next we'll push this part down.>> JOURNALIST 1: So how normal will he end up looking?>> DOCTOR: Very. Almost perfect.>> DOCTOR: This is Ghutaru. Can you talk with us? He's had his palate operated, inside. And how are you?>> MOTHER: Good.>> DOCTOR: Was he going to school?>> MOTHER: No. >> DOCTOR: Will he go now?>> MOTHER: Yes, he'll go. He'll talk just fine now.>> JOURNALIST 2: How many patients have you operated?>> DOCTOR: Since 2004, we have operated on 6,000 patients. And now, we operate on 3,000 patients a year.>> JOURNALIST 2: What is the success rate?>> DOCTOR: Success rate is almost 100 percent. Success in terms of giving a good repair is 100 percent. The problem is a backlog. In India, there are a million children with these defects. And each year in India, 35,000 children are born with clefts. Most never get any decent treatment.>> DOCTOR: He's had his palate fixed. Is he feeling okay? Where are you from?>> MOTHER: Vashali district, Bihar.>> JOURNALIST 1: Is this defect as widespread in more advanced countries?>> DOCTOR: They have it there too, but in our region this problem is a lot more widespread. We see it more in poor families. The cause could be a nutritional deficit. What it is exactly, we do not know. What we do know is that it's a problem that occurs between the fourth and twelfth week of development. And it could even be genetic.>> DOCTOR: All the stitches have come off today?>> RAJENDRA: Yes.>> DOCTOR: And you're being discharged today?>> RAJENDRA: Yes. It's looking really good. It looks just fine. First class.>> DOCTOR: Will the other kids make fun of her now?>> RAJENDRA: No.>> DOCTOR: Are you excited to show people at home?>> RAJENDRA: They're not going to believe it.>> DOCTOR: You'll go to school now? Make sure you register her at the school.>> RAJENDRA: Yes I will.>> DOCTOR: Do you want to go home? You'd like to go home, right? Now when you go home, be careful that she doesn't hurt her lip in any way. Keep her safe and indoor for about ten days.>> UNCLE: Ten days or twenty?>> DOCTOR: Just ten, make sure she doesn't get hurt. >> ADMINISTRATOR: It's very important to clean the area regularly. You may call us at anytime, 24 hours a day, if you have questions. Everyone understands what I've said so far? So, since this hospital has helped your children, you have a responsibility to help other such patients. If there is someone among your relatives or friends, send them here immediately. Okay? Give 200 rupees and help them get here. You all come from every corner of this huge country. And if each of you can send five other patients, just imagine how many people can be cured. Without patients, a hospital is useless. You all are our heroes. Don't laugh. That's the truth. Does everyone understand? So will you send us patients?>> MAN: Pinki, smile Pinki.>> RAJENDRA: She's happy to go home.>> MAN: You're going home, right? Then laugh a little.>> RAJENDRA: We're going home, right Pinka?>> TITLE: Five months later>> TITLE: To help a desperate child who is waiting for cleft surgery, please visit www.SmileTrain.org. There are millions of children who need our help. And we need yours. Smile Train: Changing the world one smile at a time. >> DOCTOR: We're having a registration day in September.>> WOMAN: In Banaras?>> DOCTOR: In Banaras. [End credits] http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-team-episode-7-under-pressure The team pulls together to help Kezia's brother Rodez, who is in critical condition in the hospital after suffering a beating fueled by ethnic conflict. As the world around them is consumed by violence and hatred, Imani FC begins to look past their differences and act as one team. Fri, 27 May 2011 00:00:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-team-episode-7-under-pressure Kenya, Ethnic conflict, Refugee, Gender equality, The Team: Kenya, Internally displaced person, Change Makers, Education, Ethnic group, LinkTV Picks >> COACH: Oli.>> OLI: Yes coach?>> COACH: What's going on?>> OLI: What do you mean?>> COACH: You burned your law books.>> OLI: Yes I did. >> COACH: Why?>> OLI: I want to focus on football. Because last time I checked, this is a football camp, not a law school camp, right? >> COACH: Oli, I'm concerned about you. We both know you have a passion for law.>> OLI: But I also have a passion for football.>> COACH: But law is your future, isn't it?>> OLI: What exactly is your point?>> COACH: Tell me about the bonfire.>> OLI: With all due respect, I don't think this is something you would understand. Just let it go. >> COACH: Its okay Oliver. You're free to go. But when you need someone to talk to, you know where to find me.>> OLI: I?m sorry coach, but I won't need to talk. Sorry.>> COACH: Oli?>> OLI: Yes coach?>> COACH: My wife was killed right in from of my eyes. That is the worst nightmare I have had to live with. They asked her a question in their language, and of course she couldn?t answer. That?s when they -->> OLI: I?m really sorry. >> KEZIA: Do you have a moment?>> BETH: Hi Kezia, have a seat.>> KEZIA: I really need to talk to you.>> BETH: You've come to the right person. What do you wish to talk about?>> KEZIA: My brother Rodez. I?m really scared.>> BETH: He'll make it through. And so will you.>> KEZIA: He better. He's the only family I have.>> BETH: What about your parents?>> KEZIA: My dad is as good as dead to me.>> BETH: And your mother?>> KEZIA: Mommy says we remind her of daddy. >> BETH: I see.>> KEZIA: I really wish it were daddy instead of Rodez.>> BETH: Kezia! You don't mean that.>> KEZIA: I do.>> BETH: You're just worried about Rodez's condition.>> KEZIA: I'm really scared Beth. What if he doesn?t make it?>> BETH: This will work out. You're not alone in this. You?ll see. >> KEZIA: I really hope so.>> BETH: Don?t worry. It will be fine.>> COACH: Look Oli, I know what you are feeling. Especially seeing this violence.>> OLI: Its okay, I?ll handle this.>> COACH: That's what I said in the beginning. Oli, right now you may not need to talk, but whenever you need to talk to someone, I will be there for you.>> OLI: Never mind. I?ll be fine.>> COACH: Johari.>> JOHARI: Yes coach.>> COACH: How are you doing? >> JOHARI: I?m fine.>> COACH: Lulu, here's Johari. Maybe you can tell her why you don't want to study.>> JOHARI: What? You don't want to study?>> COACH: Can you try and talk some sense into her Johari? For some reason, nowadays she seems to listen to you.>> JOHARI: I'll do my best coach. So why don't you want to study?>>LULU: Because it's boring! I want to play football like you.>> JOHARI: That's very nice of you, but even I had to go to school just like you.>> LULU: You mean at the IDP camp?>> JOHARI: Yes, at the IDP camp.>> LULU: What does IDP stand for?>> JOHARI: IDP stands for Internally Displaced Persons.>> LULU: And what does that mean?>> JOHARI: It means people who have been sent away from their homes.>> LULU: But why would anyone want to chase you away from your home? You are so nice.>> JOHARI: You too Lulu. But some people would say you are not nice just because you don?t speak like them or come from the same tribe as them. >> LULU: Johari?>> JOHARI: Yes Lulu?>> LULU: Thanks for being my friend even though we are not from the same part of the country.>> JOHARI: You mean you and me are not from the same part of country? Oh no! I have to get away from this monster from a different part of the country!>> PRIEST: Stop talking to me, its time for money. >> TINA: Finish up and get going.>> PRIEST: Money is money.>> BEN: If you have my debt, pay up.>> PRIEST: Tina, come here. Tonight at the pitch there is a pepetathon. I want you to come.>> TINA: Yeah, I will come.>> PRIEST: You will come? Come here. Why are you rushing past like that? Tonight there is a pepetathon at the pitch. Will you guys come?>> JACKIE: Cool, we will be there.>> PREIST: But it won?t be for fun. Don?t miss it. It?s juggling tonight. >> JACKIE: Okay, cool.>> PRIEST: You just say cool and then you don?t show up. Ben, come here. Look, tonight there is a pepetathon at the pitch from seven p.m. onwards. Don?t fail me guys. You guys look happy. Abbas, tonight there is a pepetathon at the pitch.>> ABBAS: Who is doing the juggling?>> PRIEST: Me, of course.>> ABBAS: That will be mayhem! >> PRIEST: Do this; sign this quickly so we can leave. >> ABBAS: I?ll make sure I bring my camcorder.>> PRIEST: Will you come with it? Don?t miss it, especially you. Don?t miss it my man. Oli, come. How are you? Look, tonight there is a pepetathon at the pitch.>> OLI: Exactly what does this pepetathon entail?>> PRIEST: This is easy. I?ll juggle the ball for one hour, and if I don?t drop it you will each give a thousand shillings to pay Kezia?s brother?s hospital bill.>> OLI: And if you drop the ball?>> PRIEST: If I drop the ball, you will all give out five hundred shillings, and I will give out all of my allowance.>> OLI: Sounds fair. >> PRIEST: I will give out all of my allowance. Don?t worry. >> OLI: Trust me Priest. I'm giving a thousand whether you drop the ball or not.>> LULU: Really? You?re my boy. We?ve come a long way.>> COP 1: Will you tell us or not?>> PRIEST: I don?t have anything to say. >> COP 2: Why are you disrespectful to the boss?>> PRIEST: I don?t have any problems with anybody.>> COP 1: I don?t know why the coach thinks that you are a good player.>> PRIEST: Maybe he is right.>> COP 2: Who told you to speak?>> COP 1: Listen, I have talked to the coach and told him that you should not be on the team. But we have made a deal.>> PRIEST: What deal?>> COP 2: Who told you to speak?>> COP 1: Don?t worry, but part of it is that you tell us who your associates are.>> PRIEST: Honestly, there is nobody.>> COP 1: If you don?t tell us about your associates there will be serious trouble, if you know what I mean. >> COACH'S MOTHER: Lulu! What behavior is that? Stop being silly and eat your food. This is why I keep saying your father is not raising you properly. You have not respect for grownups.>> JOHARI: Guys, are you ready?>> TEAM: Yes!>> JOHARI: Priest, are you ready?>> PRIEST: Yes!>> JOHARI: Let?s go!>> LULU: Then I chased her across the pitch. Then we got so tired we had to rest. And then she told me that I should study because I am very lucky. She told me about how she went to the IDP camp.>>COACH?S MOTHER: Eat. Your food is getting cold. Lulu, you were saying that Johari was in an IDP camp?>> LULU: Yes, she and her brother.>> COACH?S MOTHER: Then Johari has suffered.>> LULU: Yes. Imagine their books and clothes all burned. In the IDP camp there were no lights, so Johari could not read at night. Tonight I will study.>> COACH?S MOTHER: Johari must be an angel!>> LULU: No, she not an angel, but she is my friend even if she is from a different tribe.>> COACH?S MOTHER: You are saying that Johari is not of our tribe? >> TEAM: Priest! Priest! Priest! Five, four, three, two, one. Yes!>> COACH'S MOTHER: Hello, welcome home my son.>> COACH: How are you?>> COACH'S MOTHER: Fine.>> COACH: How was your day?>> COACH?S MOTHER: It was okay. How are the players? >> COACH: They are well.>> COACH?S MOTHER: That is good to hear. We have eaten and Lulu has gone to bed.>> COACH: Good.>> COACH?S MOTHER: Have you eaten?>> COACH: Yes, I ate at school.>> COACH?S MOTHER: That is good.>> COACH: Thanks mum.>> COACH?S MOTHER: Why didn?t you tell me that Johari is from the other tribe?>> COACH: Why should I tell you? Who is Johari to you?>> COACH?S MOTHER: It?s just that Lulu looks up to her. I wouldn?t want Lulu to follow a different culture.>> COACH: Mum please, I am very tired. I can?t deal with your issues tonight.>> COACH?S MOTHER: That is okay. But make sure that you deal with them tomorrow.>> COACH: Ma, what do you want me to do?>> COACH?S MOTHER: I don?t know, but I don?t want her to be around Lulu so much.>> COACH: I don?t want Lulu to have hatred in her heart. >> COACH?S MOTHER: No, it isn?t that son. It?s just that those people, when you promote them to captain, tomorrow they?ll want to be president.>> KEZIA: Priest, who taught you how to juggle like that? >> PRIEST: What?s that? ?Juggler?? That?s a personal talent. I was born with it. I know I got you guys there! Isn?t it? Mayhem!>> KEZIA: Yes Priest, you got me there. Priest, you are an angel.>> PRIEST: What?>> KEZIA: My friend you are an angel. And help me with your cigarette.>> PRIEST: You said I?m what? >> KEZIA: An angel. >> PRIEST: Kezia, you say I?m an angel? Which angel smokes bhang? An angel who takes weed? Kezia, you are not serious.>> KEZIA: And one who breaks all the school rules. >> PRIEST: All of them.>> KEZIA: Apart from that, help me with your phone.>> PREIST: Phone? Girl, that?s where you?ve gone wrong.>> KEZIA: Please. Priest, you are my friend.>> PRIEST: What if you are caught with this thing?>> KEZIA: I won?t, I promise.>> PRIEST: Kezia, if they discover the phone you will be caught, please be careful.>> KEZIA Okay thanks.>> PRIEST: Be careful, if you get caught I get caught too.>> KEZIA: Thanks.>> PRIEST: An angel who takes weed? Preisterera.>> KEZIA: I?m coming. I won?t be long.>> PRIEST: Yes. >> KEZIA: Rodez, get well soon.>> MR. BUKENYA: Ladies and gentlemen of the press. Thank you for making it here today. >> KEZIA: Let?s go.>> PRIEST: Look, look.>> KEZIA: What? This is our team.>> PRIEST: That is Abbas.>> KEZIA: And that is Johari. What are they doing with Bukenya?>> BUKENYA: I have convened this press conference to condemn the attack on Rodez. He is the brother of Kezia, who plays on my team, Imani FC. I am doing all I can to help Kezia in this very, very difficult time. He is in critical condition, but stable. This is such a tragedy, I must say, and I would like to make a call to the end of such violence. Well I will let them speak for themselves. Johari.>> JOHARI: For me, tribal violence is real; it is here with us. I have been personally affected by the tribal violence, and we lost everything. >> JOURNALIST 1: So winning the scholarship must be very important to you?>> JOHARI: Yes it is, but not only for me. It is important for the rest of the players.>> JOURNALIST 1: Even to you Abbas?>> ABBAS: Yes. Why not?>> JOURNALIST 2: Abbas, is it true that you got onto this team only because of your father's money?>> ABBAS: I got onto this team because I am a good football player. But having said that, it is true that money makes the world go round, and it doesn't hurt that I have access to it. Actually, to a lot of it.>> BUKENYA: And speaking about money, I would like to point out that this is the best-paid team in this region. There is no other co-ed team in this competition that pays their players an allowance of 2,000 shilling per week, per week.>> JOHARI: Um, sir, you mean 1,500 shillings? >> BUKENYA: No Johari. I said 2,000 shillings.>> KEZIA: These people aren?t serious.>> JOURNALIST 1: So which one is it, is it 1,500 or 2,000?>> BUKENYA: I said two thousand shillings.>> PRIEST: We must tell everyone. This isn?t possible.>> KEZIA: This is a joke. Let?s listen to Bukenya.>> BUKENYA: Right, so that?s it. Thank you very much. It?s very trying times, thank you for making it here.>> PRIEST: Let?s go.>> KEZIA: Yes, let?s go.>> PRIEST: So it?s two thousand shillings. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/renewable-home With walls made of bottles and a roof of bamboo, Luiz and Edna's house cost a fraction of a normal building. And now an ecologically sustainable village is on the drawing board. Could this be an alternative to Brazil's dilapidated favelas? Wed, 25 May 2011 10:44:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/renewable-home Brazil, Sustainability, Environment, Recycling, Building material, Journeyman Pictures, Plastic Recycling, Sustainable living, LinkTV Picks >> TITLE: Renewable Home>> VOICEOVER: This morning, Edna Toledo is busy making a cake out of banana skins. >> EDNA TOLEDO: It's luxury made from rubbish. >> VOICEOVER: If Edna's recipe seems unusual, it's nothing compared to the amazing house she lives in. >> EDNA TOLEDO: I like my house. It's airy. Even when it's very hot we don?t feel it here. >> VOICEOVER: Edna and her husband, Luiz, have built their home entirely from rubbish. >> LUIZ TOLEDO: It is not just about cheap materials. It?s art! It?s beautiful. And when you are in a place where you feel good, it's good for your whole body. All the walls are made of newspapers and magazines. They're decorated with broken bottles. The floor is marble waste. We cut it to size and laid it. The roof is made from bamboo found at the side of the road. The house is very good. Besides the view, because we are up high the temperature is also constant. The ventilation is also good. >> VOICEOVER: Luiz is justifiably proud of this house. He only built it recently after the couple got bored with their first recycled house. That one is at the bottom of the hill and it, too, was made entirely from rubbish, except for a few vital points. >> LUIZ TOLEDO: You seal it like this. It is cement for laying bricks, but inside it's rubbish, rubble from building sites. Then you lay them like this to make the walls. Look. This is what I was talking about. You can play with the colors, align them and make patterns. It's just the bottom of the bottle. It has quality, and beauty too. >> VOICEOVER: The beauty might be in the eye of the beholder, but there's no doubting Luiz's originality. >> LUIZ TOLEDO: The door is different. I like to be different. The ceiling was made out of carbon paper, which has no market value. We made a roof everyone likes. That section of roof is made of milk cartons. I mixed in leaves, randomly, and that's the result. You can add any color you like and you end up with a beautiful result. >> WILLIAM MONACHESI [Architect]: From an ecological point of view it's fantastic. These materials would end up in rubbish dumps or just as litter, dumped anywhere. So it's economically viable. And structurally, the material is very strong. >> VOICEOVER: William Monachesi is a local architect who has been watching Luiz Toledo's work closely. >> GIOVANA VITOLA [Reporter]: Out of 10, what would you give him for beauty and design? >> WILLIAM MONACHESI: I wouldn?t give him 10. That would be going too far. But I think 9 or 9.5 would be fair, because he and his wife created it from nothing, a labor of love. >> VOICEOVER: It's not just Luiz's building materials that are environmentally friendly. In front of his house, he has his own sewage treatment plant -- a system of ponds filled with aquatic plants that filter the waste. >> LUIZ TOLEDO: This is our water treatment system. This is treated sewage and grey water. No smell, nothing. Excellent.