http://viewchange.org Videos from ViewChange.org (Filtered by topics: Gang) en-us Tue, 05 Oct 2010 23:28:00 +0000 Copyright 2011 Link Media, Inc. http://www.viewchange.org/videos/venezuela-the-pied-piper <p>In Caracas, Venezuela the streets thump with hip-hop, Latin rhythms, and violent crime. But the city is also home to a remarkable youth orchestra system that has helped more than a million kids from poor neighborhoods discover a very different world: that of classical music. Only a few will ever become professional musicians, but many more will have their lives changed for the better.</p> Tue, 05 Oct 2010 23:28:00 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/venezuela-the-pied-piper Jose Antonio Abreu, Venezuela, Education, El Sistema, Simon Bolivar Symphony Orchestra, South America, Latin America, Gang, Change Makers, LinkTV Picks >> VOICEOVER: It's not just one of the world's great orchestras: the Simon Bolivar Youth Orchestra is in a class of its own. It's the showcase of a unique social experiment designed to bring music to the masses. The players have been trained in hundreds of publicly financed youth and children's orchestras, and in Venezuela, any child from any background can aspire to join it. >> TITLE: The Pied Piper >> GENESIS DA SILVA: My ultimate dream is to be part of an orchestra. My goal has been to get there and I think that with the effort and the desire that I put in, I can achieve it. >> VOICEOVER: Genesis da Silva is just 13, but dreams of being a great musician. Every day after school, she spends five hours playing classical music before going home to practice more. She and her friends come from poor families that can't afford instruments, let alone lessons. But, thanks to a visionary project, they have a chance to pursue their dreams. It's known as the National Youth Orchestra System of Venezuela, or as it's simply called here, "El Sistema," the system. It's an inspired program to bring the finest music to the poorest children of Venezuela's toughest slums. It might sound like a pipe dream, but it's already brought more than a million kids into the world of classical music. It all began in 1975, when an economist and musician Jose Antonio Abreu hit on the idea that music could steer children from crime. >> DR. JOSE ANTONIO ABREU [Founder, National Youth Orchestra System of Venezuela]: The happiness, enjoyment, and hope that playing music brings to the suburbs and poor neighborhoods, undoubtedly creates a tremendous barrier against drugs, and against violence and vice and everything that undervalues life and makes it miserable. >> VOICEOVER: It started with just 11 students in a cramped hall, but it's grown into 220 youth and children's orchestras, most in poor areas where children had never been exposed to classical music. Every day across the country, 400,000 kids line up for free music lessons. Even the cost of the instruments is covered by state grants and private donations. The local director, Rafael Elster, insists the investment benefits everyone. >> RAFAEL ELSTER [Director, Nucleo Sarria Music School]: In an orchestra, all the responsibilities are part of the success of this group. If the trumpet player plays wrong or doesn't come, or doesn't work as the other ones, the orchestra fails, as do these communities. The communities need people who do everything, and everybody works for the community. That's what we teach them. So we're trying to make them better citizens, better people. >> INTERVIEWER: So you could do the same thing with sport, for example? >> RAFAEL ELSTER: No, because in sports there's always a winner and a loser. In this nobody loses, everybody wins. So we have to make them feel that the most important thing is that everyone wins. >> VOICEOVER: The system demands and gets extraordinary commitment from the students. After sitting in school classes from seven to one, they play music until six before they start the journey home. >> RAFAEL ELSTER: So these kids work like 14 hours a day. When they don't, they just go home and sleep. That's no time for getting in trouble. >> INTERVIEWER: Most kids in the West like to go home from school and play on the computer. I mean do you have to force these kids to play music? >> RAFAEL ELSTER: They are poor people. They don't have computers. They don't have toys. They don't have anything. This is the most valuable thing for them, their instruments, their orchestra. >> VOICEOVER: The contrast with their home lives couldn't be greater. Caracas is a city of crowded slums and violent gangs. We had to bring a bodyguard to be able to film in Genesis da Silva's neighborhood. Her building doesn't even have a lift. She has to climb 12 floors to her apartment. >> GENESIS DA SILVA: It's very dangerous. People are very involved. It's always to do with the gangs. No one is really taking care of their life. It's very difficult. >> VOICEOVER: Yet Genesis is happier with her life than many rich teenagers in the West, the beauty of music a daily antidote to the ugliness around her. >> GENESIS DA SILVA: When you're there in the music, the most important thing is to know how to enjoy it, and to do it. It also helps to clarify many problems. >> VOICEOVER: She's lucky to have a supportive family, sharing this small apartment with her