>> WOMAN: Luiz? >> LUIZ TOLEDO: Yes? >> WOMAN: Mom is asking if you want to buy copper from her.>> LUIZ TOLEDO: Yes, let me have a look. I've got time. >> VOICEOVER: The Toledos' passion for recycling is well known throughout the neighborhood. Everything Luiz buys from his neighbors or saves from his own rubbish ends up here, in this storage area. >> LUIZ TOLEDO: Here we sort out the materials. These are glass. No market value. Brazil doesn't recycle glass. These ones here, I use a lot in construction. Small ones like these I mix in to make concrete. These newspapers here -- I can almost build a house from this quantity. Once it's wet and mashed it increases in volume. I can almost make a house just from this. >> VOICEOVER: Luiz's scavenging only provides a small amount of his building material. Most of it is collected by the catadores, the people who walk Brazil's streets collecting rubbish and delivering it to recycling co-ops, like this one. This catadores' co-op was actually founded by Luiz himself ten years ago. It provides an income for many of the poorest people in the area.>> MAN: He takes a lot of glass. >> LUIZ TOLEDO: Thirty-one reals worth of glass. I could make another three houses like mine from this pile. >> VOICEOVER: On the drive back to the Toledos' home, I get a good look at the local housing. Much of it is very primitive and drab, without much natural light or ventilation. >> LUIZ TOLEDO: The way houses are built nowadays is so unhealthy. Closed, no ventilation. So then you put in fans and air-conditioners, which affect your breathing. It's a vicious cycle going nowhere. >> VOICEOVER: Luiz has decided to tackle this problem with his recycled housing. He is planning a condominium development, and on the homemade elevator back to his house, Luiz points out where he intends to start building. >> LUIZ TOLEDO: The houses will be built across this hill. There will only be ten houses well spaced out. They'll be arranged so as not to be on top of each other. >> VOICEOVER: The ecologically sustainable village is still on the drawing board, but it already looks like being a success. However, Luiz says they're not interested in making a profit from it. >> LUIZ TOLEDO: As it is our own system our idea is not to worry about who will pay more. We only have 20 homes and 65 expressions of interest. So the selection won't be based on money. It will be based on who really wants a different lifestyle. Not a mainstream one. >> VOICEOVER: That night, a local government architect who is overseeing Luiz's development drops by. Laura Jane Barbosa is excited by the potential of Luiz's ideas. >> LAURA JANE BARBOSA [Local Government Architect]: So it's definitely ecologically and economically sound. I think it's fantastic. It's unbelievably creative. This house is life. It represents a love of life. >> LUIZ TOLEDO: You have no excuse for not living well. In this house there is almost nothing bought new. Humanity needs to give up certain things and go back to simpler ways because the way we are going, we won?t survive. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/lost-boy-found When war broke out in southern Sudan, Valentino Deng and thousands of other children fled the fighting that killed many of their families. A lucky few, Valentino included, made it to the United States. Valentino teamed up with Dave Eggers to tell the world the story of the Lost Boys, a story that continues to be written as Valentino carves out a new future for the children of South Sudan. Wed, 25 May 2011 09:44:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/lost-boy-found Sudan, Southern Sudan, Lost Boys of Sudan, Education, Dave Eggers, What Is the What: The Autobiography of Valentino Achak Deng, Sudan People's Armed Forces, Journeyman Pictures, Marial Bai, Sudan, Khartoum >> TITLE: Lost Boy Found>> VOICEOVER: We left as the sun reddened and dropped and we directed ourselves to the desert. We had been told by the villagers that we were close to Ethiopia, that all that was left was to cross the desert, that in a week?s time we would find the end of Sudan. The dying began on the fifth day. >> ERIC CAMPBELL [Reporter]: It was an astonishing story of survival, and it took an extraordinary partnership to bring it to the world. Valentino Deng and his American friend Dave Eggers spent four years writing a book about Valentino's childhood nightmare. >> DAVE EGGERS [Author, "What is the What"]: I think we have a fascination for children who?ve lost everything and have become separated from their parents. We know that this happens during war, but this was something so unique where tens of thousands of children walked more or less alone across a desert eight hundred miles.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: Together they?ve told a tale that captivated millions and even became the must read book for a president. Now they?ve begun a new journey, using a shared passion for education to help rebuild a shattered society.>> DAVE EGGERS: Here in the US, people take their education for granted and he can say well I walked 800 miles through war-ravaged Sudan just to sit on the grass and learn ABC?s in the dirt.>> VALENTINO DENG: If humans can do this, you know, I?m happy and I laugh about it and I say I?m proud to be a part of this society as well.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: This is something you won?t often see in the West -- crowds of kids excited about going to school. In southern Sudan, it?s now every child?s dream to get an education. Not so long ago, children weren?t marching to school, they were fleeing for their lives. Valentino is determined to give these children the chance his generation never had.>> VALENTINO DENG: I want something best for my country. I want something better for my people. I want something that will bring them peace.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: He was a young cattle herder, perhaps eight or nine years old, when the war swept into his village in the early 1980s. For decades there had been tension between these mainly Christian Africans of southern Sudan and the Muslim Arabs of the north. After the southerners rebelled, the north attacked their villages. First they used helicopter gunships.>> TITLE: "What is the What" by Dave Eggers>> VOICEOVER: Now there were five or more of these machines, great black crickets in every direction. Adults were running from the machines, falling, screaming.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: Then came the men on horseback.>> VOICEOVER: From our hiding place we watched the storm overtake the town. All was dust. I heard the crack of gunfire behind us. Horses burst through the grass to the right and left.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: Thousands of children fled into the bush, including many children like Valentino who became separated from their families. The children banded together to try to escape the fighting.>> VALENTINO DENG: We were walking to Ethiopia but we were not safe. There would be the Sudan armed forces that would spot any moving target in southern Sudan and drop bombs at them. We would see dead bodies everywhere. Everyone was looking for a safer place, and whatever it took, walking day and night, we did it. >> ERIC CAMPBELL: Groups of orphans as young as three walked for months across the desert to reach Ethiopia.>> TITLE: "What is the What" by Dave Eggers>> VOICEOVER: Within days there were thousands of boys and soon after the boys arrived, there were adults and families and babies and the land was crowded with Sudanese. A city of refugees rose up within weeks. It is something to see, people simply sitting, surrounded by rebels and Ethiopian soldiers, waiting to be fed.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: Then when Ethiopia expelled them they had to march all over again to Kenya as the civil war raged around them.>> VOICEOVER: I turned around and I could see the soldiers, kneeling in the grass of the riverbank, shooting at us as we crossed. A scream came from very close. I turned to see a boy in the jaws of a crocodile. The river bloomed red and the boy?s face disappeared.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: They actually were firing on you as you were trying to cross the river to escape?>> VALENTINO DENG: Yes.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: And you saw people dying around you? >> VALENTINO DENG: Of course. >> ERIC CAMPBELL: And almost died yourself? >> VALENTINO DENG: Yes. I even saw a woman who was killed, a young woman who was killed and her small daughter was struggling to breastfeed on her mother who?d just been killed, and crying.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: For thirteen years the survivors grew up as unaccompanied minors in refugee camps where they became known as the Lost Boys. Eventually Valentino moved to the United States, determined to tell the world the story of what they?d been through. In 2003 he began collaborating with Dave Eggers, a best selling author whose own memoir had been short-listed for the Pulitzer Prize. Eggers agreed that the money from any book sales would go towards Sudan.>> DAVE EGGERS: The story of the lost boys, and Valentino?s story in particular, just hadn?t been told. This is a war that claimed over two million lives and we knew almost nothing about it.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: The result was ?What is the What,? a fictionalized account of Valentino?s life that became a publishing sensation. >> DAVE EGGERS: We thought we would be telling a story about history, about something that had happened and there was peace in south Sudan and a peace agreement on its way. In the first half of the months that we were working together, that?s when Darfur blew up and we thought well this could never happen again, and it happened precisely the same way. So then the sense of urgency was sort of doubled because that same government was oppressing another region, another country, and we thought if people really understand the underpinnings of the war, both conflicts are so similar. >> ERIC CAMPBELL: The book was not only a best seller; it captivated America?s elite. Valentino Deng found himself feted by past and present US presidents and embraced by Hollywood activists like Angelina Jolie.>> VALENTINO DENG: I became popular in the US. I appreciated it but I didn?t do it to be a celebrity. It was a call to action and that?s how I looked at it always.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: He?s now using the proceeds of the book to help his homeland rebuild. A peace deal in 2005 allowed him to join hundreds of other lost boys returning to southern Sudan, although the boys are now all grown men. They?ve come back to a land that was nearly razed to the ground in 20 years of fighting.>> VALENTINO DENG: After the war, so much of the infrastructure, the little infrastructure that there was, was completely gone. The village has been burned and burned over for many years.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: But since his first visit home in 2003, the towns have started to rise from the ashes. >> VALENTINO DENG: Yes, it has changed much. Last year there was no road like this, and you see people going to school. All schools were closed during the war. So a lot of change is taking place. >> ERIC CAMPBELL: It's all coming back to life. >> VALENTINO DENG: Yep. >> ERIC CAMPBELL: Valentino was able to reconnect with a family he hadn?t seen in 16 years. Against all odds his parents had survived.>> VALENTINO DENG: They look emaciated, they look sick. They needed a lot. I knew I had a lot of offer them, but I was excited to come back and find them alive.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: Deng?s dream was to build a new high school in his village of Marial Bai, a school where the next generation could learn to help their new country. He's already gone most of the way to realizing it. >> VALENTINO DENG: We have come and luckily it didn?t rain. Everything would be wet right now.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: This is amazing what you?ve done. So you built all this in just a year?>> VALENTINO DENG: Yes.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: Everything we see here?>> VALENTINO DENG: Yes, everything we see here except that building. That was built in less than a year. >> ERIC CAMPBELL: That is amazing. >> ERIC CAMPBELL: With the money from the book he bought a truck, transported building materials all the way from Uganda and hired the villagers to build it in record time. When Dave Eggers visited, he was stunned by how fast it had happened in such a remote and hard place.>> DAVE EGGERS: His actions are speaking louder than anything else. There are a lot of people that talk about rebuilding south Sudan and how to do it and there are a lot of plans being drawn up, but in an incredibly short amount of time he just did it. >> ERIC CAMPBELL: It?s the only proper high school in the region. There are now 260 students, including 22 women and girls. The plan is to eventually have 800 students with as many girls as boys. Despite all they?ve been through, people here are quick to see blessings. Even torrential rain is welcomed as a gift from God and that makes this school day doubly blessed. Valentino Deng has invited Abraham Nial, another lost boy who?s just been named the new bishop.>> ABRAHAM NIAL: When we left home in the ?80s, many of us died. Wild animals ate some, some drowned in the rivers, but God kept some of us alive to be witness of what took place in Sudan. >> ERIC CAMPBELL: He and Valentino are pushing a message of non-violence.>> ABRAHAM NIAL: We had a goal that if we can survive and go to school, we need to come back and change life in Sudan. Valentino has done it, that?s why you people are here. We fought for more than 50 years, but nothing was accomplished through the gun. The things are going to change through education.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: It?s no easy task after two decades of war. Even the teachers here have little formal education, so Valentino has appealed for teachers from the other side of the world to help teach them. They?re among dozens who paid their own way to come as volunteers. Despite giving up his retirement for this, Don Hesse says he gets just as much out of the experience as those he?s helping.>> DON HESSE [Volunteer Teacher]: This is where I?d rather be than anywhere else, except possibly the baseball stadium, but some things you?ve got to give up and that?s what I gave up to come here. And I miss my children very much. If I could pick a place I would be, this is where it would be. It?s wonderful.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: During breaks, the students mob the volunteers; hungry for the learning the war denied them. The presence of foreigners here is also an important symbol for the Sudanese, who feel that for decades, the outside world had forgotten them. >> MICHAEL ROSE [Volunteer Teacher]: The students here are incredibly eager, especially this being the first secondary school in the region. There are thousands and thousands of applicants to get into the school who have taken the test. They were the few that were chosen, so they?re going to be some of the most highly educated people in southern Sudan. I think they?re starting to realize that there?s a bigger purpose for them beyond just being a high school graduate. They are going to be the future of the new country.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: In these classrooms, there?s no fidgeting at the back of the class, no yearning for the school bell. In Australia, the students would be in their early teens. Here most are in their twenties, catching up on the lost years.>> DON HESSE: Some of them have come out of five or six years in the army and are now settling down into high school. You get people who?ve had a very difficult past. You get some young boys and you see the joy in their face and the laughter and they?re lighting up. You get some of the older students and their seriousness is tinged by some amount of sadness.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: The problem in southern Sudan is not any lack of enthusiasm; it?s a lack of resources. Even at night, they huddle round the one light powered by the school?s generator. The most determined of all are the girls. In southern Sudan, only one girl in ten finishes primary school, one in a hundred get through high school. >> DON HESSE: The worst thing you can say about these kids is that they?ll steal textbooks so they can stay up late at night and study under the light outside the shower. That?s the worst thing you can say about them, is they want to learn more.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: Every day more people are returning to southern Sudan, despite the poverty that awaits them. In a fertile region, rich in oil, one in four people are still dependent on food aid. Yet there?s a sense of hope here, even excitement of building a new country. Since the peace deal was signed six years ago, there have been no more attacks from the Islamist government in Khartoum. For the first time in decades, southern Sudan is feeling free. But there?s a dark cloud hanging over all of this. In January, the south is due to hold a referendum on independence. It was guaranteed under the peace deal, but the question is, will Khartoum honor the agreement? Would it really let the south, with all its oil fields, go? Or are the people here just months from another war? The possibility of more fighting worries Valentino Deng?s supporters. The school is just a short drive from the northern border, near what could be the front line. >> DAVE EGGERS: Khartoum has never allowed anything like this to happen and none of their behavior would predict that they would allow this to happen peacefully. So there?s a lot of fear and a lot of people say, how can you build a secondary school when there might be war a year from now? But again, Valentino has to always err on the side of hope and moving forward. So that?s the greatest challenge is that, will this school be used as a barracks a year from now?>> ERIC CAMPBELL: So are you optimistic or pessimistic?>> VALENTINO DENG: I am optimistic.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: After all the bad things you?ve seen and been through?>> VALENTINO DENG: Well, the bad things I?ve seen have happened for a reason. There was war, there was chaos, there was the killing, there was all that had to happen because we had allowed our country to get at war with itself. What then would you expect? So all that had to happen. But now the Sudanese have come back again, sat at a round table and negotiated a comprehensive peace agreement that I trust they must implement to its fullest.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: If fighting did come again, would you leave Sudan again?>> VALENTINO DENG: I don?t know.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: Something to think about?>> VALENTINO DENG: I don?t think about it. You know, prevention is better than cure.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: There?s a price he pays for his passion for the school. Once again he?s separated from his family. His wife and baby son live in Kenya until he can make a proper home for them in Sudan, the sort of home Valentino didn?t have.>> VALENTINO DENG: And we will keep him safe, we will protect him in the best way we can. We?ll make sure he doesn?t go through all this pain.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: He sees them rarely, dividing his time between Marial Bai and the US, where he continues to raise money for his foundation. Today, it?s time to farewell the students until he comes back next term.>> VALENTINO DENG: Another issue I would like to acknowledge here is that I?m really very proud of you and I want to thank you very much for our event.>> DAVE EGGERS: He?s become one of my closest friends and he?s also just the best man I?ve ever known. What he?s been able to accomplish through his foundation, and just continues to do, amazes me and everybody who knows him.>> ERIC CAMPBELL: When you look around at what?s been achieved so far, after all you?ve been through, what are your feelings?>> VALENTINO DENG: I?m very happy. I?m very proud of it. I like seeing them cracking jokes and laughing and playing together with their sisters. It?s amazing. And for me, I think I?m doing exactly what I need to do with my life -- to be here, to see people smiling and to know that I?ve given them that smile. That?s what matters to me. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/skateistan A strange sight appears amidst the violence and poverty of Kabul: girls and boys gliding through the war-torn city on flat boards with wheels on the bottom, their shoes seemingly glued to the surface. But even more unusual than the sight of Afghan teenage skateboarders is the expression on their faces. They're smiling. Wed, 25 May 2011 08:44:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/skateistan Afghanistan, Education, Skateistan, Hazara people, Kabul, Pashtun people, Skateboarding, Change Makers, Gender, Journeyman Pictures >> TITLE: Skateistan>> VOICEOVER: The city of Kabul is reeling from decades of warfare. Thousands of its children face a life with few prospects. But some are finding hope in an unlikely place.>> WAIS [Skateboarder]: People keep looking at our shoes and boards in a weird way. They think that they are attached to the boards through some sort of magnetic field. One day without skateboarding is like a month without skateboarding for me. My family and I used to work at Mikroyan, my father and three brothers washed cars for a living. We made a living but the work was intense. Before, my life was hard, but it's better now because of Skateistan.>> VOICEOVER: The Skateistan project is transforming the lives of hundreds of children like Wais through a unique sporting and education initiative.>> SHARNA NOLAN [Skateistan Co-founder]: Skateistan is Afghanistan's first skateboarding school and was brought together by a bunch of expatriate aid workers living in Kabul that had the common love of skateboarding and wanted to share something with the Afghan children here.>> VOICEOVER: Another one of Skateistan's pupils is Murza, a 17-year-old boy who has known nothing but a lifetime of war.>> MURZA [Skateboarder]: We can't escape the violent situation. I am so used to it that it doesn't scare me anymore. It's been happening throughout my life and will continue into the future.>> VOICEOVER: But Murza's involvement in Skateistan has renewed his hope.>> MURZA: Life is hard in Kabul. It is solely because of the support of Skateistan that I am standing now.>> SHARNA NOLAN: Skateistan builds on the positive interactions that kids experience through skateboarding and we also build in education. We expose our students to a whole range of new ideas and new subjects that are typically under-resourced in Afghan regular schooling. Kabul's a city that was designed for around two million people max and at the moment they estimate there's anywhere between 3.5 million to five million people living here. The roads aren't clean, there are no real waste disposal systems, and water and sanitation is an issue. The majority of people are doing quite poorly still and it's a real struggle day-to-day. We're able to bring working children that have not been to school or have limited educational opportunities into a classroom with more educated children. We're able to bring children that typically wouldn't mix in Afghan neighborhoods, so among our 240 students we have Hazaras, Uzbeks, Pashtuns, Tajiks, all playing together, all building relationships and all having fun through skateboarding and through the classroom activities that we do. >> VOICEOVER: One of the most remarkable things about Skateistan is its inclusion of women in sport, something that only a few years ago would have been unthinkable.>> FAZILLA [Skateboarder]: My name is Fazilla, I am 12 years old and I live in Qalai Zaman Khan. >> SHAMS RAZI [Teacher, Skateistan]: Fazilla comes from a very poor family. They have a lot of problems in the family, so we are providing the money for her to go to the school.>> SHARNA NOLAN: When I first met Fazilla, she was incredibly shy. Skateboarding has given her an outlet to express herself through sporting achievement but also to think ahead to her future.>> VOICEOVER: While the Skateistan project has enjoyed support from the wider community, there has been opposition from some corners, especially towards girls skateboarding.>> FAZILLA: I believe that people have negative thoughts; they disagree with girls wanting to pursue skateboarding as a hobby. My family is mostly on my side, however my father disagrees with this hobby. When I am skating on the streets, I can feel people questioning my right to skate. Their opinions are meaningless to me. I really like skating and I won't stop.>> VOICEOVER: Fazilla is not the only one who has found people questioning her right to skate. Mariam was a top pupil at Skateistan until her brother forced her to stop, as he didn't believe girls should skateboard.>> MARIAM [Skateboarder]: My family wants me to stay at home and do housework. I am often upset at home because I want to skate.>> SOPHIE FRIEDL [Volunteer, Skateistan]: She used to be skating for two years now, I think, and since we got the skate park she's not allowed to come skateboarding anymore because her brothers don't want her to take part in any sports. That's sadly still the attitude of quite a few families here.>> VOICEOVER: Old prejudices may not have completely disappeared, but the fact that girls are now involved in sport at all, is a sign of shifting moods in Kabul. In a country with few opportunities for young people, Skateistan represents a way for children to build their confidence and form new ways of seeing the world.>> SHARNA NOLAN: We really believe that if these children are going to inherit the problems that they will, particularly in a country which has been through 30 years of war, it's important to show them new qualities of what it takes to be a leader.>> MURZA: We the people of Afghanistan must unite to rebuild the country.>> VOICEOVER: The problems Afghanistan faces are enormous. However, in classrooms of Skateistan, children are growing up learning the skills they need to help rebuild their devastated country.>> MURZA: My hope is that someone who is able to bring peace leads my country.>> VOICEOVER: Until there is peace, nothing can be certain. Hope is being kept alive in this school, with a difference. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-team-episode-6-desperate-situations After coach punishes the team for having a party by cutting short their leave, Kezia and Oli happen upon a group of people beating up Kezia's brother Rodez. The team must confront the reality of mob justice and an unfair health care system, and joins together to help Rodez. Fri, 20 May 2011 00:00:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-team-episode-6-desperate-situations Kenya, Health, Poverty, Ethnic group, Ethnic conflict, Change Makers, Gender equality, The Team: Kenya, Education, LinkTV Picks >> COACH: I trusted your judgment. >> JOHARI: I didn't know it would turn out that wild, coach. >> COACH: What was the fracas about? >> JOHARI: It was started by a wrong joke at the wrong time. >> COACH: When will you people going to learn how to act as a team and not individuals? >> JOHARI: I?m sorry coach. >> COACH: Go and assemble the players out there. So who started the fight? >> ABBAS: Coach, I think it was Ben who started it. >> KEZIA: Definitely the boys. >> BEN: Me, I just saw blows flying from every direction. >> PRIEST: I wish I knew.>> JOHARI: Me, I?m not sure. >> COACH: Who brought alcohol to the camp? >> BEN: I don?t know.>> KEZIA: Coach, definitely the boys. >> JOHARI: There was alcohol? I had no idea. >> COACH: I understand some of you were seen coming through the gate at eight in the night. >> PRIEST: Yes coach. You see, we were just sitting and then we heard the sound of a car at the gate, so we rushed there to check what was wrong with the car. Suddenly we saw a bag fly from the fence to the compound. We wondered what was happening. So we took the bag and we came to the dining room to find out what was in it. By that time, guys were dancing to the music. >> COACH: What else would they be dancing to? >> PRIEST: The music coach, the music. Now coach, we took the bag to the dining room. In the haste of opening the bag, coach, lo and behold, gases came out of the bag in a very unique design. We were all surprised. Blue, red gases came out of the bag, and then people started getting drunk. When everyone was drunk, the fistfight began, followed by slaps and kicks. It became a mix coach. People started meeting differently. Generally, coach, that's what happened. >> COACH: That was a very good performance. Only how I wish you?d perform the same as a team. You are to report back from your day off tomorrow evening. However, courtesy of Priest, you will report back tomorrow in the morning at nine am sharp. Dismissed. Priest! >> PRIEST: Yes coach? >> COACH: Can you try writing fiction? You would sell volumes. Leave! >> BETH: I disagree with you punishing the innocent and guilty alike. >> COACH: Beth, if these boys and girls don?t socialize as a team, how do you expect them to win as a team? >> JOHARI: What were you fighting about yesterday? >> BEN: If you just knew how my head is feeling, you wouldn?t ask me that question. >> JOHARI: Your drunken situation last night put me in the bad books with coach.>> BEN: Are you going to defend me if you?re talking like that?>> JOHARI: No way. I'm responsible for everybody. No favors. >> BEN: Enough of you bossing me around! >> JOHARI: Stop behaving like a kid and grow up! >> BEN: Have you considered the fact that it's because of "your" mixed tribe? >> JOHARI: Ben, you have crossed the line. Have you heard, get used to it. >> BEN: Brother, huh? Sometimes blood is thinner than mostly assumed. >> JOHARI: But we are family Ben! >> BEN: I already have family within the camp. Furthermore, "Miss Captain," thanks to you some of us are missing our weekend outing. >> KEZIA: Have you heard the rumor? Captain is going to be sacked because of last night?s party.>> OLI: What do you expect after such a wild party? >> KEZIA: The party was tight. >> OLI: Hey, what's going on over there?>> WOMAN: This guy is the stupid guy, and he belongs to the bad tribe. Burn him! Kick him! >> OLI: Stop it! You can't do this!>> MAN: Philosopher, go away with that. Kick him! Take your philosophy away from here. Beat him! Kick him! >> JOHARI: Abbas! Hey, Abbas! >> ABBAS: Sorry. What's going on? >> JOHARI: Nothing much. Yesterday night, whatever happened, it was a mistake. But I still feel we can be -- >> ABBAS: We can still be friends? >> JOHARI: Yes. How did you figure that out? >> ABBAS: Actually I feel the same way. >> JOHARI: Really? I feel the same way too. >> ABBAS: So are we cool? Are we good?>> JOHARI: Yes. See you later.>> ABBAS: Okay, talk to you later.>> KEZIA: You?ll be okay. I?m going to talk to the nurse. Nurse, please?>> NURSE: Hold on, I?ll be back.>> WOMAN: Excuse me. I?m a patient.>> RECEPTIONIST: Have a seat there.>> KEZIA: Come on nurse, please, there must be something you can do to help him? >> NURSE: It is hospital policy. I'd love to assist your boyfriend -- >> KEZIA: He's my brother. Please nurse, please. >> NURSE: We can't admit him yet, but in the meantime let me give him some pain relievers. >> KEZIA; Thank you nurse. Excuse me, how much will that be? >> RECEPTIONIST: Two hundred to open his file, doctor's consultant fee, there is the food fee -- >> KEZIA: Roughly how much? >> RECEPTIONIST: Twelve thousand shillings. >> KEZIA: Is there a phone anywhere around here? >> RECEPTIONIST: Behind there.>> KEZIA: Behind where?>> RECEPTIONIST: Behind the wall.>> KEZIA: Thank you. >> OLI: Guys, we have a situation! >> BETH: Calm down, Oli. Relax. >> OLI: It is about Rodez, Kezia?s brother. >> JOHARI: What has happened? >> OLI: They almost lynched him right in front of my eyes! They grabbed me, but luckily I got away. >> BETH: What about Kezia? Is she ok? >> OLI: She?s with him at the hospital. I tried to stop them but they wouldn't listen. >> PRIEST: Did those guys hurt you?>> OLI: No, they grabbed me. I just got away. >> PRIEST: Easy man. Those people don?t have mercy. Easy man.>> JACKIE: Poor Kezia.>> PRIEST: You know those guys would have hurt you bad. Guys, this is a serious issue. What do you say? You know the hospitals nowadays. Without money they can't help you. I know they haven?t attended to that boy. We all know Kezia is our sister. We can?t abandon her. Let's do something, what do you say?>> BETH: I think Priest has a good idea. What do you think we should do?>> BEN: By the way you guys, we get allowances, so let's help out as a team. What do you think?>> JACKIE: I think we should first raise the admission fee. What do you think? I pledge five hundred shillings.>> PRIEST: You?re giving five hundred shillings, that?s good.>> JOHARI: Who does not have five hundred?>> OLI: Two hundred.>> PRIEST: That?s good.>> ABBAS: I can get like one thousand, probably.>> BEN: Same here.>> TINA: Fifty. >> PRIEST: Fifty shillings, that?s not bad.>> TRIZA: One hundred.>> BETH: So do you need a minute to get the money from the rooms? >> KEZIA: Hello coach, it's me Kezia. My brother has been beaten by a mob. I?m at the hospital and I don?t have the money. Please coach; I don?t have anyone else. I am at the city hospital. Fine thanks. >> COACH: Yes, I'm on my way to the hospital now. Is Oli okay? Was he injured? >> BETH: Not physically. Yes, they started a fundraiser. >> COACH: Really? That?s good. Take care of things for me there. All right.>> JOHARI: Thank you guys very much. Oli, please count the money for us. >> BETH: That was coach. He's on his way to the hospital.>> COACH: Mum! Welcome! >> MOTHER: Thank you! How is my boy doing? >> COACH: I am very fine mum, welcome. It?s a surprise. >> MOTHER: My grandchild. How is it going? Are you well? >> LULU: I am fine grandma. >> MOTHER: And you have become thinner. >> COACH: Mum, this child is fine. >> MOTHER: Girl, help me carry my things. They don?t feed you?>> COACH: This child is fine. Mum, I have to run to the office.>> MOTHER: Why? I have just arrived. >> COACH: But Ma, you didn't even inform me you were coming. >> MOTHER: You have forgotten. We arranged this visit last month, have you forgotten? Will I stay outside here or will I get in? >> COACH: No ma, go in. The brother of one of our players has been attacked. >> MOTHER: You know I don?t like it when you get involved in fighting. Don?t you remember all we?ve been through? >> COACH: It?s true Ma, but I have to go and help out. I am running to the hospital. >> MOTHER: And this player, where is she from? In which part of Kenya does she come from? Where was she born? >> COACH: Ma, that doesn't matter. You get in. I will try to hurry up, and then we can chat. Welcome Ma. Lulu, keep your grandma company.>> OLI: 4,350.>> COACH: Hello, a man was brought here badly injured.>> RECEPTIONIST: And who are you to him?>> COACH: I?m a relative.>> RECEPTIONIST: Yes he?s here. And he?s here to be admitted.>> COACH: Here, use my card. Where is he?>> RECEPTIONIST: Over there.>> COACH: Thank you.>> NURSE: Give me the paper I asked for.>> RECEPTIONIST: The deposit has already been paid.>> NURSE: Oh, okay.>> BETH: Oli, are you okay? I?m going to the hospital. Do you want to come? Come on, he will be fine. Let's go, it will be fine. Don?t worry yourself too much. Rodez will be fine. >> DOCTOR: Are you the family of Rodez? This is the situation: Rodez has suffered injuries to the head and also to the body and this has lead to multiple fractures and internal bleeding. >> KEZIA: Is he okay? Can I see him?>> DOCTOR: Not at the moment. We need to operate so we have put him in what we call an "induced comma" before we operate.>> COACH: Meaning? >> DOCTOR: Don?t worry; he is a strong young man. He will pull through. My advice to you, go home, take a rest. He?s in safe hands.>> JOHARI: Come in. Oli, how are you? What is it? >> OLI: Rodez is a mess. The world sucks. >> JOHARI: And how is Kezia? >> OLI: What do you think? >> JOHARI: Trouble knows no boundaries. Today it's me and tomorrow it's you. >> OLI: Yeah. >> JOHARI: Oli, what's eating you? >> OLI: I don?t know. >> JOHARI: What don't you know about? >> OLI: How could he go back there?