mother, stepfather, grandmother, two brothers, two aunts and two cousins. But nothing can shield them from the mayhem below. In a recent shooting a bullet was fired through their window. >> GENESIS DA SILVA: Many dead people ... many dead people between gangs. And there are always shootings, which sometimes lead to many deaths. >> VOICEOVER: It wasn't long before we saw just how dangerous this place can be. While we were filming, a man was shot on the street. As we left the building, we were caught up in the police response. Our bodyguard was disarmed, I was detained and searched. Police have failed to stem the chronic violence here. Jose Abreu, who founded the system, believes music is a much better weapon. >> DR. JOSE ANTONIO ABREU: Without a doubt, this is a program that transforms the quality of life in a huge way and produces enormous sentiment in the personal and collective lives of children and young people. >> VOICEOVER: Leswi Pantoja, who's 26, knows that well. He grew up in a poor slum where he ran with a youth gang. >> LESWI PANTOJA [Simon Bolivar Youth Orchestra]: I have many friends who aren't alive any more. They're dead. Sometimes I meet friends in the street and I ask them how they are. They're just all right. They don't have real jobs. They manage to survive, but that's all. That's their life. >> VOICEOVER: Leswi Pantoja's life took a different path after he joined the system. Today he's a professional musician. Six years ago, he was selected to join the Simon Bolivar Youth Orchestra. It's made up exclusively of the best students to pass through the system. >> LESWI PANTOJA: I think it's because we've known each other for 15 years, since we were very young. We've grown up together as a family, little by little. It's one of the secrets of why the orchestra sounds as it does, is seen as it is, and triumphs in this way. >> VOICEOVER: Like all the players, Leswi Pantoja grew up to a Latin beat. When he's not performing with the orchestra, he still plays Venezuelan salsa with his own band. Before the system, poor neighborhoods like his never even heard classical music. >> LESWI PANTOJA: What you hear is Latin music, salsa and merengue. Classical doesn't really exist. >> VOICEOVER: Nowadays, every community can enjoy the music of the streets and the concert halls. >> DR. JOSE ANTONIO ABREU: The wide diversity breaks down artificial barriers between classical and popular music. Society is transformed through an artistic experience that brings hope and an aesthetic dimension to life. >> VOICEOVER: Only a handful who finish the system each year are chosen for Simon Bolivar, the peak of the youth orchestras. But Genesis da Silva is sure she can do it. As she watches the orchestra rehearse, she becomes even more determined to perfect her craft. >> GENESIS DA SILVA: You don't try to imitate them, or to be like them, but you make an effort to excel yourself, to get where they are. >> VOICEOVER: An hour later, it's her turn to shine. After weeks of practice, Genesis's school group will be performing a concert for their parents and friends. Everything is done as cheaply as possible, but Rafael Elster takes any opportunity to plead for more. >> RAFAEL ELSTER: I'm asking to build a new building of 1,000 square meters to house 1,500 children and to purchase 300 musical instruments. >> VOICEOVER: It's an enthusiastic if uneven performance. Some of the children show exceptional talent, some just play along for fun. Only a few will become professional musicians, but the system will leave a lifelong legacy for all. >> RAFAEL ELSTER: The most important thing is that they believe in themselves. They believe that everything they start they can take it to a higher level, they can reach different goals in life. >> TITLE: [end credits] http://www.viewchange.org/videos/barrio-de-paz <p>Youth worker Nelsa Libertad Curbelo Cora describes the inspiration behind Barrio de Paz (Peace Town), a non-violent youth movement in Guayaquil, Ecuador. It brings together street gangs to provide services to the struggling community. Gang members band together out of a need for unity, structure, and love when their social fabric has been torn apart.&nbsp;</p> Fri, 26 Mar 2010 18:49:11 +0000 http://www.viewchange.org/videos/barrio-de-paz Latin America, Ser Paz, Nelsa Curbelo, Youth, Ecuador, Social change, South America, Gang, Community development, Social equality >> TITLE: Global Oneness Project. >> TITLE: Barrio de Paz. >> TITLE: "Everything in society tells us to distrust others. I think it's the other way around. We need to profoundly trust in those around us, in their potential and in who they are." - Nelsa Curbelo Libertad Cora. >> VARIOUS YOUTHS: My name is Pier Mora. / Edison Ramiron Ovan. / My name is Mauricio Jefferson Torres Santos. / Angelo Martin Hernandez Apolinario. / My name is George Asanza. / My name is Mariela. / My name is Edison Masillas. I belong to the gang "Big Clan," the only real gang here in Guayaquil. / "Nacion de Hierro" gang. / "Latin Kings" gang. / "Nacion de Hierro." >> TITLE: Guayaquil, Ecuador. >> NELSA CURBELO: Let me show you the T-shirt. >> SIGN: Barrio de Paz (Peace Town) >> NELSA CURBELO: My name is Nelsa Curbelo. My work is to promote peace in the areas that have the most conflict such as the