>> JOHARI: Who are you talking about? What are you talking about? >> OLI: Rodez. It keeps playing in my mind. He knew the people who attacked him. Most of them are his friends. How will he ever go back to his neighborhood if he lives through this? Or Kezia? >> JOHARI: Listen, man is a victim or a villain, one way or another. >> OLI: Do you hate them for what they did to you and your family? >> JOHARI: No. I feel sorry for them. >> OLI: I would hate them. I will hate those people who did this to Rodez if he dies. >> JOHARI: And what will you get from that Oli? Come on, you need to go and get some rest. Come on, let's go.>> OLI: Thanks.>> JOHARI: You?re welcome.>> OLI?S MOTHER: Hello baby. >> OLI: Fine mother. Mom, I'm done with law school. >> OLI'S MOTHER: Don't be silly. You're just in shock. >> OLI: No, I am not in shock, I'm completely rational, mother. >> OLI'S MOTHER: Hold on, darling. I'm talking to your stepson. >> OLI: Sorry for interrupting, mother. >> OLI'S MOTHER: Sarcasm won't do. Have you talked to your father? >> OLI: For what? For a long time now, I have been forced to do what he wants. This time around, I'm doing it my way. Goodbye mother. >> PRIEST: Unfortunately Oli, it's a cruel world and you may never be able to understand everything or everyone. >> OLI: I don?t get it Priest. Why get degree in law if you can?t do anything? You can't help but watch innocent people getting more victimized each and every day. It's just not getting into my system. >> PRIEST: Unfortunately, that?s life Oli. You can't be able to understand it. >> OLI: Whatever, Priest. I?ve made up my mind. I have decided to follow my dream, rather than what my parent's want. It's my life and especially from now on, my football! >> PRIEST: It's your call, brother. It's your call. >> OLI: My destiny, period. >> TINA: Oli, this is no solution. >> OLI: There is no convincing me otherwise. >> TINA: But you know there is no way to reverse this. >> OLI: I've made up my mind. >> KEZIA: Oli, I made the same mistake once. Please think before you make this decision. >> PRIEST: Oliver, if you burn those books, no one will be able to differentiate you from that lynch mob. No one. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/hope-in-a-changing-climate For more than ten years, John Liu and the EEMP have been identifying the best methods for the large-scale restoration of damaged or destroyed ecosystems. One such place, the Loess Plateau, was transformed from a barren, brown landscape into a functioning, green ecosystem where rainfall infiltrates, water is retained and crops are readied for export. Wed, 18 May 2011 08:41:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/hope-in-a-changing-climate Environment, Agriculture & Food, Climate change, Reforestation, Water & Sanitation, Ecosystem, Erosion, China, Ethiopia, Rwanda >> JOHN LIU: This is China's Loess Plateau. Until recently, this was one of the poorest regions in the country, a land renowned for floods, mudslides and famine. But with the fanfare comes the hope of change for the better. My name is John D Liu. I've been documenting the changes on the plateau for fifteen years. I first came here in 1995 to film an ambitious project where local people were constructing a new landscape on a vast scale, transforming a barren land into a green and fertile one. The project certainly changed my life, convincing me to become a soil scientist. The lessons I've learned in the last few years have made me realize that many of the human tragedies that we regularly witness around the world -- the floods, mudslides, droughts, and famines -- are not inevitable. Here on the Loess Plateau, I've witnessed that people can lift themselves out of poverty. They can radically improve their environment and, by doing so, reduce the threat of climate change.>> TITLE: Hope in a Changing Climate>> JOHN LIU: When I first came to the Loess Plateau, I was astounded by the degree of poverty and degradation, and I wondered how could the Chinese people, the largest ethnic group on the planet, and my fathers and my own ancestors, come from a place that was this barren. >> JOHN LIU: China's Loess Plateau is a region that stretches for 640,000 square kilometers across north-central China. Unspoiled valleys in neighboring Sichuan show us how it might once have looked. It's the sort of natural abundance that is necessary to support an emerging civilization. How could a landscape with such potential have been reduced to this? When Chinese scientists and civil engineers began to survey the area, they realized that several thousand years of agricultural exploitation had denuded the hills and valleys of vegetation. The relentless grazing of domestic animals on the slopes meant that there was no chance for young trees and shrubs to grow. The rainfall no longer seeped into the earth but simply washed down the hillsides, taking the soil with it. Over millennia, this progressively destroyed the region's fertility. When this happens over an area as extensive as the plateau, millions of tons of silt are swept down into the Yellow River, which gets its name from the color of the fine Loess soil. The mounting quantities of silt clog up the river, impeding its flow, contributing to the floods that give the river another name: China's Sorrow. In some areas, creating floating mud mattresses that attract passing tourists. A local problem becomes a national problem. In the dry season, the light unprotected soil is swept up in the winds, causing the dust storms that are blown over China's cities and beyond its borders. On the plateau, the researchers realized that progressive degradation of the environment trapped the local population into a life of subsistence farming. It's a process that has occurred throughout the world in places where poor agricultural communities find themselves overusing their land in order to survive, depleting its fertility and thus further impoverishing them. >> JOHN LIU: One thing that became apparent early on is the connection between damaged environments and human poverty. In many parts of the world there's been a vicious cycle. Continuous use of the land has led to subsistence agriculture, and generation-by-generation this has further degraded the soils. The vital question we have to ask is, can this be destructive process be reversed? >> JOHN LIU: Fifteen years ago, Chinese and international experts were confident it could be. They decided that to prevent further erosion it was necessary to cease farming on certain key areas to allow the trees and shrubs to grow back. But this could not happen without the consent of the farmers themselves. They took some persuading.>> TA FUYUAN [Chief Engineer, Water Protection Bureau]: Of course a lot of people didn't understand the project, they weren't thinking in the long term.>> MAN 1 [Farmer]: They want us to plant trees everywhere, even in the good land. What about the next generation? They can't eat trees.>> JOHN LIU: What eventually convinced the local people was the assurance that they would have tenure of their land, that they would directly benefit from the effort they invested in the new project. >> TA FUYUAN: The goal was to give a hat to the hilltops, give a belt to the hills as well as shoes at the base. The hat meant that the top of these hills had to be replanted with trees. The belt meant that terraces had to be built, which would be used for crop planting and also for trees. The shoes were dams, which we had to build so that the hills could grow back to life and our economy as well as our lives could improve. >> JOHN LIU: Hills and gullies were designated as ecological zones to be protected. Farmers were given financial compensation for not farming on them and keeping their livestock penned up. When I first filmed Mr. Ta Fuyuan and his colleagues back in 1995, I had no idea that this initiative could achieve such dramatic results. The effort that people put into converting their slopes into terraces has resulted in a marked increase in agricultural productivity. The higher yields are directly related to the return of natural vegetation in the surrounding ecological land. Now when it rains, the water no longer runs straight off the slopes. Trapped by the vegetation, it sinks into the ground, where it is retained in the soil, taking weeks and months to gently seep down and irrigate the fields and terraces below. Restoration has occurred over an area of thirty five thousand square kilometers. The impact of such an enormous addition of vegetation goes far beyond the plateau itself. There's been a significant reduction in the soil rushing down into the Yellow River. >> JOHN LIU: As I've been travelling around the Loess Plateau, I've seen extensive changes. The vegetation cover on the hillsides, on the tops of the hills, and down in the valley; everything has changed. It has changed the lives of the people, and in fact, the people themselves have done this. They were the ones who changed their behaviors, terraced the fields, improved the soils, and learned to protect the marginal areas. The changes are not simply on the hillsides. On the plains, you can see greenhouses that are filled with vegetables. This extends the growing season; it's very high value produce. >> JOHN LIU: The abundance and variety of new produce can be seen in the local market. Follow-up studies have shown that incomes have risen three-fold, and scientists point to a more global benefit. Plants, through photosynthesis, remove carbon from the air, countering the effect of human greenhouse gas emissions on the climate. >> PROFESSOR CAI MANTANG [Beijing University]: In terms of climate change, we can say that the project made a double contribution. Firstly the project was successful in recovering vegetation on a large scale. So many trees and so much vegetation grew up, and this definitely helped take carbon out of the atmosphere. Secondly, because the health of the Loess Plateau's ecosystem has been so much improved, the region will be better able to resist the negative impacts of climate change. >> JOHN LIU: As a result of its success, the lessons learned from the Loess Plateau rehabilitation are now being applied all over China. But could such projects work elsewhere in less centrally controlled societies with fewer resources and different soils? Ethiopia, perhaps more than any other country, has come to symbolize the vulnerability of humankind to environmental catastrophe. This is a country whose problems have been increased by war and civil conflict. And now, human-induced climate change is predicted to make matters worse. As on the Loess Plateau, centuries of subsistence farming practices have stripped the land of natural vegetation. The dry gullies bear the scars of flash floods.>> JOHN LIU: These gullies are evidence of the enormous power of runoff during the rainy season. Without vegetation cover on the hillsides, when the rains come the water doesn't soak into the ground but flows away in a flood. Then it's not available for agriculture during the rest of the year. This leads to drought and, famously for Ethiopia, famine. But just as I've witnessed in China, there is hope that the situation here can be reversed. In just six years, Professor Legesse Nagash and local villagers have transformed a severely eroded terrain by planting indigenous trees and plants. Almost miraculously, a clear flowing stream has emerged where once there was a muddy trickle.>> JOHN LIU: How is it that it's possible for you to get the stream to flow throughout the year?>> PROFESSOR LEGESSE NAGASH [Founder, Center for Indigenous Trees, Addis Ababa University]: It is because of the vegetation cover that has been regenerating on this mountain. This water is maintaining the landscape because as soon as rain falls, on the canopy on this vegetation, that rain then infiltrated gradually into the ground, ending up with this steady flow of this river. Water is life. Without water nobody can do anything. I'm amazed: as short as five years, six years, you get clean water like this, provided you work hard for restoring this degraded landscape. >> JOHN LIU: About a thousand kilometers further north, in the village of Abraha Atsebaha, another near miraculous phenomenon is occurring. Farmers are finding water at the bottom of their wells, despite the poor rains this year. The famine of 1984 struck the people of this valley very hard. Many migrated, many died. Now the people are returning. The village chairman Gabre Giday remembers well how life used to be.>> GABRE GIDAY [Village Chairman, Abraha Atsebaha]: Ten years ago I'd say, even five years ago, I'll tell you what the situation was: it was absolutely terrible. The sun, the drought, the wind, it was dry like the desert. There was a refugee program for our village. So we had a choice -- leave the valley or do something.>> JOHN LIU: With government support, they applied the same principles as the Chinese: setting land aside land for natural vegetation to return. In the ravines they built small dams, which are now fed by underground springs. And like Professor Legesse's stream, rain that fell weeks ago now slowly seeps through the subsoil, replenishing the supply of water. >> GABRE GIDAY: The eroded land has become fertile; it's changed for the better. In the drought, our fruit trees dried up. Now they're coming back, and we're growing even more varieties. These are the real benefits we've seen. We have food security and our children can go to school. Our lives have improved. We no longer need to beg the government for aid, thanks to the changes that we have made. Even wild animals that disappeared are returning, even the leopards.>> JOHN LIU: These villagers are now better able to withstand the impact of climate change. With International assistance, their achievement could be repeated across the country. The benefits, as Professor Legesse points out, would spread far beyond Ethiopia's borders.>> PROFESSOR LEGESSE NAGASH: The most important issue for Africa, and I consider this Africa's twenty-first burning issue, is restoration. No matter what we do -- we might be good at rocket science, nuclear science -- but the environment, restoring this huge, vast degraded landscape, is critical for Africa, particularly for Ethiopia. Half of Ethiopia is mountain, and this mountain system is degraded. This degradation of this huge landscape, huge mountain chain of Ethiopia, is critical not only for Ethiopia but also for the entire region. Consider Egypt or the Sudan, where 86 percent of the Nile flows to these countries. How can you support life in Egypt without restoring Ethiopia's mountains? So this is regional, national, and international.>> JOHN LIU: Environmental degradation is not only a problem for the dry regions of Ethiopia. It can be just as devastating for countries like Rwanda, where rainfall is plentiful. This tiny country is grappling with the problem of a growing population, trying to eke out a living on a finite amount of land. As in China and Ethiopia, over-farming on the hillsides caused serious erosion and a decline in fertility, forcing poor farmers to move into protected areas such as the Rugezi wetlands, a wildlife site of international importance.>> JOHN LIU: When farmers drained this marsh to try to grow more food, they not only damaged an important wetland ecosystem, they also had a significant impact three hours drive away in Kigali, the capital city. The water that pours from the marshlands is a vital source of hydropower for Rwanda's capital. As the wetlands began to dry out, power stations below couldn't generate enough electricity. The Rwandan government rented diesel powered generators to make up the shortfall. Dr. Rose Mukankomeje took me to see them.>> DR. ROSE MUKANKOMEJE [Director General, Rwanda Environment Management Authority]: So what is happening here is that we are renting the generators from this company, and we are obliged to rent them especially when we degraded the wetlands and we lost twenty megawatts of electricity. To run those machines we're paying 65,000 US dollars a day.>> JOHN LIU: Sixty-five thousand dollars a day. That's multi-millions of dollars per year.>> DR. ROSE MUKANKOMEJE: Yes, it is millions of dollars, and as you might know, Rwanda is not a rich country. Some of that money has been borrowed from the bank; some is from taxpayers.>> JOHN LIU: How does this affect the climate?>> DR. ROSE MUKANKOMEJE: Of course those machines, they're run on diesel. When you burn the diesel up you are producing greenhouse gases.>> JOHN LIU: Environmentally damaging and more expensive. Locals had to pay three times as much for their electricity. So government policymakers focused on how to restore the Rugezi wetlands. If people were the problem, they could also be the solution.>> H.E. PAUL KAGAME [President of Rwanda]: We had to take a careful look at what had actually been happening that damaged this system, and therefore had to reverse that again with the human action. And this is why it is important to look at how human actions can destroy or can reverse what has been destroyed or even protect our environment.>> JOHN LIU: The government decided to help the farmers leave the wetlands and to restore the degraded slopes above them, improving the croplands and encouraging trees and shrubs to grow back, capturing the rain.>> DR. ROSE MUKANKOMEJE: We have been supporting them by doing terraces, specifically there on the hills, where they can increase and improve the productivity. The most important thing is to have people with you on your side.>> JOHN LIU: The wetlands are now recovering. Great volumes of water once again cascade down to power the hydro stations. Carbon-free electricity is replacing the diesel generators and electricity prices have stabilized. Restoring and preserving natural ecosystems like the Rugezi wetlands benefits everyone. And so much more could be achieved. >> H.E. PAUL KAGAME: If we had more involvement by different institutions coming in to help with available resources, Rwanda could do more, much more, and benefit much more, but so would other countries, if such partnerships and support were provided.>> JOHN LIU: What the Rwandans recognized is that the marshlands are far more valuable as a natural system, providing water for energy, than as farmland. This principle is the same for the remaining hillsides and ravines. >> JOHN LIU: What we're seeing here is very interesting, because it's a line between human activity and natural systems. In the human activity, we've been able to value the productivity from agriculture and give it a monetary value. But in the natural systems, we haven't been able to value the trees, the biodiversity, and the water that's absorbed into the biomass and into the soils. And there's another vital service that trees and plants provide: photosynthesis. Vegetation reduces the greenhouse effect by taking carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere. >> PROFESSOR LEGESSE NAGASH: Climate change is better withstood with trees. Humans, no matter how intelligent we are, no matter how capable we are with all our technologies, we are helpless in the face of climate change. We have not yet properly understood the miracles performed by trees. >> JOHN LIU: A measure of what restoring nature can do has been shown here on China's Loess Plateau, where farmers have continued to prosper despite the worst drought in decades. Since the beginning of the project, the soil that nurtures their crops has been accumulating organic material from plants and animals. This holds the moisture and contains carbon. >> JOHN LIU: What's interesting about this is all these root materials, all this other stuff, this is organic material and this organic material is mixing together with the Loess, the geologic soils here, and it's making a living soil. This is where the moisture resides. Yesterday it rained and there's still moisture in this soil. This is where the nutrients are recycled so that each generation of life emerges here, and this is where the carbon is. What's interesting about this is that they made this field, this is new, and so they're helping to sequester carbon. >> JOHN LIU: Living soils like this retain, on average, three times more carbon than the foliage above the ground. If we were to restore the vast areas of the planet where we humans have degraded the soils, just think what an impact we would have in taking carbon out of the atmosphere. As much as a quarter of the world's land mass has been degraded and much could be rehabilitated in the way we have seen on the Loess Plateau. And we've only just begun to recognize the real value of natural capital. Surely, investing in the recovery of damaged environments is a cost-effective way of solving many of the problems we face today. >> ACHIM STEINER [Executive Director, United Nations Environment Program]: Why do we not invest an equal amount, if not more, into a shovel-ready technology, so to speak, which is nature's way of sequestering and storing carbon. It is actually by investing in our ecological infrastructure and ecosystems and expanding the ability of nature to sequester and store carbon that we have the greatest opportunity to do something. And the wonderful thing is, it's not only carbon sequestration, we're also faced with loss of ecosystems that will affect our food security, our water security, we're losing species on an unprecedented rate. So maintaining, restoring, protecting, expanding natural ecosystems has multiple benefits. Immediate in terms of climate change, but also fundamental to the future of many of the services that we simply take for granted from nature. >> JOHN LIU: My hope is that the developed countries, those most responsible for climate change, will recognize the enormous potential of restoration.>> JOHN LIU: What we've seen in China, in Africa, and around the world, is that it's possible to rehabilitate large scale damaged ecosystems. If we can transfer the capital, the technology, and empower the local people to restore their own environment, it'll have enormous benefits. Restoration can sequester carbon, reduce biodiversity loss, mitigate against flooding, drought and famine. It can ensure food security for people who are now chronically hungry. Why don't we do this on a global scale? http://www.viewchange.org/videos/life-on-the-edge-silk-ceiling-part-2 Indian TV journalist Ritu Bhardwaj is visiting Bihar to continue her report on the 'Silk Ceiling,' the invisible barrier that holds back so many Asian women. She is documenting a local government initiative called Panchayati Raj that seeks to address gender inequality through economic and political empowerment. Mon, 16 May 2011 10:25:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/life-on-the-edge-silk-ceiling-part-2 India, Panchayati raj, Bihar, Gender, Education, Gender role, Government of India, Life on the Edge, tve, LinkTV Picks >> VOICEOVER: Anand's a man. And so is Shrish. Once a year they make a discovery: what it's like to be a woman. Here in Bihar state, like the rest of India, it's Navratri. Nine days of celebration and fun. But one person's here to work -- national TV journalist Ritu Bhardwaj. She's got something more serious on her mind.>> RITU BHARDWAJ [TV journalist]: Women sometime face a lot of problems, when you are perform as a woman, do you face any?>> ANAND KUMAR [Performer]: A lot!>> RITU BHARDWAJ: What kind?>> ANAND KUMAR: When we perform as women and go on the stage, men start to talk strangely and harass us. Because we are dressed as women, they start talking to us in a vulgar way. They think just because we are in a woman's form they can treat us like women, even knowing we are men. Performing as a woman while being a man is tough, especially with the way the men behave with us. I can only imagine how bad the plight of women must be. >> TITLE: Silk Ceiling>> VOICEOVER: Ritu is making a film about gender inequality, the Silk Ceiling that hangs above so many women in India and its Asian neighbors. >> RITU BHARDWAJ: Although women are sharing the workplace with their male counterparts and are enjoying financial freedom in cities like Delhi, Bombay, and Bangalore, their basic human rights are under siege in the country. Are girls a commodity? What's the basic thinking of the males in the society?>> TITLE: Women who don't own land or a house may be seven times more likely to endure violent marriages (source: Agarwal and Panda -- Kerala)>> RITU BHARDWAJ: So I just want to ask what's our society and our government doing in this direction.>> VOICEOVER: Ritu's come to Raghai, a village where men and women seem locked in old ways. Few women in South Asia own any assets. A new UN report claims it's one of the main reasons they're disempowered. But in Bihar, some villages have transferred land and property to women in return for government help and cash. It's part of a unique Indian experiment in local government called Panchayati Raj.>> SHRI BK SINHA [President, CENCORED]: In Bihar, the men migrate to work in different states, and because of this the women are the ones that actually do the farming. So we started a project where if the land and property holdings were transferred to a woman's name, then we would give the family access to various government schemes. A lot of men agreed to do this, even if some did not. The important thing is that the women felt confident they had ownership of the land they were tilling. It has been a great experiment.>> VOICEOVER: To see how great an experiment, meet Kiran Devi, named by her dad after India's top woman cop. At first glance she is an ordinary housewife, serving tea for friends. But the Panchayati Raj experiment isn't just about land rights, it's about a whole system of devolving government down to villages and at least a third of the posts are reserved for women. Now Kiran's life has been transformed. She's been elected sarpanch, or village head. What's more, supposedly backward Bihar has also established Gram Kacheri or "village courts," and Kiran runs this one. The case Ritu's filming, a woman's three sons are insisting she leaves land to them, not to her daughter. The decision is Kiran's.>> KIRAN DEVI [Village head]: We can only find out the reality on the ground once we investigate in your village.>> MAN 1: Of the land that our family owned, we were only given a third. And her father has given her some land as well.>> KIRAN DEVI: Listen, if her father has given her the land, it is her property. In more the half the cases women are able to file their own cases. The women are ahead on this. >> RITU BHARDWAJ: Do the men Panchayati members support you? >> KIRAN DEVI: Yes, the men do help us.>> VOICEOVER: Over 200 cases successfully resolved. Kiran's helping the whole village, but it's often women who need justice most. Enforcing their rights in big city courts can take up to ten years. And even here, women had to fight -- sometimes literally.>> KIRAN DEVI: After we women came to power, domestic violence increased a lot. The men didn't want the women to be on equal status with them, they didn't want them to stand in front of them, sit on a chair next to them, or talk to them. So this essentially sparked off a lot of domestic violence. But slowly, things started to improve. People started helping each other, especially seeing the women members across all Panchayats doing their work.>> VOICEOVER: Rights enforced by law and persuasion. Back in Delhi, Ritu is checking out some more Indian footage for her report. There are also stories of women valued. Ten-year-old Kavita is already learning her Dad's trade. It'll mean spare cash to help her train as a doctor. Sumalatha collects coconut milk -- girls are supposed to fall off. Suhag Khemlani doesn't need as ladder to climb her way up; she's already close to the top of her family tree. >> SUHAG KHEMLANI: When I got out of college, when I graduated, dad had convinced me that I would give techno-cleaning a six month trial -- and that was it, I just never left. I think I can do a much better job than a lot of the men I know in this industry.>> VOICEOVER: The role model Ritu's off to film today is Shanoo. Shanoo's a widow who supports three kids and her in-laws. She's broken into the male preserve of radio taxis.>> RITU BHARDWAJ: So how do you feel now?>> SHANOO BEGUM [Taxi driver]: It feels great. When a man is driving in front of me, he will point and say, "Wow! See, a woman is driving that car!" It feels great. I'm able to do great things without being a man. I've already decided, when my daughter turns 18, I will make her a driver as well.>> VOICEOVER: Just 19 women, Ritu learns, are learning to break through this silk ceiling. But it's early days. And it's not just driving they learn, but self-defense and language skills -- empowerment through employment.>> MEENU VADERA [Executive Director, Azad Foundation]: I actually believe that the girls who come to us have been through such adversity, they have struggled through so many difficult circumstances completely on their own. >> VOICEOVER: Back in the office, Ritu's widening her report out -- time for the big picture. In India, the Panchayati Raj system has empowered hundreds of thousands of women. But Ritu reckons more needs to be done. She's off to see a woman who has broken through the silk ceiling and is helping to plan India's future.>> DR. SAYEDA HAMEED [Planning Commission, Government of India]: See, the most important thing is the representation of women. Traditionally, we have had the Panchayati Raj, which has made over a million women become immediately enter the Panchayats. So politically, that has actually happened. But the next step is to get women into the state assemblies and the parliament, so you have women in the most important decision-making.>> RITU BHARDWAJ: Women in India have lesser property rights, so what is the government doing to ensure and increase the property rights of women in India?>> DR. SAYEDA HAMEED: The state is very conscious of the fact that real power will not devolve to women unless the woman becomes an owner of a property. And this is in every government scheme, if the woman has the patta, or the title is in the name of the woman, there are certain concessions.>> VOICEOVER: And for a final word for her report, who better than Ritu herself? A small-town girl from a modest background who is breaking through the silk ceiling.>> RITU BHARDWAJ: When men and women are considered equal, then the economy runs efficiently, and every individual can work for the development of the country. It is therefore important that India should work to improve the condition of women. The difference between men and women needs to be removed. The work that is being done in this area needs to be sped up, and there is greater need for intervention at a policy level. This is Ritu Bhardwaj reporting on India's "Silk Ceiling." http://www.viewchange.org/videos/life-on-the-edge-silk-ceiling-part-1 Ritu Bhardwaj is a star to the neighborhood kids of New Delhi. Not only does she help with their homework, she's a glamorous TV reporter. Her next big report is a documentary about the "silk ceiling" that hangs over many Indian women, narrowing lives and frustrating talent. Mon, 16 May 2011 09:25:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/life-on-the-edge-silk-ceiling-part-1 India, Gender, HIV, Delhi, Ayu Utami, Life on the Edge, Gender equality, tve, Auto rickshaw, LinkTV Picks >> TITLE: New Delhi>> VOICEOVER: In the apartment she shares with friends, 25-year-old Ritu Bhardwaj is expecting visitors. It's three in the afternoon, the kids are leaving school, but these kids are not going to play. One day Ritu wants to work for UNICEF. She's already helping underprivileged kids. Three days a week, she helps them with their homework. Ritu herself comes from a modest background in Haryana state, but here, she's already a star. >> KIRAN: When I grow up I will be just like you.>> MONIKA: I want to be like you when I grow up.>> VOICEOVER: Why Ritu seems so glamorous? She's made it, and in a country that doesn't always favor ambitious girls, no matter how hard-working. This small town girl is now an up-and-coming journalist on national TV channel News X.>> RITU BHARDWAJ [TV journalist]: This is Ritu Bhardwaj reporting on India's "Silk Ceiling.">> TITLE: Silk Ceiling>> RITU BHARDWAJ: In the smaller cities, like where I am from, the girls are basically facing, like, feticide, infanticide and discrimination, illiteracy. There are many problems they are facing. But in the metro cities like Delhi and Bombay, the basic things they are suffering are the right to survival or right to security. >> VOICEOVER: We gave Ritu a sneak preview of a new UN report about women in Asia: "Power, Voice And Rights." It shows women have a worse deal than men in politics, the law, and jobs, even when economies are booming. We followed Ritu as she made a film about the report for News X. There's plenty more source material in the papers. >> VOICEOVER: She starts by heading for Delhi's red light district. Ritu's chasing the story of "Rekha," as the press are calling her, a woman campaigning on HIV and child abuse who's been revealing the secrets of life in the sex industry, the sex trade where exploitation is most visible and shocking. At 25, Rekha's the same age as Ritu and has her own kids. She was rescued from a brothel in the red light area on GB Road. She became destitute in an earthquake in Latur, 1500 kilometers away. She was effectively held captive for seven years, and now battles with AIDS. Unlike many women here, Rekha has decided to tell her story. >> RITU BHARDWAJ: Where are you from, and how did you get here?>> REKHA [Former sex worker]: Well, I met this woman who told me that I would have to do what they wanted or else they would kill me. I insisted that they should let me go back home to Latur, and then they started to beat up my kids. When they started doing that, I was forced into this work. I was HIV positive, and at the same time I was also suffering from TB.>> RITU BHARDWAJ: Do you think that women are still weak in India and have not got rights in comparison to the men?>> REKHA: It is really tough for uneducated women, and many times there is no support for them from their families, especially if there are three or four children to be fed at home. >> VOICEOVER: Sad stories so far. But Ritu wants to show both victims and role models. So she's here to tell the story of Sunita. There are 40,000 auto rickshaw drivers in Delhi. Former child bride Sunita, who'd fled a violent marriage, was the first female auto rickshaw driver. >> SUNITA [Auto-rickshaw driver]: My whole family is uneducated. I have been driving an auto rickshaw for five years and some of my family does not know this. Society asks many questions. They ask me, "Why do you wear this work dress? Why are you in a man's role?" And, "You should behave like a traditional Indian woman!" I don't care for what society says, I let them say what they want. I am not the old Sunita, who wouldn't dare to leave the four walls of her house. >> VOICEOVER: Reverence for women -- in their right place -- goes back a long way in India. It's the festival of Navratri. For nine days men and women celebrate the incarnations of a female goddess. Warrior, mother of the universe. TV reporter Ritu's back in the office. She wants to widen her film out. Ritu's been talking to fellow filmmakers in Southeast Asia's most populous country: largely Muslim Indonesia. They've been sending her their own stories, the most high profile, a message from Ayu Utami. She's the leading novelist who shocked many Indonesians with the frankness of her language, by mixing political and gender issues and by making this personal declaration.>> AYU UTAMI [Novelist]: I choose not to get married, and I declare outwardly that I will never get married unless the marriage law is revised according to gender equality. >> TITLE: Indonesia's taxation law assumes the husband is the primary income earner. Marriage law assumes women are housewives (source: IFC)>> RITU BHARDWAJ: She's a very confident and very brave girl. Her thinking is really nice. In the society she's been a role model.>> VOICEOVER: Ayu's political message: even when women do have a stake in the economy, lack of political clout means they're easily manipulated. And subject to all kinds of discrimination.>> AYU UTAMI: Without the political power, without even access to decision-making, the woman's strength in economic life becomes vulnerable to being manipulated by others.>> VOICEOVER: Polls show that when women are selected as candidates, people will vote for them. But less than one in five of Indonesia's elected lawmakers are women. Perhaps that's less surprising when you consider one in seven adult Indonesian women still can't read or write. Back in Delhi, TV reporter Ritu knows the problems. Now she wants answers. And she's found some in Gujarat where some women are defying traditional roles. In Jambur village, women used to live -- well, much like women have done for centuries right across Asia.>> RITU BHARDWAJ: What was it like earlier and what happened next?