gangs in this city. I work with kids who have become gang members. That's my field of work. But it is beyond just work, it's my life because it's more than a job, it's a lifelong project. It keeps me busy day and night, because it's about building a better world. >> NELSA CURBELO: It has to do with young people who live at the edge of society and who are the product of a very unfair and unequal society. Often society blames young people for instigating conflicts when in reality they are a mirror of society. They reflect back to us what we don't want to see, and as a society what we don't want to acknowledge. There wouldn't be gangs in societies if their environment didn't support their growth. They exist in societies with huge inequalities where individualism is too strong and where people no longer live in groups. Our society has produced a large number of people who are either extremely rich or extremely poor. It has created families with no core structure and a lack of love. So they feed each other: society from the youth and youth from society. In order to change society we need our youth to be the leaders. >> NELSA CURBELO: Not all of these kids are criminals. In our city there are around 60,000 young gang members. If all 60,000 were delinquent nobody could go out to the streets anymore. So to translate "gang member" as "delinquent " is not accurate. Yet, not long ago in this country, a number of people bankrupted 14 banks and now they live abroad and nobody calls them crooks, even though they left this country in absolute poverty. >> NELSA CURBELO: In society there are people who are in, and people who are excluded; they are out. Society has expelled these kids. They are not even marginalized, they are just out. Because they are outsiders they unite. They start to establish territories, their codes, signs, and colors become their language. This is their way to respond to a society that has excluded them due to its lack of knowledge, lack of understanding of how this has happened, and its failure to give them the education they need. Most kids who end up in gangs don't have what they need to keep going in life. The street is their world, the street is their school, the street is their neighborhood, and the street is their home. The streets have walls to paint on; that's why they write everything on them. It's a way to live and experience the city and the society that we, the adults, have created. >> NELSA CURBELO: Young people did not invent drugs or weapons. The fact that they are involved in trafficking drugs and weapons, this is something that was invented by us adults, not the young people who enter society today. They didn't create this world, we did. This world, with its inequalities, and the lack of respect for the environment, for ecology, and for humanity, was created by us, by those who have been living on this planet for years. It's not the fault of the young people whose lives are just beginning. They encountered this situation and responded to it. >> NELSA CURBELO: And I think that there is something positive in their response: that they form groups and team up. That's good. The challenge is to transform the group into a positive opportunity for social change. Young people are attracted to gangs because the group offers them the family they don't have. So, in the beginning they come together because the group gives them friendship and solidarity. They get together to talk about girls, and other guys, to go out or to go dancing. That's the origin. But then, it changes into groups that need rules, where they need to go through rites of passage. They imitate the military at its best and at its worst. They carry out the same military tests in the streets, but they make it much tougher. Gangs are networks with fast communications systems with leaders whom they obey. That's why I believe that they are not rebels but rather young people who need authority. If they were truly rebels, they wouldn't accept the orders of their leaders without objection. These kids need an authority figure to make rules for them to follow. One of the most effective ways to generate violence is submission to authority. It's not simply obedience, because obedience presumes that you understand what you are being asked to do. But submission is when you are told to do something and you do it, even if you don't understand or agree with it. This works very well in a gang. So, it is the need to submit to a leader's authority, and the need for love, unity, and solidarity, that keeps the gangs together. That's what keeps them united. >> VARIOUS YOUTHS: I became a gang member when I was twelve. / I ran away when I lost my parents, and joined a gang. / What I miss most is my dad, who died when I was seven. / I went through all kinds of things on the streets: violence, fights, wars. / I was almost killed three times, but I survived and I'm fighting to stay alive. / I still have scars all over my face. / There was nobody to support us. / I had both bad and good experiences. / People in society think all kind of things about us, because they've never been here on the inside. / Not all gangs are like people think. / Unfortunately, people don't value us, and they always say: Gangs are worthless, all they do is to steal, smoke, and harm society. / People think that gangs are bad and it is true, in some ways. But they don't know what it's like. People should lend us a hand because they don't know how we really feel deep inside. >> NELSA CURBELO: Working with gang members taught me a few things that I think we all should learn. First of all, I learned that these kids are not murderers you have to be afraid of, but rather, they are very vulnerable young people in deep need of love and affection. And from there we can start to build. That was the first thing I learned. I also learned that there is an incredible solidarity among them. This work has truly been a "school of life" for me, a school of understanding. And by far the most terrible thing I learned is that assaulting, harming, or killing others is a way to say "I am here," to show that they exist. Changing this behavior so that they feel present without committing a crime, is the real challenge. And when they discover this new way, they are much happier. I believe that violence is a way of recognizing that one has no power. The opposite of violence isn't non-violence, it's power. When one has moral power, power of conviction, and the power to do good, one doesn't need violence. There is another kind of power: power over others. That's authoritarian power. Then there is the power of humanity working together, the power of teamwork. And there is another power, one that comes from inside. Gandhi had this power, Martin Luther King, Jesus, Mother Teresa, and many others. These people who have such coherence in what they say, what they want, and what they do, that they have a power which emanates from them. This power, which is not a power over other people, or an authoritarian power, is actually the power of service. That's the real non-violent power. In reality, I translate power as service. That's power; true power means to serve. >> YOUTH: I wanted to give you the news: She gave birth yesterday. >> NELSA CURBELO: What is it? >> YOUTH: It's a boy: Raoul Francois. >> NELSA CURBELO: When you lack the power to give life, it seems that the only recourse is the power to take away life. What needs to be enhanced is the power to build life. The joy that this young man feels due to his son's birth will change his life. We found out that they change when they fall in love, when they love somebody, and when they start to protect someone. That's why we try hard to promote teamwork among them and support them helping one another. They already do it, but they could do it even more. Nothing is more revolutionary than love. Love is the greatest power. Love is more powerful than violence, more powerful than the atomic bomb. Love has the power to transform lives, to change cities, and the whole world. Only love has this deep creative power. I am absolutely sure of it. >> YOUTH: When you meet a person who shows you love you start to trust that person. That love motivates you to change, and allows you to see new, positive options for your life. It's something that touches your heart. I've known Nelsa for seven years now, and I'm ready to give my life for her. We really love her very much. >> NELSA CURBELO: It's the kids themselves who give me hope. I think that each time we are with human beings who are able to change themselves, we are filled with joy and hope. One saved life, only one, justifies all the work we try to do. And I'm convinced of something else, too: Flowers don't grow from diamonds, they grow in the mud. And from these kids, who are considered the scum of humanity, the mud, the best things can be born. A different world is born when they are the change makers. This is what motivates me: to prove that those who live at the edge of society can sometimes lead deep changes. >> VARIOUS YOUTHS: Everything can change. Like I did it, we all can do it. We can overcome and move on. / Before, my aspiration was to be violent. Sometimes you are not aware of what you do. Now my hope for the future is to be somebody important in life. / My dream for the future is to finish my studies. I want to be somebody important in life so that my family is proud of me. I want to help at home, my mother, my brothers, my sister. / That my daughter, because I have a baby girl, doesn't experience the violence I have. I want to protect her from all that. / I wish to work with gang members, because truly, there's no one better to do it than someone who has lived it. And since I have experienced it, I know how things are. / For the last seven years, my wish has been that all gangs come together and talk peacefully. That war ends and something new can begin in a positive way, that everybody can fulfill their dream and have a decent job, that everyone is respected, and that discrimination toward "the other" ends. >> TITLE: Nelsa Curbelo founded the organization SER PAZ (Being Peace) in 1999 to work with youth gangs in Guayaquil, Ecuador. Its mission is to help gang members reintegrate into society by providing them with education and professional training. Members of rival gangs have come together to form print-shops, music studios, and pizzerias, which have brought alternative economic opportunities to the neighborhoods and provided the youth with outlets for creative expression. >> TITLE: www.globalonenessproject.org