>> NATHI BEN [Villager]: Our life was very tough. We had just one set of clothes; we'd go to wash it by the river. We'd first wash our clothes and after those dried we would wash our under-garments. After this we would head home and arrange for the firewood and then make the chappatis. Our husbands would come home and complain about the food not being ready. >> VOICEOVER: Ritu's here to meet the woman they like to call 'Hirbai Ben Lobhi' -- "Diamond of the Forest." The Forest Diamond and her friends formed a cooperative. Their savings fund businesses -- their businesses. Opposition, yes, but diamonds don't fade away. >> RITU BHARDWAJ: Did the people in the village try and help you or try and stop you?>> HIRBAI BEN LOBHI: Yes, they did try to stop me, but I didn't stop. I asked myself, "What do women need the most?" If women need money, and they don't have any property, the land belongs to the men and the houses also belong to the men. I figured then I need to ensure that the women also own some property. That way they at least have some confidence in themselves.>> VOICEOVER: Now, unusual in South Asia, 900 village women hold assets in their own names.>> HIRBAI BEN LOBHI: Today, through our women's cooperative bank, the women have access to money and the men come and ask their wives if they can borrow some money -- say 1000-1500 rupees. >> VOICEOVER: Jambur, Ritu finds, is a thriving village thanks partly to Heer and the cooperative. Money from the co-op even helps the village school. If more women went to school and got paid jobs, it's been estimated the Asia-Pacific region could be 90 billion US dollars a year better off. >> ZILU BEN: Thank God I am a woman! If I were a man I would have done nothing. It's because I am a woman that I can accomplish so much. I am happy to be a woman; I don't want to be a man! http://www.viewchange.org/videos/life-on-the-edge-the-prince Rafeh Malik, the young prince of a powerful Pakistani family, was given the poverty-stricken village of Ratrian on his eighteenth birthday. He is attempting to implement the UN's Millennium Development Goals in the village, yet soon finds out that resources and determination might not be enough to challenge the status quo. Mon, 16 May 2011 08:25:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/life-on-the-edge-the-prince Pakistan, Millennium Development Goals, Governance & Transparency, Water & Sanitation, Health, Islamabad, Education, South Asia, Poverty, Life on the Edge >> VOICEOVER: This is the beginning of a fairy tale. It might not end like one. The prince has come to sell his people a dream.>> RAFEH MALIK: A group of the world's nations have come together and agreed on eight basic targets for development that all countries should achieve. We can achieve these targets.>> VOICEOVER: The question is, are they interested?>> TITLE: The Prince>> VOICEOVER: Our prince is Rafeh Malik. His kingdom is Ratrian, a poverty-ridden village in the North of Pakistan. He inherited the village from his vast family estate on his 18th birthday. Rafeh is the only scion of a powerful family, both in terms of the land they own and the political influence they wield. Any attempt by him to change the status quo here will lead to a dilemma: how to modernize without alienating his father, his friends, maybe even the villagers.He spends most of his days and nights about two hundred kilometers south in Islamabad, Pakistan's capital. He's an outward-looking man. His friends include TV journalist Shehryar Mufti. In their many evenings together, an idea came up. Why not try and implement the Millennium Development Goals in Rafeh's own village? The MDGs are eight ambitious development targets signed by world leaders in 2000. The deadline: 2015. The prince has some catching up to do. We asked Shehryar to film Rafeh's progress. >> SHEHRYAR MUFTI [Television journalist]: So you do think that your family's political legacy might actually depend on the success of this project?>> RAFEH MALIK: Oh yeah. Political legacy entirely will depend on its success. >> SHEHRYAR MUFTI: So aren't you afraid that this might not work? Aren't you scared?>> RAFEH MALIK: I am scared, but I'm willing to take the risk.>> SHEHRYAR MUFTI: First you've got to get past your dad. How do you think that's going to happen?>> RAFEH MALIK: Well, I'll sell him the idea; tell him how it is. It'll be quite difficult. >> VOICEOVER: A visit to Rafeh's family home lends some insight into his dilemma. Life for Rafeh's family here has never really begged for drastic change. For generations, this house has been the headquarters from which Rafeh's family has practiced politics. Today his father, Malik Atta Mohammad, is hosting a meeting of other influential men from nearby villages. This is also a training session of sorts for Rafeh, although his lack of facial hair renders him almost out of uniform. The guests are uneasy at the presence of what they see as a film crew representing the "Western media." They're also uneasy that development agendas like the MDGs may reflect a misplaced sense of superiority in the West. >> MALIK ATTA MOHAMMAD: What the West is projecting; I do not know what they have in their mind when they are trying to propagate this policy. Because I met a lot of NGOs; so they say we have told them how to wash hands and how to -- in Islam, you see, we are supposed to wash hands five times a day. We call it ablution, 'wuzu.' So we do it five times. So who the hell are they to tell us how we should keep ourselves clean? We know how to keep ourselves clean! >> VOICEOVER: Malik Atta doesn't openly oppose his son's plan. But he does question how he can make it happen.>> SHEHRYAR MUFTI: In a way, for you to take this initiative now would almost be an admission of guilt, in the sense that: why hadn't you done it earlier? Do you think that'll be a problem?>> RAFEH MALIK: It's not a problem that we could have done it earlier. But over the years, certain things came one way or the other; we weren't able to fully implement them, due to political repercussions. >> VOICEOVER: These are the people of Ratrian. Their standard of life, even in comparison to that of other village-dwelling Pakistanis, is pretty low. Rafeh's uncle's political connections paved the way for an erratic electricity supply here a year ago. Life otherwise hasn't changed much for these people for generations. The only local source of water is an occasional hand pump. This young man is idly walking the dung-ridden streets of Ratrian at the peak of the school day. There is a school in Ratrian, but he's not playing truant -- the teacher is. >> SIGN: Welcome>> VOICEOVER: It's padlocked and desolate. The only signs of life here are pages of notebooks and textbooks strewn about. Even the hand pump here is dry. With an estimated ninety percent of livelihoods here depending on sharecropping, poverty is rampant. The tenants earn enough in food not be malnourished. But having money in their pockets is, for most, a distant fantasy. They don't blame their local royal family for their poverty, at least on camera, but they do believe the family has the power to change things.>> SHEHRYAR MUFTI: So what if they decided to get these problems solved? Could they?>> MAN 1 [Villager]: Of course, absolutely.>> VOICEOVER: And so Rafeh calls the men, as well as the women, of Ratrian to talk about life and how it can be made better. Rafeh wants to know what they think it might take to achieve these goals. Despite finding themselves in a completely unrecognizable situation, the villagers begin to open up. Water is a popular topic of conversation, as is the state of literacy in the village.>> MAN 2 [Villager]: We need a hospital and a school for girls. If something could be done about the drinking water, we'd be grateful. >> VOICEOVER: Women speak openly of their worries for their children.>> WOMAN 1 [Villager]: One day it's diarrhea, the next day it's fever, the next day vomiting. >> RAFEH MALIK: Their query about electricity and all, I made it clear to them that I couldn't help them with that, that's the government's thing. But I will aid them with that as well, but our major primary concern is about the UN Millennium Development Goals, and implementing them over here. So, I think when I told them this would be a humble beginning, I was being honest with them. I think that was the turning point. >> VOICEOVER: Back in the big city, Rafeh begins the critical journey from good idea to solid plan. He makes contact with the Omar Asghar Khan Development Foundation.>> ALI ASGHAR [Omar Asghar Khan Development Foundation]: I mean, how do you sit with them? Do you sit on a charpai? You know? Have you got a special position over there? Have you got extra takiyas behind you? Or are you sitting on the ground with them and sort of, you know, talking to them?>> VOICEOVER: The village would have to be studied closely by people with no vested interest in it. They volunteer the services of their own organization, an offer that Rafeh accepts. Ratrian will be profiled. This village profile is a missing piece in the puzzle for Rafeh. He has met with people from the government as well as the World Bank. Both have identified a village profile as a critical document central to the whole plan. Maybe even a prerequisite to having one. The Bank has also recommended that he visit a water supply project in nearby Balkassar. At the meeting, several new possibilities are discussed. Rafeh is told of a widely implemented development program. Villages can be rewarded with safe drinking water hand pumps. To qualify, they must end the practice of defecating in the outdoors. It sounds achievable enough, but Ratrian will need help. Several other opportunities are identified and contacts are exchanged. By the end of the meeting, the mood is upbeat.>> SHEHRYAR MUFTI: Do you feel you've bitten off more that you can chew?>> RAFEH MALIK: I don't think I've bitten off more than I can chew. It's just that I need patience. I need perseverance. >> MUMTAZ [NGO team leader]: We're here to help you identify your needs. The point of today is to make a plan, the plan for Ratrian. >> VOICEOVER: As activities commence, the villagers seem to be somewhat bewildered. A handful catches on quickly. They proceed to help Mumtaz's team to construct what is the first ever map of Ratrian. >> MAN 1 [Villager]: If you're ready to do things, we're ready for them to be done. People come, conduct their surveys, and then just disappear!>> VOICEOVER: The village profile is now firmly on track. >> SHEHRYAR MUFTI: You're not used to this, are you? Knocking on doors and stuff like that.>> RAFEH MALIK: No, things were different; we never really went about it this way. >> SHEHRYAR MUFTI: How's your father taking this whole thing?>> RAFEH MALIK: Well, so far he's just standing by me.>> VOICEOVER: Malik Atta Mohammad speaks for himself.>> MALIK ATTA MOHAMMAD: I don't think I can help him much. Of course, the connections that I have, he can benefit from them. And where politically we're opposed, he will face the same music. You see, somebody could say this is a crazy lot, talking about millennium goals when people are suffering. Unless you see something happen before you, something concrete, only then you will believe it. At present it is all in the air. >> VOICEOVER: You'd think meeting the MDGs is a matter of resources and will. But it's not that simple. The prince is caught between two worlds. Should he risk disrupting a society that, for better or for worse, has at least functioned for centuries? It's a tough choice. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/life-on-the-edge-hassan-and-the-graduates Hassan has a degree in business, but he doesn't commute to an office every day. His place of work is a farm 200 kilometers from Cairo. And it isn't even land in the fertile Nile Delta. Strangely, it seems, Hassan has chosen to farm in the desert. Fri, 13 May 2011 09:44:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/life-on-the-edge-hassan-and-the-graduates Egypt, Agriculture & Food, International Fund for Agricultural Development, Middle East, Cairo, Nile Delta, Agriculture, Life on the Edge, tve, LinkTV Picks >> VOICEOVER: Hassan is giving orders again. He?s telling the hired hand how to lay the irrigation pipes. Hag Saad has worked in agriculture all his life, like his family before him. But Hassan? Well, he is a little new to all this. >> HASSAN ABDUL RAHMAN: I can?t say I?m a farmer. Originally I was not a farmer. Farmers have experience I just don?t have. >> VOICEOVER: Hassan?s no weekend farmer, no city boy turned landowner. He?s one of a new breed. His story is the solution to one of globalization?s greatest dilemmas. Or is it? >> TITLE: Hassan and the Graduates>> VOICEOVER: Back home, you might think Hassan was a simple man. He lives with his new wife and children in a modest two-room home. Yet he lives a life that his old friends might envy. When he goes back to his place in the city, well, he likes to show off a little. >> HASSAN ABDUL RAHMAN: My neighbors back there in the city envy me and can only dream of what I have now. I took some apricots from here and gave them to my neighbors. They asked me where I got them. I told them from my land in the desert. They wanted to get land too but now they can?t because it is very expensive. So they can only dream of having land. >> VOICEOVER: Hassan is a university graduate. His degree is in business. But he doesn?t commute to an office every day. His place of work is a farm 200 kilometers from Cairo. And it isn?t even land in the fertile Nile Delta. Strangely, it seems, Hassan has chosen to farm in the desert. And he doesn?t always get it quite right. >> HASSAN ABDUL RAHMAN: I know I?m late planting but there is nothing I can do. Actually there are some benefits in delaying. When you plough the field, it is exposed to sunshine, which sterilizes the soil and kills fungus and bad microbes. >> VOICEOVER: The next morning, a bus ride. Today Hassan is being trained in the most basic art of all round here: irrigation. The instructor talks about conserving water, of vital importance in a country that?s almost all desert. >> HASSAN ABDUL RAHMAN: I have been flooding the whole field, but today I learned how to give water to just the green areas. So while usually I give several liters per acre, here they told us to water according to the size of the green area and the size of the plants.>> VOICEOVER: Hassan lives in Al Yashaa, in what looks like a normal village. But take a closer look. These are not the farmers they appear to be. The truth is, it?s not just Hassan. Almost all the men and many of the women in the village are graduates. And it?s not just here. Throughout the desert east and west of Cairo dozens of villages are made up of thousands of graduates who?ve come to farm. Many without any farming experience at all. >> HASSAN ABDUL RAHMAN: We had no idea what we were doing. Any little problem became a puzzle for us. >> VOICEOVER: Desert? Without electricity or water? No idea of how to farm? What are Hassan and the graduates doing here? Cairo is where Hassan came from. Few capital cities better represent the modern globalized metropolis. Its cafes are teeming with young people. They make up a massive percentage of Cairo?s population, as they now do throughout the Middle East, where two in three people are under the age of 25. In Egypt, many are the newly educated children of poor families, pouring out of universities and vocational schools. >> DINA EL MOFTY [INJAZ Education Organization]: Hundreds of thousands are graduating every year from the education system and from vocational schools, and over seven hundred thousand jobs have to be created every year to meet the intake of these graduates. >> VOICEOVER: Young people, like twenty-five-year-old Tareq, are the people in danger of being seen as liabilities by the government. >> TAREQ NABIL: What I earn now is barely enough to meet my minimal personal needs. I can?t begin to think about taking steps like marriage, or moving into my own apartment, not at all. >> VOICEOVER: Tareq?s plight could have been Hassan?s. He is, in fact, a land surveyor. But after years of trying to find work, he now takes whatever low paid job he can find. His fate, the one Hassan avoided. >> HASSAN ABDUL RAHMAN: I had a good salary, a comfortable job. But when China started to export things to Egypt our industry became less competitive and my income started to decrease once again. So I began to think maybe agriculture was a better option for me than business. >> VOICEOVER: It was 20 years ago in Cairo that Hassan?s life changed. He was just reading a newspaper. >> HASSAN ABDUL RAHMAN: A national newspaper announced that the government was trying to solve the unemployment problem for young graduates and there were several options. One was to take out a government loan and start a business; another was to get a car. But I didn?t like the loan or the car. I preferred the third option: to buy some cheap farmland that you repaid over thirty years. >> VOICEOVER: And so today Hassan in his fields is the product of a remarkable and largely unnoticed historic experiment. A whole colony of graduates like him, nearly 40,000 over two decades, have headed into the Egyptian desert. Here they became farmers and put behind them the notion of a government job. >> HASSAN ABDUL RAHMAN: When I took possession of the land, I drove my wife to the spot. My wife looked out of the window from the car and said, ?Where is the land? I can only see the sky connected to the desert.? I said, ?This is it.? Well, she refused to even get out of the car! >> MAN 1 [School headmaster]: Before the school was built, it was just desert. There wasn?t any life here. It was an empty place. After the graduates came, life blossomed. Today the students come to the school and make friendships, all the parents know each other too, and the village has become strong. >> VOICEOVER: Hassan has had some financial success selling his apricots and mangos. Now he wants to plant these grape vines. He?s waiting for a tractor to arrive to dig trenches. >> ABDELHAMID ABDOULI [International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)]: There have also been improvements to livestock. People now have milk for their children and they can sell the surplus. All of these things generated economic growth in the desert communities.>> VOICEOVER: Despite these successes, the government has decided not to renew its long-sighted experiment on helping graduates back to the land. That is unless they have agriculture degrees and are willing to join forces with larger investors. So this fairy tale is over, at least for most new entrants. >> MOHAMED GOMAA [Head of Land Reclamation, Ministry of Agriculture]: What we found was that out of all those graduates who were lucky enough to get the land, those who had agricultural backgrounds were more successful as farmers than the others. What we plan in the future is to make sure that all graduates who take part have a background in agriculture. >> VOICEOVER: Some may say that?s a pity. At last Hassan is starting to get the hang of things. Especially now the long promised tractor finally arrived. In a village where eight in ten are graduates, this social experiment has amounted to a successful community. >> HASSAN ABDUL RAHMAN: Living in this village with the graduates is special. We were almost all the same age when we received the land. The graduates who stayed faced the same problems and when they had difficulties, they supported each other. So now it?s like a big family here. >> VOICEOVER: All of this activity only makes Hassan?s decision to give up a career in business and toil in the desert sound that much smarter. Even so, Hassan still doesn?t call himself a farmer. >> HASSAN ABDUL RAHMAN: I cannot say I am a farmer. Farmers have experience on the land. I don?t have that. My experience mainly comes from the training I have had, so now I can help other people too. >> VOICEOVER: Maybe the government never intended it quite this way. But it seems Hassan and the graduates may have got lucky after all. They?ve made money on their investment and helped others too. As for the millions of other graduates who can?t find stable jobs in the global economy, they may yet have to wait for their own fairy tale. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/life-on-the-edge-trawler-girl Johanna Kwedhi is Namibia's first female trawler captain. Namibia signed up to the Millennium Development Goals, which include specific targets for women on education, reproductive health and equality. Johanna is an example of targets fulfilled, but what about her friends and relatives in the rural area where she was raised? Fri, 13 May 2011 08:44:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/life-on-the-edge-trawler-girl Namibia, Millennium Development Goals, Gender, Africa, Gender equality, Reproductive health, Maternal death, Namib Desert, Health, Life on the Edge >> VOICEOVER: We?re at the edge of the Namib Desert, on Africa?s southwest coast. A world of drought, danger, shipwreck -- but also, fish. Luderitz Harbor, an old port rebuilt for fishing boats. The industry is one of the pillars of Namibia?s economy. It?s a man?s world. Johanna Kwedhi is going aboard the Kanus, one of the fleet?s largest vessels. Except, Johanna is not coming on board as a guest. Johanna is Namibia?s first female trawler skipper. >> TITLE: Trawler Girl>> JOHANNA KWEDHI [Trawler captain]: At the bridge we are three: me as the Captain, a Chief Mate and a Second Mate. >> VOICEOVER: Men are not used to a woman at the wheel. Women don?t normally chart the course, literally or metaphorically. Or give orders, however pleasantly. And the crew knows their lives are in her hands.>> AARON ALWEENDO [Chief mate]: I have been working with Miss Johanna Kwedhi, who is my captain, for two years. She is the one who gives an order, what has to be done for the day, everything like that. So the orders come from him -- I mean, from her. >> VOICEOVER: For the older fishermen, it is a novelty to have an educated black Namibian as skipper.>> MAN 1: We had never seen a black person in charge of a ship. It has always been a Spanish person. Now that black people are here in command we are very proud. Since we do not know the foreign languages they can now communicate on our behalf. Today, I can just ask Johanna for anything. >> VOICEOVER: Back on land, Johanna is like any other woman -- at least, one with a paid job. But she?s not only shopping for herself, she is taking care of her small family.>> JOHANNA KWEDHI: I have a young boy of 14 months. He is lovely. This is my cousin, Aguste. So she is taking care of my boy when I am out at sea. The attention I get at sea is more than what I get on shore, because they pass by, they say, ?Hi Miss Johanna!? But here on shore when I say ?Hi? it?s just ?Hi.?>> VOICEOVER: Namibia signed up to the Millennium Development Goals, the MDGs, which aim to cut poverty by half by 2015. The goals include specific targets for women -- on education, reproductive health and equality. Johanna?s an example of targets fulfilled. But going back home, how about her friends and her relatives? En route to her aunt, Johanna?s reminded of her humble beginnings when she first came to Luderitz. Most people flock to this coastal town in search of job opportunities. Once here, they are forced to live in shantytowns with no running water or electricity and no proper toilets, at least until they can make a better life for themselves. >> JOHANNA KWEDHI: This is the room, the place where I stayed for six years when I came to Luderitz. For six years I stayed in this house where is no electricity, there is no bathroom and no toilet. We used to go out to the mountains. With peace of mind I was just happy with this. People said to me, ?Wow! An officer living in the shantytown!? But I say, ?No, I am here with peace of mind and I have health.? Life goes on like that.>> VOICEOVER: But Johanna's a child of the villages, not the shantytowns. And her journey home is fifteen hundred kilometers. More than 70 percent of Namibians are subsistence farmers and live close to the land, including Johanna's parents. Her grandmother, who still has a big influence on her, raised Johanna. >> JOHANNA KWEDHI: This is my grandmother, on my mother's side. She taught me many things, traditional things. >> VOICEOVER: Forty-three percent of Namibia's unemployed are considered 'homemakers.' And 70 percent of homemakers are women. Most women remain trapped in the rural poverty cycle. But women like Johanna are quietly breaking the mold, and helping her family back home. >> JOHANNA'S GRANDMOTHER: Now, like they say, a chick also needs to learn how to fend for its mother. Now she is taking care of me.>> JOHANNA KWEDHI: The big challenge in this country for young people is falling pregnant at an early age. So they say, 'No, just try abortion!' Without education your life is meaningless. >> VOICEOVER: Johanna was born at home, but her mother developed complications during birth and had to be brought to Onandjokwe, the local hospital. Many aren?t so lucky: maternal mortality?s proved one of the hardest Millennium Development Goal for Namibia to meet. A recent report suggests maternal deaths actually increased. That may be because of HIV, but many poor women still have problems accessing medical care during pregnancy and childbirth, and the newborn death rate is still one in 50.>> JOHANNA KWEDHI: Here in Namibia the death rate of small children is caused because young people, during their pregnancy, don?t go to the clinic. Some of them do not know the importance of going to the clinic during their pregnancy. Some have financial problems and they can?t go, because the hospital is very far. And some just ignore it. They ask, ?What for? I can even deliver at home. My mom and my grandmother delivered here at home, I can?t waste my money there.? They are not working and they did not plan for that. >> VOICEOVER: The neighbors came out to greet Johanna. So has one of her former teachers.>> HOSEA IPINGE [Johanna's former teacher]: I met Johanna just when she completed her Grade Seven at our school. We also happen to be neighbors too. She was a hard working student and that is why she has managed to achieve so much. >> VOICEOVER: Johanna used to walk 14 kilometers to Onyeka School. She learns there are now more girls enrolling than boys, and there are also more girls completing secondary education. >> HAFENI KAPENDA [Principal, Onyeka School]: How can I help you?>> JOHANNA KWEDHI: So there are more boys than girls at this school. >> VOICEOVER: School enrolment is critical, but the lesson from the captain is that you have to finish too. >> HAFENI KAPENDA: She is the first female captain. Do you know boats? >> VOICEOVER: Most girls here will most likely end up as teachers and nurses. Most boys will probably remain at the cattle post, taking care of the family's animals. For girls and boys, Johanna's a role model. >> BOY: When steering a boat, does your boat have rear view mirrors like in a car to help you look in front and at the back?>> JOHANNA KWEDHI: No. A boat has no rear view mirrors. The bridge has windows on each side to make your view easier, also windows at the back. It is big, just like this room.>> VOICEOVER: Johanna's stories are a reminder of the value of education. Coming home has shown Johanna the problems that still confront other women, even if her story proves they can be overcome. Johanna's time on land has ended. She just wants to catch fish, earn a living, and bring up her child. But in a man's world, she's also making a point not everyone wants to hear. >> JOHANNA KWEDHI: We have to do it. Just do it. Among men, you are there on top operating the wheel, they are down there. Some are saying, ?What, a young lady?? I feel -- yes! It?s a way of showing men that we women are capable of doing something at the end of the day. I enjoy it. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-team-episode-5-celebration Coach is pleased with Johari's performance as captain, so when she asks for permission to host a small party to celebrate victory, coach agrees on condition that the team doesn't get disorderly. Abbas and Priest break the rules by bringing alcohol and drugs, and soon enough, tensions rise. Just as the team is starting to gel, will this party undo everything that has been achieved? Fri, 13 May 2011 00:00:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-team-episode-5-celebration Kenya, Gender, Ethnic conflict, Education, The Team: Kenya, Change Makers, Ethnic group, Soccer, LinkTV Picks, search for common ground >> COACH: Johari. >> JOHARI: Yes, coach?>> COACH: So, are you up to it?>> JOHARI: I guess so. The team has been very supportive.>> COACH: So, I bet the lineup remains the same, unless you have something to tell me. >> JOHARI: No, nothing I can think of at the moment.>> COACH: By the way, I have noticed my daughter is so fond of you.>> JOHARI: She is an adorable little girl. I like her very much.>> COACH: True, true, she is a nice girl, though she can be stubborn at times.>> JOHARI: Yes, children are always like that at times. But if I may ask coach, where is her mother? Sorry coach, I have offended you. I guess I must be going.>> COACH: No, it's okay, its okay Johari. You know, the trust Lulu has in you made me choose someone I can trust as the captain.>> JOHARI: Thank you very much. >> COACH: Fate has a way of bringing people from the same blood together. I believe it's only natural. We should be proud that out of the two of us, one is the coach and the other one is the captain. >> JOHARI: And what do you mean by one of us?>> COACH: You see, we were about to celebrate seven years of our marriage. I had taken the team away for a friendly match when it all started. Had we been together, she wouldn't have died.>> JOHARI: I am very sorry coach.>> COACH: That is why I?m insisting that we have to stick together! Blood is thicker than water.>> JOHARI: I see. But I'm not from there; I'm from the other side of the country.>> COACH: Oh, I see. How come I hadn't noticed this?>> BETH: What? >> COACH: Oh, nothing. Nothing.>> JOHARI: What?>> ABBAS: Come on Johari. Relax. I was just thinking, isn?t it time we go onto the field? >> JOHARI: If I wanted to know what you were thinking I would have asked you. I?m sorry. I'm just a little bit nervous.>> ABBAS: I know, I?ve been there before. >> JOHARI: But where's coach?>> ABBAS: Don't worry about coach. You're now the captain, and our leader. You can make the decisions.>> JOHARI: So what should I do?>> ABBAS: You should give the guys a pep talk. Psych them up so that we can go and unleash on our opponents.>> JOHARI: Abbas, what should I say?>> ABBAS: No, I have faith in you. You know what to say.>> LULU: Dad, are you okay? Dad, are you okay?>> COACH: What? I'm sorry I didn't hear you.>> LULU: You've been quiet since morning.>> COACH: I?m nervous; I think it's because of the match.>> LULU: I am not nervous. Good luck daddy.>> COACH: Thank you.>> MR. BUKENYA: There you are. I just wanted to let you know that we'll be watching the match. >> COACH: Good, I'm sure the team will be thrilled.>> MR. JUMA: Aren't you supposed to be in the changing room with the rest of the team?>> COACH: Well that?s how I work; I hope you don't have a problem with that?>> MR. BUKENYA: Coach, you realize that we have to win this match?>> JOHARI: Hey guys, listen people. We have a game to play. Whether one plays as a striker, midfield, or on the bench it doesn?t matter. We are all what?>> TEAM: One team.>> JOHARI: We've played one game so far and we have lost. Let's not make it a constant. Let's go out there and play as a team, work as a team. If anything happens on the field, let's fix it and move on. What do you think? Even as we go on the field, people should know that we, Imani, are the greatest. >> TITLE: Halftime: Imani FC 0; Simba FC: 0. >> COACH: Well done guys. No, I mean it. That was good, all right? But that was just the first half, and I can see most of you are dead on your feet.>> PRIEST: No coach, I'm not.>> COACH: Probably. But are you playing alone? So what does that mean?>> JOHARI: We have to score.>> COACH: Exactly. You must score! Now, these guys are unable to crack your defense, but I'm sure they have noticed you guys are exhausted. So what will they try to do?>> KEZIA: Take advantage and beat us? >> COACH: Yes, and we can't let that happen. I want you to dig deep into your reserves and play this game as if it's your last game. In this and every match you have to score. Ready?>> TEAM: Yes coach!>> COACH: Are you ready?>> TEAM: Yes coach!>> COACH: Are you ready?>> TEAM: Yes coach!>> COACH: So lets go there and --?>> TEAM: Win!>> COACH: Johari! Look here, if you are unable to make this team click, maybe I should -- Show me that you deserve the post.>> JOHARI: Yes coach. >> TITLE: Fulltime: Imani FC: 1; Simba FC 0. >> JOHARI: Come in. >> ABBAS: Do I come right in?>> JOHARI: Come in.>> ABBAS: I hear you wanted to see me?>> JOHARI: Yes I did, please have a seat. >> ABBAS: What's up?>> JOHARI First, I really wanted to thank you for the support that you gave me.>> ABBAS: No problem. I have nothing against you being captain and I'll help you in any way I can.>> JOHARI: Cool. Now here's what I was thinking: I want us to have a party.>> ABBAS: Who is "us"?>> JOHARI: The team of course.>> ABBAS: When would you like us to have this party?>> JOHARI: Tonight. I think its going to be good for team spirit and team bonding.>> ABBAS: Wow. Well, I have nothing against a good party, but I don't want to cross coach, especially since we started off so badly. >> JOHARI: Come on man. Relax. I'll go and talk to coach. If he agrees, you'll help me convince the rest of the team. I really wanted to thank you. I better go see the coach.>> PRIEST: This one has to give me a high; there is no secret here. >> ABBAS: Priest, why have you locked the door?>> PRIEST: What?s up man, even I need privacy, sometimes, no?>> ABBAS: What for?>> PRIEST: If I tell you, then there is no reason why it did it, what do you think? >> ABBAS: There is a possibility we might have a party.>> PRIEST: Are you kidding?>> ABBAS: For real. Johari has gone to speak to the coach. >> COACH: Ah, Johari! >> JOHARI: Yes coach?>> COACH: I was coming to congratulate you for the way you handled the team.>> JOHARI: Thank you.>> COACH: And also to apologize to the team for not being there in the changing room when the match began.>> JOHARI: That's okay.>> COACH: I?m also glad the talk we had yesterday didn't affect you and the team.>> JOHARI: Come on coach, how could it? We just came to understand each other better. Now I know where you?re coming from. >> COACH: Thank you. Apologize to the team on my behalf.>> JOHARI: I'll do that. Coach, can the team have a party tonight?>> COACH: Why?>> JOHARI: To celebrate.>> COACH: Wait a minute; this is not a party club but a football team. >> JOHARI: Just this once coach. Please?>> COACH: And whom do you intend to invite to this party? >> JOHARI: Some members of the team who have gone through the camp came to watch the match and they are here with us, so we would like to invite them.>> COACH: All right, you can go ahead. On one condition: no messing around.>> JOHARI: Thank you so much!>> ABBAS: Can you organize some stuff for the party?>> PRIEST: Abbas, what do you want?>> ABBAS: Something soft, I don?t want anything hard.>> PRIEST: Soft, not like ours, the hard ones.>> ABBAS: No, not like the hard ones. Come in.>> JOHARI: Hey guys, guess what?>> PRIEST: Guess it.>> JOHARI: The coach has agreed that we can have a party. How much does everyone contribute?>> ABBAS: What about 1K each?>> PRIEST: Stop being silly, not everyone is given that kind of money. A thousand shillings, what are you guys talking about?>> JOHARI: Let's make it five hundred.>> ABBAS: Five hundred? What kind of party do you organize with five hundred? >> PRIEST: Money is money.>> JOHARI: Just a simple party, Abbas. Snacks, nothing much.>> ABBAS: Okay. >> JOHARI: Fine. You go tell the guys and I'll go tell the girls.>> PRIEST: Okay, cool.>> ABBAS: So you will organize those things?>> OLI: Come on, you can't just throw your sweaty and smelly kit in the room like that.>> BEN: Hey, it's on my side of the room. So just mind your own business.>> OLI: Come in.>> ABBAS: Hey guys, what's that? Anyway, I need your help to fund raise. We're having a party tonight.>> BEN: Great! How much?>> ABBAS: Five hundred shillings only.>> OLI: For me I guess I?ll have to stay behind and study and maybe I?ll join you guys late.>> ABBAS: No problem, you can come at anytime you want.>> OLI: Actually that is the problem. Do I still contribute the same amount as everybody else? The refreshments?>> ABBAS: What about them?>> OLI: How will they assure that everybody consumes the same amount they contributed, and not more or less?>> BEN: Listen, if you don't want to contribute, you can stay here and study. It's not like anybody is going to miss you.>> OLI: Whatever. Will I get a receipt? >> ABBAS: Come on Oli. Grow up. See you later.>> OLI: Hey man. We are living in the era of accountability and transparency>> BEN: Shut up!>> PRIEST: I?m very fine. It is Priest here man! So what?s up? I would like to know if you could organize those things. We have a party going on. Yes, man. I want KK, weed, whisky, but not the hard stuff. Thank you man, no problem man, nice man, okay brother. Party time!>> JOHARI: Come in! I?m fine, what?s up?>> ABBAS: The guys have raised the funds. The party is on.>> JOHARI: That?s good news. One more thing: Tina is not coming. She cannot afford to pay. Hello? Did you hear me?>> ABBAS: Don?t worry about Tina. I'll pay for her.>> JOHARI: Why? She's your date?>> ABBAS: No, it isn't like that. She has to be at the party as one of the team members.>> JOHARI: I guess you're right.>> ABBAS: So you will tell her?>> JOHARI: Yes I will. >> ABBAS: Let me go and get ready. Wear the maroon miniskirt. You look hot in it.>> MR. BUKENYA: The game was excellent today.>> COACH: True, I loved it.>> MR. BUKENYA: That girl, what?s her name? >> COACH: Kezia?>> MR. BUKENYA: Yes, Kezia. She was brilliant today. For a woman, I would have thought she was one of the boys. Anyway, to a deserved win!>> COACH: Cheers. >> MR. BUKENYA: It?s a pity that the press did not come as I expected.>> COACH: Mr. Bukenya, that was just a friendly match.>> MR. BUKENYA: My friend, every page and every space on that television counts.>> COACH: True. That would be exposing ourselves too much to the advantage of our opponents.>> BETH: That is true, Mr. Bukenya. Let us wait for the right time. The team is still too young for all that glare of publicity.>> COACH: I know what this team means to you.>> MR. BUKENYA: Excuse me. >> COACH: Now, were you honest when you sided with me or where you doing that because he was here?>> BETH: Honestly. I think you?re right. But to an extent I agree with him.>> COACH: So you think the team needs such publicity at such a tender age?>> BETH: It's harmless you know.>> COACH: So you are not sincere. >> WATCHMAN: Are you back?>> PRIEST: Yes, we are back to the system.>> WATCHMAN: Just wait a minute, what is this you are carrying? These ones, where are you taking these things?>> PRIEST: These things belong to the coach, man.>> WATCHMAN: They belong to who?>> PRIEST: These things belong to the coach, man.>> WATCHMAN: How will I know they belong to the coach?>> PRIEST: Here is the letter, man.>> WATCHMAN: You have a letter?>> PRIEST: These things belong to the coach, watchman. All these years we still don?t understand each other. These belong to the coach.>> WATCHMAN: It?s for the coach, yes? Priest, you said these belong to the coach. If it is so, then you can take them to him.>> KEZIA: Excellent, now is the time for a makeover. >> JOHARI: Tina, someone has paid for you, so you can attend the party. >> TINA: Who has paid for me?>> JOHARI: Don?t worry.>> TINA: You wont leave me?>> JOHARI: Who are you scared of? You know everybody.>> TINA: It's not like that. I want you to promise you won't leave me.>> JOHARI: Okay then, if you come, I will be with you.>> KEZIA: Excellent. Now Tina, it is time for us to dress ourselves up. Let me show you how. >> TINA: But I look fine.>> JOHARI: Kezia is right. Come, we can dress you up. >> KEZIA: You know this is the only chance we have, let me show you. Oh God, you will see. I want to give you a makeover and then I will lend you a really hot dress. Sit here, sit properly and stop licking the makeup off. >> TINA: But you know I am not used to these things. But it will be nice.>> KEZIA: Sit tight.>> TINA: Will I look as nice as you?>> KEZIA: God, is that a question or an answer? Can't you see how good I look?>> TINA: Yes, you look good.>> COACH: By the way, for how long have you two known each other?>> BETH: Is that really important?>> COACH: I just want to know the person I am working with.>> BETH: My name is Beth, and that is good enough.>> COACH: Thanks for the lovely dinner sir, but I have to leave. Goodnight.>> MR. BUKENYA: I thought you were also staying a bit longer?>> BETH: Next time dear, I need to sort out some issues. Sleep tight.>> BEN: Wow! You're looking hot!>> TINA: Thanks.>> BEN: So, can I have this dance?>> TINA: No, leave me alone.>> BEN: Just once. >> TINA: No, leave me alone.>> BEN: Just once. >> JOHARI: Ben! Can't you take no for an answer? >> BEN: What's wrong with you? What is she to you?>> TINA: Thank you Johari.>> JOHARI: Don?t worry. I want you to have fun, okay? What drink will you have?>> TINA: Whatever you have.>> JOHARI: Okay, then come. Abbas, you guys are drinking alcohol? >> ABBAS: Come on, Johari. Relax. Why are you being so uptight?>> JOHARI: Just taste this.>> ABBAS: These are just juice and snacks. What?s the big deal? >> JOHARI: I don?t want problems with the coach.>> ABBAS: Don?t worry about coach. You just relax. Look, look how guys are having a good time. I think we need some proper food now. Can you please take me to get some? Please? You have to trust me. Don?t worry. You are the boss now.>> PRIEST: Wow Kezia, you're looking hot.>> KEZIA: You're also looking hot.>> PRIEST: Now Kezia, let me ask, what time did you come here and the way the party is great. >> KEZIA: And let me ask you, why does your mother come to see you all the time? >> PRIEST: Mother? Stop asking so many questions and enjoy yourself. Now what, you came out here alone. Hey, why don?t you try weed today, just for today, come on.>> KEZIA: Priest, that won't knock me out?>> PRIEST: Nothing like that, this thing? Just try.>> KEZIA: Just this once.>> PRIEST: If you say it's only this once you are going to get used to it, you will be looking for me. >> KEZIA: Oh go away.>> PRIEST: It's not a lie.>> JOHARI: There?s Tina, there?s Kezia, Ben. Abbas, you know the rules.>> ABBAS: Come on, nobody saw us come in. And we have the room to ourselves. >> JOHARI: Abbas, I don?t want to get into trouble. I want to concentrate on my football. >> ABBAS: So do I.>> COACH: Well, I?m sorry if I sounded a bit intrusive. I hope you understand. >> BETH: I understand, there is so much pressure you are under.>> COACH: True, true. I mean we have an enormous task to carry out and I just wanted to know whether we are together in this. >> BETH: Trust me, we are a team.>> COACH & BETH: I was thinking -- Sorry, you first.>> BEN: Would you like to dance? >> TINA: No, I don?t want to dance.>> BEN: Let?s dance. Don?t be like that.>> TINA: Leave me alone.>> BEN: Just for a short time.>> KEZIA: What?s wrong Tina?>> TINA: It?s this boy who is annoying.>> BEN: Man, this is a party. What?s wrong? This is a party.>> PRIEST: Ben, do you know that you are drunk?>> BEN: So what if I am drunk? >> PRIEST: Stop disturbing this girl. >> BEN: Do you know that you are proud?>> PRIEST: Don?t spoil the party.>> BEN: Why do you feel so proud? You are the people who are sellouts, yet you are feeling proud for us?>> PRIEST: We are in front men; we are in front.>> BEN: Go away, where in front?>> PRIEST: Let me tell you Ben, do you know why you are jealous? You man, are like a pig. >> COACH: What is going on? http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-team-episode-4-change-of-guard In the wake of a disastrous loss in their first match together, massive changes are afoot in the leadership of Imani FC. Tension around ethnic, economic, and gender differences rises to the surface as players struggle to deal with the past. Will the roster, captain, and coach of Imani FC all be different by their next match? Fri, 06 May 2011 00:00:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/the-team-episode-4-change-of-guard Kenya, Youth, Soccer, Ethnic conflict, Gender, Ethnic group, The Team: Kenya, Change Makers, Education, LinkTV Picks >> PRIEST: Hey Abbas, relax man, it was just a friendly. No big deal.>> ABBAS: But I got substituted and I'm the captain. >> PRIEST: So? In fact it was me who was removed from the field. Next time you'll do better. I'm the one who got sent off. I spiked the guy.>> ABBAS: Don?t forget I?m the one who ordered it. But it says one thing about you.>> PRIEST: What?>> ABBAS: You know how to follow orders.>> PRIEST: You are silly. It?s only because you are the captain that I even agreed.>> JOHARI: Ben! Ben! Ben! Wake up. Ben wake up.>> BEN: Johari, what's wrong? What's the matter? Would you please excuse us?>> OLI: Sure. >> JOHARI: I had that dream again.>> BEN: You mean nightmare. Take it easy; it was just a dream.>> JOHARI: No, it was what happened.>> BEN: But we're okay. All of us are okay, including Mom and Dad.>> JOHARI: But I could hear them asking for our blood, Ben.>> BEN: Relax; we all got out of it, and probably stronger than we were before. >> JOHARI: I don't know what I would do without you.>> BEN: Let's hope you never get to find out.>> OLI: What was all that about?>> BEN: You will never understand.>> VOICE: And Kezia has the ball; she breaks through, she dribbles past both defenders and unleashes a scathing shot and goal! Kezia has scored. This young girl is beautiful, glamorous and amazing on and off the pitch.>> KEZIA: Tina? Tina? >> TINA: Leave me alone!>> KEZIA: What is wrong Tina? Just tell me.>> TINA: Kezia, this is not like you. One minute you are treating me well, the next you are mean to me. Do you expect me to tell you anything? I won?t. Leave me alone.>> KEZIA: Okay. I am here when you need to talk.>> TINA: Okay.>> COACH: Yesterday you played poorly, and the Bible says you will get your reward. Where is Ben? Oli, where is Ben?>> OLI: Sleeping?>> COACH: Why didn?t you wake him up? I will deal with you later. Now, does this team have a captain? And just what do you think is your role on the team? Laps. Remember, you can still be dropped from the team. >> COACH: You have five minutes to get to the pitch. If not, you are off the team. What's going on here? What?s going on? Ben, what?s going on?>> BEN: I don't know! It?s this crazy woman! I mean she just came up and hit me.>> COACH: Tina, what's going on? Tina, I'm talking to you!>> BETH: Let me handle this.>> KEZIA: Coach, Tina is normally bewitched.>> TINA: Kezia, how do you know, have you become the witchdoctor?>> BETH: Tina, Tina. You can talk to me>> TINA: What do you want me to tell you?>> BETH: What is the problem?>> TINA: I don?t have any problem.>> BETH: And the nightmares?>> TINA: You can't change anything. If you want to help me, just leave me alone.>> COACH: Yesterday?s match was a disaster! Abbas, you are the captain. What happened?>> ABBAS: Coach, I don't mean to be rude, but the problem is playing with these girls. That?s the truth. That?s the truth.>> COACH: I see. Does anybody else have any other views? >> JACKIE: The problem is the boys. They were refusing to pass us the ball even when we were in the right positions.>> ABBAS: Coach, the best example is Tina. She runs away any time a defender gets near her. How can we play like that?>> JACKIE: What did you expect, for us to rush into a defender?>> BEN: Football is a contact sport.>> ABBAS: Exactly.>> PRIEST: Let me tell you, these girls are letting us down. If you don?t want to meet head on with someone then there is nothing you are doing on the pitch. Go home, you are selling us out.>> TINA: Why should you be on the team if you want to play alone? Why don?t you just become a goalkeeper? >> COACH: Order! Tina has a point. You all failed to perform as a team.>> OLI: Not all of us coach. I was better.>> COACH: As the saying goes, a chain is only as strong as its weakest link!>> BETH: Thanks to technology, it doesn't have to be my word against yours.>> COACH: First, there was a total lack of teamwork. Boys, what makes you think you can play this game without the girls? And then, there are those who decide who their coach should be. And then there was just plain stupidity! I not only have one fool on the team, I have two! And what makes it worse, one of them happens to be the captain.>> PRIEST: What do want me to do?>> ABBAS: Get her off the pitch.>> PRIEST: Do I trip her? That?s easy work.>> COACH: Priest, I expected better of you than to act like Abbas' robot!>> ABBAS: She had to be stopped. She was making us look bad.>> COACH: Abbas, your attitude is all wrong. Having said that, we also had some moments of brilliance. And that, boys and girls, is how a team should play. Now, I hate to do this, but I have to. I need to cut the team to ten players. So the following four will be leaving. Tony.>> TONY: Coach.>> COACH: Jane. >> JANE: Coach, please.>> COACH: Juliet. Myna. Now, not everyone can be on the team. The remaining ten players consider yourselves very lucky. I expect to see more effort and discipline from you. One more thing: Abbas, you are no longer the captain.>> ABBAS: But why coach?>> COACH: Who is the coach of this team?>> ABBAS: It is you.>> COACH: Who makes the decision here?>> ABBAS: it is you.>> COACH: Good! Now, do you understand that your conduct on the pitch was not that of a captain or a leader, but that of a gangster or a vigilante? That I will not allow on my team.>> ABBAS: I think -->> COACH: I will only discuss this if what I?m saying isn't true. Priest! Don?t go on leg breaking errands. Johari!>> JOHARI: Yes coach?>> COACH: You are the captain.>> ABBAS: Coach, you can't do this to me! >> COACH: And who are you to tell me what I can or cannot do?>> ABBAS: But I was elected!>> COACH: My first mistake. This is a football team, not a political party.>> ABBAS: This is unfair! You are being so hard on me.>> COACH: If I were being hard on you, you would have been one of the four I dropped. >> ABBAS: No, listen. I?m sorry. All I?m asking for is that you give me another chance.>> COACH: That you're still on the team is your other chance.>> OLI: Hey, congrats. I?m proud of you.>> JOHARI: Thanks. Oli, I can't be captain. I don't even want to be captain.>> OLI: You'll make a very good captain.>>J OHARI: You think so?>> OLI: I liked the way you handled the team during the friendly. That was brave of you.>> JOHARI: But I let in four goals!>> OLI: If it weren?t for you, it would have been much worse. I thought I was the only one who thought so, but thank God coach thought so too. >> JOHARI: What about the rest of the team?>> OLI: They're all behind you. Trust me, they are.>> JOHARI: What about Abbas?>> OLI: Don?t mind him. He?ll sort himself out. Now cheer up. It?s your happy day. See you around.>> BEN: Hey sis. Or should I call you captain?>> JOHARI: Don't you start?>> BEN: Did you ever imagine you would be captain of this team?>> JOHARI: Not at all.>> BEN: Neither did I. But it works for us, right?>> JOHARI: What do you mean?>> BEN: Hey, I'm you brother, your twin. Doesn't that count for something?>> JOHARI: Yes it does. It means that as the captain, I'll have to make sure I'm not accused of favoritism. So you have to work harder than before.>> BEN: You must be joking.>> JOHARI: No Ben, I'm not joking. You have to work harder than ever everybody else. Now if you'll excuse me, I have some things to attend to.>> MR. BUKENYA: How much?>> MAN: The total value, which is inclusive of insurance, is 22.5 million shillings. Two weeks to arrive at the boat and our commission will be five million shillings.>> MR. BUKENYA: That?s too little. >> MAN: Mr. Bukenya, considering that our only work here is to facilitate the procurement of these goods, it makes very good business sense that we accept their offer. We won?t be breaking any sweat bringing in these goods, and mark my word Mr. Bukenya; we will then be retained as their official agents in the East African region. Which would definitely be good business for all of us.>> MR. BUKENYA: Coach, how are you doing today?>> COACH: I?m good.>> MR. BUKENYA: How is the team doing?>> COACH: The team is fine; the players are in good shape.>> MR. BUKENYA: Great. You know, sometimes I, Mr. Bukenya, have to step in, for the interests of his investment. >> COACH: I don't understand.>> MR. BUKENYA: This tournament presents a very good opportunity for me -- I mean for this community -- to prove a very important point. You see, for the last ten years I have been in all kinds of businesses and charities. But none as visible as this one, when one has to deal with people directly, especially young people.>> COACH: But Mr. Bukenya, football earns nothing compared to, for example, your petroleum business.>> MR. BUKENYA: True, true. But that's not like this football tournament that we are in. I mean, the whole country is watching; there is extensive media coverage. Don't you get it? >> COACH: I see.>> MR. BUKENYA: And what better way to show that? A team is comprised of players from all corners of Kenya.>> COACH: Mr. Bukenya, I keep on losing you.>> MR. BUKENYA: That is the point. You will keep on losing me as long as you continue sacking elected leaders of the team.>> COACH: So you mean he came complaining to you?>> MR. BUKENYA: But he was elected by his teammates. >> COACH: In an election he won because he was able to buy the players.>> MR. BUKENYA: That?s beside the point. >> COACH: Fine. Abbas can be captain, as long as I'm not coaching this team. >> MR. BUKENYA: Coach. I know we can reach a compromise. >> COACH: Mr. Bukenya, not on this.>> MR. BUKENYA: Okay, have it your way.>> COACH: Have a very good day, sir.>> KEZIA: Tina, do you have to practice in the room?>> TINA: I?m just doing a little practice.>> KEZIA: It makes the room smell of sweat.>> TINA: Sorry, I am about to finish.>> KEZIA: Tina, I have a plan.>> TINA: Which one?>> KEZIA: Why don?t you go share the room with Johari?>> TINA: Why?>> KEZIA: Just like that. I feel like I?m in your way.>> TINA: How?>> KEZIA: Just like that.>> TINA: Why don?t you go share a room with Johari?>> KEZIA: No hard feelings?>> TINA: Is it because of my tribe?>> KEZIA: Listen Tina, not everything is about tribe. >> TINA: Okay, you go away.>> KEZIA: It is not hard. I will go.>> TINA: Okay, go.>> COACH: This is the line up for our next match. In goal will be Johari. Backs will be Priest and Oliver. Then Kezia, Ben, and Tina will strike, and Abbas will play midfield. If there is a problem and any of you thinks they can't play, let me know. Good. Well, I hope you play better than you played in the friendly. Good luck.>> ABBAS: Coach, I just wanted to thank you for including me on the team.>> COACH: No problem, as long as you realize it had nothing to do with your father or Mr. Bukenya. >> ABBAS: I know. In fact, I?m so sorry for running to Mr. Bukenya behind your back.>> COACH: Do you really mean that?>> ABBAS: I do. >> COACH: You might be learning something after all.>> ABBAS: Thank you. Thank you so much.